0117

801F

6C

F6

FF

 

JMP

($FFF6)

 

0118

8022

68

 

 

DETIRQ PLA

 

;IRQ (NON BRK)

0119

8023

AA

 

 

 

TAX

 

 

0120

8024

68

 

 

 

PLA

 

 

0121

8025

28

 

 

 

PLP

 

 

0122

8026

6C

F8

FF

 

JMP

($FFF8)

 

0123

8029

20

86

8B

SVIRQ

JSR ACCESS

;SAVE REGS AND DISPLAY CODE

0124

802C

38

 

 

 

SEC

 

 

0125

802D

20

64

80

 

JSR

SAVINT

 

0126

8030

A9

31

 

 

LDA

#'1'

 

0127

8032

4C

53

80

 

JMP

IDISP

 

0128

8035

08

 

 

USRENT PHP

 

;USER ENTRY

0129

8036

20

86

8B

 

JSR

ACCESS

 

0130

8039

38

 

 

 

SEC

 

 

0131

803A

20

64

80

 

JSR

SAVINT

 

0132

803D

EE 59 A6

 

INC

PCLR

 

0133

8040

D0

03

 

 

BNE

*+5

 

0134

8042

EE 5A A6

 

INC

PCHR

 

0135

8045

A9

33

 

 

LDA

#'3'

 

0136

8047

4C

53

80

 

JMP

IDISP

 

0137

804A

20

86

8B

SVBRK

JSR

ACCESS

 

0138

804D

18

 

 

 

CLC

 

 

0139

804E

20

64

80

 

JSR

SAVINT

 

0140

8051

A9

30

 

 

LDA

#'0'

 

0141

8053

 

 

 

; INTRPT CODES 0 = BRK

 

0142

8053

 

 

 

;

 

1 = IRQ

 

0143

8053

 

 

 

;

 

2 = NMI

 

0144

8053

 

 

 

;

 

3 = USER ENTRY

0145

8053

48

 

 

IDISP

PHA

 

;OUT PC, INTRPT CODE (FROM A)

0146

8054

20

D3

80

 

JSR

DBOFF

;STOP NMI'S

0147

8057

20

4D

83

 

JSR

CRLF

 

0148

805A

20

37

83

 

JSR

OPCCOM

 

0149

805D

68

 

 

 

PLA

 

 

0150

805E

20

47

8A

 

JSR

OUTCHR

 

0151

8061

4C

03

80

 

JMP

WARM

 

0152

8064

8D

5D

A6

SAVINT STA

AR

;SAVE USER REGS AFTER INTRPT

0153

8067

8E

5E

A6

 

STX

XR

 

0154

806A

8C

5F

A6

 

STY

YR

 

0155

806D

BA

 

 

 

TSX

 

 

0156

806E

D8

 

 

 

CLD

 

 

0157

806F

BD 04 01

 

LDA

$104,X

 

0158

8072

69

FF

 

 

ADC

#$FF

 

0159

8074

8D

59

A6

 

STA

PCLR

 

0160

8077

BD 05 01

 

LDA

$105,X

 

0161

807A

69

FF

 

 

ADC

#$FF

 

0162

807C

8D

5A

A6

 

STA

PCHR

 

0163

807F

BD 03 01

 

LDA

$103,X

 

0164

8082

8D

5C

A6

 

STA

FR

 

0165

8085

BD 02 01

 

LDA

$102,X

 

0166

8088

9D

05

01

 

STA

$105,X

 

0167

808B

BD 01 01

 

LDA

$101,X

 

0168

808E

9D

04

01

 

STA

$104,X

 

0169

8091

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

0170

8092

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

0171

8093

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

0172

8094

9A

 

 

 

TXS

 

 

0173

8095

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

0174

8096

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

0175

8097

8E

5B

A6

 

STX

SR

 

0176

809A

60

 

 

 

RTS

 

 

0177

809B

20

86

8B

SVNMI

JSR ACCESS

;TRACE IF TV NE 0

0178

809E

38

 

 

 

SEC

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 104
Image 104
Apple II manual Tax, Adc

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.