Network numbering example | Cabletron Systems DMS-100 specs

158Appendix E: Understanding IP and IP addressing

departments. Each department expects to use fewer than 254 host addresses, so the entire third byte of the address is chosen for the subnetwork number. To reserve the third byte for the subnetwork number, they use subnetwork mask 255.255.255.0. Figure 37 on page 158 illustrates this point.

Figure 37 Address mask example

Network node (133.101.1.8)

				Subnet ID				Host	ID
	Class	B		Subnet ID				Host	ID
	network ID

133		101		1				8

+ Subnet mask (255.255.255.0)

Class				Subnet ID				Host ID
Class	B network ID			Subnet ID				Host ID
255		255		255				0

= Subnet network (for example, 133.101.1.0)

				Subnet ID				Host ID
	Class	B net		Subnet ID				Host ID
133				1
133		101		1				0

Network 133.101.1.0 is a subnet of network 131.101.0.0.

There is no ofﬁcial requirement that the subnet mask consist only of contiguous bits. However, in the presence of variable width subnetworks, non- contiguous masks can lead to ambiguous routing when subnet masks partially overlap (such as 255.255.255.0 and 255.255.0.255).

Network numbering example

Figure 38 on page 159 illustrates an example of a simple network numbering scheme for an organization that performs all networking internally. Since, for security reasons, they never expect to attach to the outside world, they use their own set of network numbers. The network has two routers: one for the Corporate Networking group to interconnect non-engineering users, and a second for a large, computer-intensive department, such as Engineering.

297-8991-910 Standard 03.01 August 1999

Image 158

Cabletron Systems DMS-100 manual Network numbering example, Address mask example Network node

Contents

Ethernet Interface Unit Page Ethernet Interface Unit Standard 03.01 August May Publication historyAugust March Vi Publication history Standard 03.01 August Contents EIU messaging protocols Chapter EIU datafill Appendix D Using telnet 141 EIU maintenance 103Appendix C Using FTP 117 Volume listing List of terms 189 Appendix H ASU background information 177Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address 185 List of figures Xii List of tables Xiii Xiv About this document When to use this documentHow to check the version and issue of this document References in this document Internet request for comment documents Xvi Xvii What precautionary messages meanPossible loss of service Risk of electrocution How commands, parameters, and responses are representedRisk of personal injury Input prompt Responses Commands and ﬁxed parametersVariables Standard 03.01 August Introduction to the EIU Possible loss of network security Overview of the EIU System architecture IOC DMS-bus interface and expansionSLM SOS Unix EIU Inter-message switch links required with LPP Data communications interface architecture Ethernet interface data ﬂow LAN Introduction to the EIU UTP PB Hardware descriptionAUI PB Front cards Rear paddle boardsSlot EIU DMS SuperNode switch LPP with an EIU SSLPP, with 2-slot EIU locations Top view of Sslpp shelf Ethernet interface card NT9X84 DMS SuperNode Flis with an EIU LPP NTEX22 CPU/IPF Ethernet physical interfacesAttachment unit interface-NT9X85AA MAU Grounding requirements Capabilities, limitations, and restrictionsUnshielded twisted-pair NT9X85BA EIU hardware capabilities and limitations Introduction to the EIU Limitations associated with maintenance System-wide limitations Limitations associated with protocols Routing information protocol Internet Protocol and Internet Control Message Protocol Feature packagingDMS-Core feature packages Package Title Description NTXF05AA Sheet 2 EIU provisioning requirementsDMS-bus inter-MS provisioning Example of DMS-bus intermessage switch conﬁguration DMS-bus external MS provisioning NT9X17AA NT9X23BA EIU provisioningEIU sparing and redundancy Billing Service ordersUser interface characteristics Possible loss of information Logs, alarms, and OMsAlarms Log reports Introduction to the EIU Standard 03.01 August EIU messaging protocols Shows the structure of the DMS-100 switch EIU protocol stack Software architecture FTS Ethernet FTP Telnet Snmp Bootp RIPTCP UDP Icmp ARP Ethernet LAN Workstation TCP/UDP FTSDMS-bus TCP Boot protocol Supported protocols File transfer protocol Wsls Internet Protocol Telnet User datagram protocol Address resolution protocolTransmission control protocol Internet control message protocol Internet addresses AddressingMAC addresses EIU messaging protocols How to get IP addresses for SuperNode What is the SuperNode network topology? Routing EIU messaging protocols APUX20 LIU7 APX LMSAPUX10 LIU7 Routing tables IP throttling Protocol engineeringIP Screening TCP connection management Subsystem Maximum UDP connections EIU APUUDP connection limits by SuperNode subsystem FTP session control Protocol buffer engineering Receive 1518 Icbm common pool 1024 128 Transmit TCP own IP throttling IP throttling for LPP IP throttling for Sslpp Application Sheet 2 EIU dataﬁll Interdependency and auto-conﬁguration Table Liuinv Link interface unit name Dataﬁll sequence and implicationsTable Liuinv dataﬁll Link interface unit type Link interface unit number Message switch cardMessage switch port Location Processor information Link interface slotSoftware load name Processor product engineering code EIU MAC addresses Sheet 4 Sample dataﬁll for table Liuinv Table IpnetwrkIP addresses Dataﬁll for table Ipnetwrk Ipnetwrk Ethernet interface unit. Enter EIU Computing module Internet ProtocolInternet Protocol network subnet range Ethernet interface unit range. Enter Dfltgtwyip Parm ScrnflagEiuinterface Addr Iomnum Sample dataﬁll for table IpnetwrkGtwyipaddr Packlet Table Iprouter Supplementary information Dataﬁll Table Iphost Ethernet address resolution protocolEthernet proxy address resolution Sample dataﬁll for table Iprouter Nodeidx IndexIndex Node index Node name Node Transmission control Protocol File processor indexInternet porotocol address SuperNode Connections Internet protocol host identification for Support Operating SwitchApplication processor Unix index Cmindex Computing module index Internet protocol address for node EiuindexEthernet interface unit index Lanaddr Eliuindex Second IP address for Eliu host Nodename = MS Apux Sample dataﬁll for table Iphost Message switch indexTable Ipthron Msindex EIU datafill Receive capacity Local message switch nodeTransmit capacity Synchronized and matched node index OptionSuperNode node Application processor unit index Field descriptions for table Ipthron for EIU datafill Table IpprotoSample dataﬁll for table Ipthron Field Subfield or Entry Explanation and action Refinement Arprftmo Sample dataﬁll for table IpprotoIprsmtmo Sample dataﬁll for table Ensites Table EnsitesTable Entypes Alphanumeric Entype Table ExndinvSample dataﬁll for table Entypes External node type Pmloads External node number External node keyExternal node peripheral module type External node name Machine address DMS boot protocolInternet Protocol address External node load file name Bay position Floor numberRow External node information External node alarm scan points External node no-link alarmExternal node one-link alarm Critical alarm scan point Sample dataﬁll for table Exndinv Major alarm scan pointMinor alarm scan point Sheet 5 EIU maintenance 103 Out-of-service diagnostics EIU diagnosticsIn-service state EIU MAP level In-service diagnostics In-service leaky bucket audit EIU overload control EIU sparing requirements Automated system maintenance EIU Eliu Manual system maintenance Logs relevant to EIU OA&M OMs relevant to EIU OA&M Appendix a EIU installation checklist 111 Consult the DMS-100 PM Software Release Document SoftwareNTXF05AA EIU Datafill Appendix B EIU troubleshooting 113 Tools Troubleshooting checklistEIU troubleshooting checklist Problem Probable cause Sheet 2 Appendix B EIU troubleshooting Standard 03.01 August Appendix C Using FTP 117 Where What is FTP?Automatic Record Length Detection DMS FTP cookbook Volume listingFTP on the DMS-100 switch File name conventions DMS FTP client commands FTP commands on the DMS-100 switch Command Description Obtaining the IP address of the SuperNode host Tutorial basic FTP operations Procedure 1 Establishing an FTP session Step ActionWhere Userid Is a valid userID for that host Ftp ‘nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn ’Page Ftp cd ‘/team/bin’ Ftp dirFtp cd pathname Ftp lcd pathname If the file Where Pathname Is a valid directory path ExampleTutorial moving ﬁles Ftp lrecl Ftp lcd ‘/S00DTEMP’If the filename Ftp put ‘RECORDFILE’ ‘jan18.log’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.dmo ’Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.txt54 ’ Ftp cd ‘ /team/bin’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.bin’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.bin1020’ Procedure 7 Showing the status of server sessionsTutorial advanced operations Ftpadduserinfo ‘johnh’ ‘johnh’ ‘/S00DTEMP’ y Procedure 9 Remove a server userID and unreserve a sessionFtp svreserve Ftpdeluserinfo ‘johnh’ Where Userid Is the userID ExampleProcedure 10 Adding a userID with limited set of commands Ftp commandmask mkdir set Procedure 11 Adding a userID with a new command timeout FTP operations reference FtpcommandtimeoutFtpcommandmask WS cd /pathname WS ftp IPaddressWS pwd WS lcd /directory WS site Lrecl WS asciiWS get filename WS put filename Newfilename CM Ftpopen ‘IPaddress’ WSput filename.image FilenameWS put filename.sosimage Filenameunipl CM FTP ‘IPaddress’ CM lcd CM cd ‘pathname’CM lcd ‘/PATHNAME’ CM ls CM get ‘filename.load68k’ CM put filenameCM binary CM get ‘filename.bin1020’ Appendix D Using telnet 141 Telnet access to a switch Table Ipnetwrk Appendix D Using telnet Standard 03.01 August 145 What is internetworking?Appendix E Understanding IP and IP addressing What is routing? Routing and routed protocols Planning overview Mapping the network Simple network map Detailed network diagram Choosing IP addresses IP address structure Class Range Description Class Range Description IP addressing class a Subnet mask class a Class a subnet masks IP addressing class B Subnet mask class B Class B subnet masks IP addressing class C Address masks IP addressing class D Network numbering example Address mask example Network node Firewalls and network security Simple network numbering Variable-width subnetworks Protocols related to Internet Protocol Internet control message protocol Proxy ARP Bootstrap ProtocolReverse ARP Inverse ARP Open shortest path ﬁrst Page Appendix F EIU supported conﬁgurations 165 Host conﬁguration Router conﬁgurations Host and router conﬁguration Interface conﬁguration part Subnet ClassA .networkidB .subnetX .hostZ 47.105.150.3 Considerations for obtaining IP addresses Appendix G IP network number requestsOverview 171 Your Application Must be Typed NIC IP network number request formNIC IP address request form Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Appendix G IP network number requests Standard 03.01 August Link interface unit Application-speciﬁc units and supported servicesAppendix H ASU background information Ethernet interface unit Frame relay interface unit 25/X.75 link interface unit ASUs and Cellular digital packet data Network interface unitVoice processor unit and Adas Link peripheral processor PlatformsExternal routers LPP architecture ASU Single-shelf link peripheral processor On page 183 provides an overview of the Sslpp conﬁguration SuperNode SE link interface shelf Sslpp architecture SNSE-LIS architecture Shelf 185 Appendix I Obtaining a MAC addressMAC address format EIU MAC address format How to get the MAC address for an EIU Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address Standard 03.01 August List of terms 189 List of terms LIS MTP List of terms UDP Page Ethernet Interface Unit