Internet control message protocol | Cabletron Systems DMS-100

Appendix E: Understanding IP and IP addressing 161

Internet control message protocol

The Internet control message protocol (ICMP) provides feedback from an IP router or gateway to a source host. ICMP messages are sent in several situations—for example, to report resource or routing problems or to report a shorter available route to a destination. The DMS-100 switch uses ICMP echoes and echo replies to verify the reachability of routers or end systems. ICMP supports redirect messages to provide routine table updates.

ICMP is deﬁned in RFC792.

Transmission control protocol

Transmission control protocol (TCP) is a connection-oriented transport-layer protocol. It provides reliable, robust, and adaptable data transfer between end- system upper layer protocols. TCP assumes that simple, potentially unreliable, datagram services are available from lower-level protocols.

TCP is deﬁned in RFC793.

User datagram protocol

User datagram protocol (UDP) deﬁnes the use of unacknowledged datagrams. UDP packets are often used for very low-priority data or on very high- reliability networks. UDP is also used when an application already provides an integrity function and does not need to duplicate that function by using TCP.

UDP is deﬁned in RFC768.

Address resolution protocol

The address resolution protocol (ARP) is a mechanism for mapping 32-bit IP addresses to 48-bit Ethernet hardware addresses. The hardware address is a concatenation, or joining, of two numbers:

•a vendor ID number, centrally assigned by the IEEE

•a unique serial number, the media access control (MAC) address, is assigned by the hardware vendor (see “Appendix I: Obtaining a MAC address”).

The MAC address usually has signiﬁcance only on the local LAN wire.

The EIU implementation of ARP supports the following features:

•removal of out-of-date ARP cache data

•conﬁgurable cache data time-out

•encapsulation between Ethernet and IEEE 802.3 networks

ARP is supported on Ethernet, FDDI, token ring and frame relay media.

DMS-100 Family EIU User Guide TELECOM12

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Cabletron Systems DMS-100 manual Internet control message protocol

Contents

Ethernet Interface Unit Page Ethernet Interface Unit Standard 03.01 August August Publication historyMay March Vi Publication history Standard 03.01 August Contents Chapter EIU datafill EIU messaging protocols Appendix C Using FTP 117 EIU maintenance 103Appendix D Using telnet 141 Volume listing List of terms 189 Appendix H ASU background information 177Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address 185 List of figures Xii Xiii List of tables Xiv How to check the version and issue of this document When to use this documentAbout this document References in this document Xvi Internet request for comment documents Xvii What precautionary messages meanPossible loss of service Risk of personal injury How commands, parameters, and responses are representedRisk of electrocution Input prompt Responses Commands and ﬁxed parametersVariables Standard 03.01 August Possible loss of network security Introduction to the EIU Overview of the EIU System architecture SLM DMS-bus interface and expansionIOC SOS Unix EIU Data communications interface architecture Inter-message switch links required with LPP LAN Ethernet interface data ﬂow Introduction to the EIU UTP PB Hardware descriptionAUI PB Front cards Rear paddle boardsSlot EIU SSLPP, with 2-slot EIU locations Top view of Sslpp shelf DMS SuperNode switch LPP with an EIU DMS SuperNode Flis with an EIU Ethernet interface card NT9X84 Attachment unit interface-NT9X85AA Ethernet physical interfacesLPP NTEX22 CPU/IPF MAU Grounding requirements Capabilities, limitations, and restrictionsUnshielded twisted-pair NT9X85BA EIU hardware capabilities and limitations Introduction to the EIU System-wide limitations Limitations associated with maintenance Routing information protocol Limitations associated with protocols DMS-Core feature packages Package Title Description Feature packagingInternet Protocol and Internet Control Message Protocol NTXF05AA Sheet 2 EIU provisioning requirementsDMS-bus inter-MS provisioning DMS-bus external MS provisioning Example of DMS-bus intermessage switch conﬁguration NT9X17AA NT9X23BA EIU provisioningEIU sparing and redundancy Billing Service ordersUser interface characteristics Alarms Logs, alarms, and OMsPossible loss of information Log reports Introduction to the EIU Standard 03.01 August EIU messaging protocols Software architecture Shows the structure of the DMS-100 switch EIU protocol stack FTS Ethernet FTP Telnet Snmp Bootp RIPTCP UDP Icmp ARP DMS-bus TCP/UDP FTSEthernet LAN Workstation TCP Supported protocols Boot protocol File transfer protocol Wsls Telnet Internet Protocol Transmission control protocol Address resolution protocolUser datagram protocol Internet control message protocol Internet addresses AddressingMAC addresses EIU messaging protocols What is the SuperNode network topology? How to get IP addresses for SuperNode Routing EIU messaging protocols APUX20 LIU7 APX LMSAPUX10 LIU7 Routing tables IP Screening Protocol engineeringIP throttling TCP connection management Subsystem Maximum UDP connections EIU APUUDP connection limits by SuperNode subsystem Protocol buffer engineering FTP session control Receive 1518 Icbm common pool 1024 128 Transmit TCP own IP throttling for LPP IP throttling Application Sheet 2 IP throttling for Sslpp EIU dataﬁll Table Liuinv Interdependency and auto-conﬁguration Table Liuinv dataﬁll Dataﬁll sequence and implicationsLink interface unit name Link interface unit type Message switch port Message switch cardLink interface unit number Location Software load name Link interface slotProcessor information Processor product engineering code Sheet 4 EIU MAC addresses Sample dataﬁll for table Liuinv Table IpnetwrkIP addresses Ipnetwrk Dataﬁll for table Ipnetwrk Internet Protocol network subnet range Computing module Internet ProtocolEthernet interface unit. Enter EIU Ethernet interface unit range. Enter Eiuinterface Parm ScrnflagDfltgtwyip Addr Gtwyipaddr Sample dataﬁll for table IpnetwrkIomnum Packlet Supplementary information Table Iprouter Dataﬁll Ethernet proxy address resolution Ethernet address resolution protocolTable Iphost Sample dataﬁll for table Iprouter Index IndexNodeidx Node index Node Node name Internet porotocol address SuperNode File processor indexTransmission control Protocol Connections Internet protocol host identification for Support Operating SwitchApplication processor Unix index Computing module index Cmindex Ethernet interface unit index EiuindexInternet protocol address for node Lanaddr Second IP address for Eliu host Eliuindex Apux Nodename = MS Table Ipthron Message switch indexSample dataﬁll for table Iphost Msindex EIU datafill Receive capacity Local message switch nodeTransmit capacity SuperNode node OptionSynchronized and matched node index Application processor unit index Sample dataﬁll for table Ipthron Table IpprotoField descriptions for table Ipthron for EIU datafill Field Subfield or Entry Explanation and action Refinement Arprftmo Sample dataﬁll for table IpprotoIprsmtmo Table Entypes Table EnsitesSample dataﬁll for table Ensites Alphanumeric Sample dataﬁll for table Entypes Table ExndinvEntype External node type Pmloads External node peripheral module type External node keyExternal node number External node name Internet Protocol address DMS boot protocolMachine address External node load file name Row Floor numberBay position External node information External node one-link alarm External node no-link alarmExternal node alarm scan points Critical alarm scan point Minor alarm scan point Major alarm scan pointSample dataﬁll for table Exndinv Sheet 5 103 EIU maintenance In-service state EIU diagnosticsOut-of-service diagnostics EIU MAP level In-service leaky bucket audit In-service diagnostics EIU overload control EIU sparing requirements EIU Eliu Automated system maintenance Manual system maintenance OMs relevant to EIU OA&M Logs relevant to EIU OA&M 111 Appendix a EIU installation checklist NTXF05AA EIU SoftwareConsult the DMS-100 PM Software Release Document Datafill 113 Appendix B EIU troubleshooting Tools Troubleshooting checklistEIU troubleshooting checklist Problem Probable cause Sheet 2 Appendix B EIU troubleshooting Standard 03.01 August 117 Appendix C Using FTP Where What is FTP?Automatic Record Length Detection DMS FTP on the DMS-100 switch Volume listingFTP cookbook File name conventions FTP commands on the DMS-100 switch Command Description DMS FTP client commands Obtaining the IP address of the SuperNode host Where Userid Is a valid userID for that host Procedure 1 Establishing an FTP session Step ActionTutorial basic FTP operations Ftp ‘nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn ’Page Ftp cd pathname Ftp dirFtp cd ‘/team/bin’ Ftp lcd pathname If the file Where Pathname Is a valid directory path ExampleTutorial moving ﬁles Ftp lrecl Ftp lcd ‘/S00DTEMP’If the filename Ftp put ‘RECORDFILE’ ‘jan18.log’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.dmo ’Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.txt54 ’ Ftp cd ‘ /team/bin’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.bin’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.bin1020’ Procedure 7 Showing the status of server sessionsTutorial advanced operations Ftpadduserinfo ‘johnh’ ‘johnh’ ‘/S00DTEMP’ y Procedure 9 Remove a server userID and unreserve a sessionFtp svreserve Ftpdeluserinfo ‘johnh’ Where Userid Is the userID ExampleProcedure 10 Adding a userID with limited set of commands Procedure 11 Adding a userID with a new command timeout Ftp commandmask mkdir set FTP operations reference FtpcommandtimeoutFtpcommandmask WS pwd WS ftp IPaddressWS cd /pathname WS lcd /directory WS get filename WS asciiWS site Lrecl WS put filename Newfilename WS put filename.sosimage Filenameunipl WSput filename.image FilenameCM Ftpopen ‘IPaddress’ CM FTP ‘IPaddress’ CM lcd ‘/PATHNAME’ CM cd ‘pathname’CM lcd CM ls CM binary CM put filenameCM get ‘filename.load68k’ CM get ‘filename.bin1020’ 141 Appendix D Using telnet Telnet access to a switch Table Ipnetwrk Appendix D Using telnet Standard 03.01 August 145 What is internetworking?Appendix E Understanding IP and IP addressing Routing and routed protocols What is routing? Mapping the network Planning overview Simple network map Choosing IP addresses Detailed network diagram Class Range Description IP address structure Class Range Description IP addressing class a Subnet mask class a Class a subnet masks IP addressing class B Subnet mask class B Class B subnet masks IP addressing class C IP addressing class D Address masks Address mask example Network node Network numbering example Simple network numbering Firewalls and network security Protocols related to Internet Protocol Variable-width subnetworks Internet control message protocol Reverse ARP Bootstrap ProtocolProxy ARP Inverse ARP Open shortest path ﬁrst Page 165 Appendix F EIU supported conﬁgurations Host conﬁguration Router conﬁgurations Host and router conﬁguration Interface conﬁguration part Subnet ClassA .networkidB .subnetX .hostZ 47.105.150.3 Overview Appendix G IP network number requestsConsiderations for obtaining IP addresses 171 Your Application Must be Typed NIC IP network number request formNIC IP address request form Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Appendix G IP network number requests Standard 03.01 August Appendix H ASU background information Application-speciﬁc units and supported servicesLink interface unit Ethernet interface unit 25/X.75 link interface unit Frame relay interface unit ASUs and Cellular digital packet data Network interface unitVoice processor unit and Adas Link peripheral processor PlatformsExternal routers ASU LPP architecture On page 183 provides an overview of the Sslpp conﬁguration Single-shelf link peripheral processor Sslpp architecture SuperNode SE link interface shelf Shelf SNSE-LIS architecture 185 Appendix I Obtaining a MAC addressMAC address format EIU MAC address format How to get the MAC address for an EIU Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address Standard 03.01 August 189 List of terms List of terms LIS MTP List of terms UDP Page Ethernet Interface Unit