BNE INRT2 | Apple II guide

1357	8A2F D0 0B					BNE	INRT2
1358	8A31	AD 53 A6				LDA	TECHO
1359	8A34	49	40			EOR	#$40	;TOGGLE CTL O BIT
1360	8A36	8D	53	A6		STA	TECHO
1361	8A39	18				CLC
1362	8A3A 90 E2					BCC	INCHR+3	;GET GET ANOTHER CHAR
1363	8A3C C9 0D				INRT2	CMP	#$0D	;CARRIAGE RETURN?
1364	8A3E 4C B8 81					JMP	RESXAF
1365	8A41	6C	61	A6	INJINV JMP		(INVEC+1)
1366	8A44	20	09	83	NBASOC JSR		NIBASC	;NIBBLE TO ASCII, OUTCHR
1367	8A47	20	88	81	OUTCHR JSR		SAVER
1368	8A4A 2C 53 A6					BIT	TECHO	;LOOK AT CTRL O FLAG
1369	8A4D 70 03					BVS	*+5
1370	8A4F 20 55 8A					JSR	INJOUV
1371	8A52	4C	C4	81		JMP	RESALL
1372	8A55	6C	64	A6	INJOUV JMP		(OUTVEC+1)
1373	8A58	20	88	81	INTCHR JSR		SAVER	;IN TERMINAL CHAR
1374	8A5B A9 00					LDA	#0
1375	8A5D 85 F9					STA	$F9
1376	8A5F AD 02 A4				LOOK	LDA	PBDA	;FIND LEADING EDGE
1377	8A62	2D	54	A6		AND	TOUTFL
1378	8A65	38				SEC
1379	8A66	E9	40			SBC	#$40
1380	8A68	90	F5			BCC	LOOK
1381	8A6A 20 E9 8A				TIN	JSR	DLYH	;TERMINAL BIT
1382	8A6D AD 02 A4					LDA	PBDA
1383	8A70	2D	54	A6		AND	TOUTFL
1384	8A73	38				SEC
1385	8A74	E9	40			SBC #$40		;OR BITS 7,7 (TTY,CRT)
1386	8A76	2C	53	A6		BIT TECHO		;ECHO BIT?
1387	8A79	10	06			BPL	DMY1
1388	8A7B 20 D4 8A					JSR	OUT
1389	8A7E 4C 87 8A					JMP	SAVE
1390	8A81	A0	07		DMY1	LDY	#7
1391	8A83	88			TLP1	DEY
1392	8A84	D0	FD			BNE	TLP1
1393	8A86	EA				NOP
1394	8A87	66	F9		SAVE	ROR	$F9
1395	8A89	20	E9	8A		JSR	DLYH
1396	8A8C 48					PHA		;TIMING
1397	8A8D B5 00					LDA	0,X
1398	8A8F 68					PLA
1399	8A90	90	D8			BCC	TIN
1400	8A92	20	E9	8A		JSR	DLYH
1401	8A95	18				CLC
1402	8A96	20	D4	8A		JSR	OUT
1403	8A99	A5	F9			LDA	$F9
1404	8A9B 49 FF					EOR	#$FF
1405	8A9D 4C B8 81					JMP	RESXAF
1406	8AA0 85 F9				TOUT	STA	$F9	;TERMINAL CHR OUT
1407	8AA2 20 88 81					JSR	SAVER
1408	8AA5 20 E9 8A					JSR	DLYH	;DELAY 1/2 BIT TIME
1409	8AA8 A9 30					LDA	#$30	;SET FOR OUTPUT
1410	8AAA 8D 03 A4					STA	PBDA+1	;DATA DIRECTION
1411	8AAD A5 F9					LDA	$F9	;RECOVER CHR DATA
1412	8AAF A2 0B					LDX	#$0B	;START BIT,8DATA, 3STOPS
1413	8AB1 49 FF					EOR	#$FF	;INVERT DATA
1414	8AB3 38					SEC		;START BIT
1415	8AB4 20 D4 8A				OUTC	JSR	OUT	;OUTPUT BIT FROM CARRY
1416	8AB7 20 E6 8A					JSR	DLYF	;WAIT FULL BIT TIME
1417	8ABA A0 06					LDY	#$06
1418	8ABC 88				PHAKE	DEY

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.

Apple II manual BNE INRT2

Models: II

BNE

INRT2

EOR

CMP

EOR

EOR

II specifications