2225

8F56

8E

38

A6

OUTCHT STX

SCR8

;PRESERVE X

2226

8F59

8C

39

A6

 

STY

SCR9

;DITTO Y

2227

8F5C 85

FC

 

 

STA

CHAR

 

2228

8F5E A9

FF

 

 

LDA

#$FF

;USE FF W/SHIFTS TO COUNT BITS

2229

8F60

48

 

 

KIMBIT PHA

 

;SAVE BIT CTR

2230

8F61

AD

02

A4

 

LDA

TPOUT

;GET CURRENT OUTPUT LEVEL

2231

8F64

46

FC

 

 

LSR

CHAR

;GET DATA BIT IN CARRY

2232

8F66

A2

12

 

 

LDX

#18

;ASSUME 'ONE'

2233

8F68

B0

02

 

 

BCS

HF

 

2234

8F6A A2

24

 

 

LDX

#36

;BIT IS ZERO

2235

8F6C A0

19

 

HF

LDY

#25

 

2236

8F6E 49

08

 

 

EOR

#TPBIT

;INVERT OUTPUT

2237

8F70

8D

02

A4

 

STA

TPOUT

 

2238

8F73

88

 

 

HFP1

DEY

 

;PAUSE FOR 138 USEC

2239

8F74

D0

FD

 

 

BNE

HFP1

 

2240

8F76

CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

;COUNT HALF CYCS OF HF

2241

8F77

D0

F3

 

 

BNE

HF

 

2242

8F79

A2

18

 

 

LDX

#24

;ASSUME BIT IS ONE

2243

8F7B B0

02

 

 

BCS

LF20

 

2244

8F7D A2

0C

 

 

LDX

#12

;BIT IS ZERO

2245

8F7F A0

27

 

LF20

LDY

#39

 

2246

8F81

49

08

 

 

EOR

#TPBIT

;INVERT OUTPUT

2247

8F83

8D

02

A4

 

STA

TPOUT

 

2248

8F86

88

 

 

LFP1

DEY

 

;PAUSE FOR 208 USEC

2249

8F87

D0

FD

 

 

BNE

LFP1

 

2250

8F89

CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

;COUNT HALF CYCS

2251

8F8A D0

F3

 

 

BNE

LF20

 

2252

8F8C 68

 

 

 

PLA

 

;RESTORE BIT CTR

2253

8F8D 0A

 

 

 

ASL

A

;DECREMENT IT

2254

8F8E D0

D0

 

 

BNE

KIMBIT

;FF SHIFTED 8X = 0

2255

8F90

AE

38

A6

 

LDX

SCR8

 

2256

8F93

AC

39

A6

 

LDY

SCR9

 

2257

8F96

98

 

 

 

TYA

 

;RESTORE DATA BYTE

2258

8F97

60

 

 

 

RTS

 

 

2259

8F98

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2260

8F98

FF

FF

 

 

.DB

$FF,$FF

;NOT USED

2261

8F9A

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2262

8F9A

 

 

 

; REGISTER

NAME PATCH

 

2263

8F9A

 

 

 

 

*=$8F9A

 

2264

8F9A 53

 

 

 

.DB

"S"

 

2265

8F9B 46

 

 

 

.DB

"F"

 

2266

8F9C 41

 

 

 

.DB

"A"

 

2267

8F9D 58

 

 

 

.DB

'X'

 

2268

8F9E 59

 

 

 

.DB

"Y"

 

2269

8F9F 01

 

 

 

.DB

$01

 

2270

8FA0

 

 

 

;

 

 

 

2271

8FA0

 

 

 

;

 

 

 

2272

8FA0

 

 

 

;***

 

 

 

2273

8FA0

 

 

 

;*** DEFAULT TABLE

 

2274

8FA0

 

 

 

;***

 

 

 

2275

8FA0

 

 

 

 

*=$8FA0

 

2276

8FA0

 

 

 

DFTBLK =*

 

 

2277

8FA0 00

C0

 

 

.DW $C000

;BASIC *** JUMP TABLE

2278

8FA2 A7

8B

 

 

.DW

TTY

 

2279

8FA4 64

8B

 

 

.DW

NEWDEV

 

2280

8FA6 00

00

 

 

.DW

$0000

;PAGE ZERO

2281

8FA8 00

02

 

 

.DW

$0200

 

2282

8FAA 00

03

 

 

.DW

$0300

 

2283

8FAC 00

C8

 

 

.DW

$C800

 

2284

8FAE 00

D0

 

 

.DW

$D000

 

2285

8FB0 04

 

 

 

.DB

$04

;TAPE DELAY (9.0 SEC)

2286

8FB1 2C

 

 

 

.DB

$2C

;KIM TAPE BOUNDARY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 138
Image 138
Apple II manual Register Name Patch, Outcht STX

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.