2908

F4CC 8D 17 01

 

STA

LMNEM

 

2909

F4CF B9 F9 F5

 

LDA

MNEMR,Y

 

2910

F4D2 8D 18 01

 

STA

RMNEM

 

2911

F4D5 A2 03

 

 

LDX

#3

;MUST BE

2912

F4D7 A9 00

 

PRMN1

LDA

#0

 

2913

F4D9 A0 05

 

 

LDY

#5

 

2914

F4DB 0E 18 01

PRMN2

ASL

RMNEM

 

2915

F4DE 2E 17 01

 

ROL

LMNEM

 

2916

F4E1 2A

 

 

 

ROL

A

 

2917

F4E2 88

 

 

 

DEY

 

 

2918

F4E3 D0 F6

 

 

BNE

PRMN2

 

2919

F4E5 69 BF

 

 

ADC

#'?'+$80

;ADD "?" OFFSET

2920

F4E7 20 BC E9

 

JSR

OUTALL

 

2921

F4EA CA

 

 

 

DEX

 

 

2922

F4EB D0 EA

 

 

BNE

PRMN1

 

2923

F4ED 20 45 F5

 

JSR

PRBL2

 

2924

F4F0 A2 06

 

 

LDX

#6

 

2925

F4F2 A9 00

 

 

LDA

#0

 

2926

F4F4 8D 29 A4

 

STA

STIY+2

;FLAG

2927

F4F7 E0 03

 

PRADR1

CPX

#3

 

2928

F4F9 D0 1E

 

 

BNE

PRADR3

;IF X=3 PRINT ADDR VALUE

2929

F4FB A4 EA

 

 

LDY

LENGTH

 

2930

F4FD F0 1A

 

 

BEQ

PRADR3

;1 BYTE INSTR

2931

F4FF AD 16 01

PRADR2 LDA

FORMA

 

2932

F502

C9

E8

 

 

CMP

#$E8

;RELATIVE ADDRESSING

2933

F504

20

56

EB

 

JSR

PCLLD

 

2934

F507

B0

27

 

 

BCS

RELADR

 

2935

F509

 

 

 

;SE IF

SYMBOL

 

2936

F509

48

 

 

 

PHA

 

 

2937

F50A AD 29 A4

 

LDA

STIY+2

 

2938

F50D D0 03

 

 

BNE

MR11A

 

2939

F50F EE 29 A4

 

INC STIY+2

;SHOW WE WERE HERE

2940

F512

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2941

F512

68

 

 

MR11A

PLA

 

 

2942

F513

20

46

EA

 

JSR

NUMA

 

2943

F516

88

 

 

 

DEY

 

 

2944

F517

D0

E6

 

 

BNE

PRADR2

 

2945

F519

0E

16

01

PRADR3 ASL

FORMA

 

2946

F51C 90 0E

 

 

BCC

PRADR4

 

2947

F51E BD AC F5

 

LDA

CHAR1-1,X

 

2948

F521

20

BC E9

 

JSR

OUTALL

 

2949

F524

BD B2 F5

 

LDA

CHAR2-1,X

 

2950

F527

F0

03

 

 

BEQ

PRADR4

 

2951

F529

20

BC E9

 

JSR

OUTALL

 

2952

F52C CA

 

 

PRADR4 DEX

 

 

2953

F52D D0 C8

 

 

BNE

PRADR1

 

2954

F52F 60

 

 

 

RTS

 

 

2955

F530

20

4D

F5

RELADR JSR

PCADJ3

 

2956

F533

AA

 

 

 

TAX

 

 

2957

F534

E8

 

 

 

INX

 

 

2958

F535

D0

01

 

 

BNE

PRNTXY

 

2959

F537

C8

 

 

 

INY

 

 

2960

F538

98

 

 

PRNTXY TYA

 

 

2961

F539

4C

42

EA

 

JMP WRAX

;PRINT A &X

2962

F53C AD 26 A4

PRPC

LDA

SAVPC+1

;PRINT PC

2963

F53F AE 25 A4

 

LDX

SAVPC

 

2964

F542

20

42

EA

 

JSR

WRAX

 

2965

F545

A9

20

 

PRBL2

LDA

#' '

 

2966

F547

4C

BC E9

 

JMP

OUTALL

 

2967

F54A A5 EA

 

 

LDA

LENGTH

 

2968

F54C 38

 

 

 

SEC

 

 

2969

F54D AC 26 A4

PCADJ3 LDY

SAVPC+1

;PRG CNTR HIGH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Page 188
Image 188
Apple II manual PRADR2 LDA, Pla, PRADR4 DEX

II specifications

The Apple II, launched in April 1977, was one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It marked a significant leap in personal computing, setting standards for future developments in the industry. Created by Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs, the Apple II differentiated itself with its user-friendly design, appealing aesthetics, and robust capabilities.

One of the standout features of the Apple II was its open architecture, which allowed users to expand and enhance the computer's functionality. This design enabled hundreds of third-party hardware and software developers to contribute to its ecosystem, resulting in an array of peripherals, including printers, modems, and storage devices. The Apple II utilized a MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor running at a clock speed of 1 MHz. Initially equipped with 4 KB of RAM, the machine could be expanded to 48 KB, accommodating more complex applications and programs.

The Apple II was also notable for its colorful graphics. It was one of the first computers to support color display, offering a 6-color palette with a resolution of 280x192 pixels in 16 colors when using its Color Graphics Card. This feature significantly enhanced the visual appeal of games and educational software developed for the platform, making computing more accessible and entertaining for various audiences.

Apple's commitment to user experience was evident in the design of the machine. It featured an integrated keyboard and a plastic case, which was both durable and visually appealing. The self-contained design included drive bays for floppy disk drives, allowing for quicker data access than traditional tape drives. It also supported audio output, enabling sound effects and music, a novelty at the time.

The introduction of the Apple DOS operating system further underscored the machine's capabilities. DOS streamlined file management and made it easier for users to navigate and manage their data. The combination of hardware and software positioned the Apple II as an educational tool and a gaming platform, fostering a vibrant software ecosystem.

The Apple II family continued to evolve, with variations like the Apple II+, IIe, and IIgs being introduced over the years. These iterations brought enhancements in memory, processing power, and graphics capabilities. The legacy of the Apple II endures, not only as a foundational product in personal computing but also as a symbol of innovation that paved the way for future advancements in technology. Its impact is still felt today, as it inspired countless developers and shaped the trajectory of the computer industry.