AMD SC3200 Acknowledge After Every Byte Rule, Arbitration on the Bus, Addressing Transfer Formats

SuperI/O Module 32581C

5.7.4Acknowledge After Every Byte Rule

According to this rule, the master generates an acknowl- edge clock pulse after each byte transfer, and the receiver sends an acknowledge signal after every byte received. There are two exceptions to this rule:

•When the master is the receiver, it must indicate to the transmitter the end of data by not acknowledging (nega- tive acknowledge) the last byte clocked out of the slave. This negative acknowledge still includes the acknowl- edge clock pulse (generated by the master), but the ABD line is not pulled down.

•When the receiver is full, otherwise occupied, or a problem has occurred, it sends a negative acknowledge to indicate that it cannot accept additional data bytes.

5.7.6Arbitration on the Bus

Multiple master devices on the bus require arbitration between their conflicting bus access demands. Control of the bus is initially determined according to address bits and clock cycle. If the masters are trying to address the same slave, data comparisons determine the outcome of this arbitration. In master mode, the device immediately aborts a transaction if the value sampled on the ABD line differs from the value driven by the device. (An exception to this rule is ABD while receiving data. The lines may be driven low by the slave without causing an abort.)

The ABC signal is monitored for clock synchronization and to allow the slave to stall the bus. The actual clock period is set by the master with the longest clock period, or by the slave stall period. The clock high period is determined by the master with the shortest clock high period.

5.7.5Addressing Transfer Formats

Each device on the bus has a unique address. Before any data is transmitted, the master transmits the address of the slave being addressed. The slave device should send an acknowledge signal on the ABD line, once it recognizes its address.

The address consists of the first 7 bits after a Start Condi- tion. The direction of the data transfer (R/W#) depends on the bit sent after the address, the eighth bit. A low-to-high transition during a ABC high period indicates the Stop Con- dition, and ends the transaction of ABD (see Figure 5-17).

When the address is sent, each device in the system com- pares this address with its own. If there is a match, the device considers itself addressed and sends an acknowl- edge signal. Depending on the state of the R/W# bit (1 = Read, 0 = Write), the device acts either as a transmitter or a receiver.

The I2C bus protocol allows a general call address to be sent to all slaves connected to the bus. The first byte sent specifies the general call address (00h) and the second byte specifies the meaning of the general call (for example, write slave address by software only). Those slaves that require data acknowledge the call, and become slave receivers; other slaves ignore the call.

ABD

When an abort occurs during the address transmission, a master that identifies the conflict should give up the bus, switch to slave mode and continue to sample ABD to check if it is being addressed by the winning master on the bus.

5.7.7Master Mode

Requesting Bus Mastership

An ACCESS.bus transaction starts with a master device requesting bus mastership. It asserts a Start Condition, fol- lowed by the address of the device it wants to access. If this transaction is successfully completed, the software may assume that the device has become the bus master.

For the device to become the bus master, the software should perform the following steps:

1)Configure ACBCTL1[2] to the desired operation mode. (Polling or Interrupt) and set the ACBCTL1[0]. This causes the ACB to issue a Start Condition on the ACCESS.bus when the ACCESS.bus becomes free (ACBCST[1] is cleared, or other conditions that can delay start). It then stalls the bus by holding ABC low.

2)If a bus conflict is detected (i.e., another device pulls down the ABC signal), the ACBST[5] is set.

3)If there is no bus conflict, ACBST[1] and ACBST[6] are set.

4)If the ACBCTL1[2] is set and either ACBST[5] or ACBST[6] is set, an interrupt is issued.

ABC

1 - 7

8 9

1 - 7

8 9

1 - 7

8

9

P

S

Start

Stop

Address

Data

Condition

R/W ACK

Data

ACK

ACK Condition

Figure 5-17. A Complete ACCESS.bus Data Transaction

AMD Geode™ SC3200 Processor Data Book

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