AMD SC3200 manual Timekeeping Data Format, Daylight Saving, Leap Years, Updating, Method, Alarms

SuperI/O Module 32581C

5.5.2.4Timekeeping

Data Format

Time is kept in BCD or binary format, as determined by bit 2 (DM) of Control Register B (CRB), and in either 12 or 24- hour format, as determined by bit 1 of this register.

Note: When changing the above formats, re-initialize all the time registers.

Daylight Saving

Daylight saving time exceptions are handled automatically, as described in Table 5-20 on page 109.

Leap Years

Leap year exceptions are handled automatically by the internal calendar function. Every four years, February is extended to 29 days.

Updating

The time and calendar registers are updated once per sec- ond regardless of bit 7 (SET) of CRB. Since the time and calendar registers are updated serially, unpredictable results may occur if they are accessed during the update. Therefore, you must ensure that reading or writing to the time storage locations does not coincide with a system update of these locations. There are several methods to avoid this contention.

Method 1

1)Set bit 7 of CRB to 1. This takes a “snapshot” of the internal time registers and loads them into the user copy registers. The user copy registers are seen when accessing the RTC from outside, and are part of the double buffering mechanism. You may keep this bit set for up to 1 second, since the time/calendar chain con- tinue to be updated once per second.

2)Read or write the required registers (since bit 1 is set, you are accessing the user copy registers). If you per- form a read operation, the information you read is cor- rect from the time when bit 1 was set. If you perform a write operation, you write only to the user copy regis- ters.

3)Reset bit 1 to 0. During the transition, the user copy registers update the internal registers, using the dou- ble buffering mechanism to ensure that the update is performed between two time updates. This mecha- nism enables new time parameters to be loaded in the RTC.

Method 2

1)Access the RTC registers after detection of an Update Ended interrupt. This implies that an update has just been completed and 999 ms remain until the next update.

2)To detect an Update Ended interrupt, you may either:

—Poll bit 4 of CRC.

—Use the following interrupt routine:

–Set bit 4 of CRB.

–Wait for an interrupt from interrupt pin.

–Clear the IRQF flag of CRC before exiting the interrupt routine.

Method 3

Poll bit 7 of CRA. The update occurs 244 μs after this bit goes high. Therefore, if a 0 is read, the time registers remain stable for at least 244 μs.

Method 4

Use a periodic interrupt routine to determine if an update cycle is in progress, as follows:

1)Set the periodic interrupt to the desired period.

2)Set bit 6 of CRB to enable the interrupt from periodic interrupt.

3)Wait for the periodic interrupt appearance. This indi- cates that the period represented by the following

expression remains until another update occurs: [(Period of periodic interrupt / 2) + 244 μs]

5.5.2.5Alarms

The timekeeping function can be set to generate an alarm when the current time reaches a stored alarm time. After each RTC time update (every 1 second), the seconds, min- utes, hours, date of month and month counters are com- pared with their corresponding registers in the alarm settings. If equal, bit 5 of CRC is set. If the Alarm Interrupt Enable bit was previously set (CRB bit 5), interrupt request pin is also active.

Any alarm register may be set to “Unconditional Match” by setting bits [7:6] to 11. This combination, not used by any BCD or binary time codes, results in a periodic alarm. The rate of this periodic alarm is determined by the registers that were set to “Unconditional Match”.

For example, if all but the seconds and minutes alarm reg- isters are set to “Unconditional Match”, an interrupt is gen- erated every hour at the specified minute and second. If all but the seconds, minutes and hours alarm registers are set to “Unconditional Match”, an interrupt is generated every day at the specified hour, minute and second.

AMD Geode™ SC3200 Processor Data Book 105