Routing tables | Cabletron Systems DMS-100 manual

60Chapter 2: EIU messaging protocols

Routing tables

The IP routing table structure is brieﬂy explained here. The knowledge of IP routing tables is critical in understanding SuperNode IP routing issues.

The SuperNode IP routing information is organized locally on all hosts in two separate tables. One table determines a routeset from a given destination IP address. An example of this table is shown in table 3. A second table is used to determine the actual next hop IP address from the routeset derived from the ﬁrst table. An example of this table is shown in table 4.

Table 3 IP routing table

Destination	Subnet Mask	Routeset	Type of Route	Subnet

47.12.0.0	255.255.240.0	{1, 0, 0, 0, 0}	Gateway	SuperNode

47.148.0.0	255.255.240.0	{2, 0, 0, 0, 0}	Gateway	SuperNode

0.0.0.0	0.0.0.0	{2, 1, 0, 0, 0}	Default	SuperNode

These two tables are not dataﬁlled through table control, rather they are derived from control dataﬁll in tables IPNETWRK, IPROUTER, and IPHOST. Further, these two tables may contain entries from dynamically learned routes either from RIP on the EIU or from ICMP redirect messages on other nodes.

Table 4 IP route list table

Index	Type of route list	Node	Status	Address

1	Router	EIU 132 * Primary	InSv	47.64.64.4

2	Router-Host	EIU 131	OutSv	47.64.64.2
		EIU 133	InSv	47.64.64.5
		EIU 205 * Primary	InSv	47.64.64.3

Each routing-table entry (see table 3) contains a destination IP address, IP address subnet mask, list of route lists (routeset) that reach the destination IP, and other ﬁelds that indicate type of route and subnet type. The IP routing algorithm is used to determine the routeset that can reach the destination IP address.

Each route list table entry (see table 4) contains one route list. The route list is composed of a list of routers that share common router characteristics. For instance, all EIU IP routers conﬁgured on the same LAN are grouped in one route list. The primary router is determined in each route list entry. For a given host node, the primary router is the EIU that packets are sent to. The primary

297-8991-910 Standard 03.01 August 1999

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Cabletron Systems DMS-100 manual Routing tables

Contents

Ethernet Interface Unit Page Ethernet Interface Unit Standard 03.01 August Publication history AugustMay March Vi Publication history Standard 03.01 August Contents EIU messaging protocols Chapter EIU datafill EIU maintenance 103 Appendix C Using FTP 117Appendix D Using telnet 141 Volume listing Appendix H ASU background information 177 Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address 185List of terms 189 List of figures Xii List of tables Xiii Xiv When to use this document How to check the version and issue of this documentAbout this document References in this document Internet request for comment documents Xvi What precautionary messages mean Possible loss of serviceXvii How commands, parameters, and responses are represented Risk of personal injuryRisk of electrocution Input prompt Commands and ﬁxed parameters VariablesResponses Standard 03.01 August Introduction to the EIU Possible loss of network security Overview of the EIU System architecture DMS-bus interface and expansion SLMIOC SOS Unix EIU Inter-message switch links required with LPP Data communications interface architecture Ethernet interface data ﬂow LAN Introduction to the EIU Hardware description AUI PBUTP PB Rear paddle boards Slot EIUFront cards DMS SuperNode switch LPP with an EIU SSLPP, with 2-slot EIU locations Top view of Sslpp shelf Ethernet interface card NT9X84 DMS SuperNode Flis with an EIU Ethernet physical interfaces Attachment unit interface-NT9X85AALPP NTEX22 CPU/IPF MAU Capabilities, limitations, and restrictions Unshielded twisted-pair NT9X85BAGrounding requirements EIU hardware capabilities and limitations Introduction to the EIU Limitations associated with maintenance System-wide limitations Limitations associated with protocols Routing information protocol Feature packaging DMS-Core feature packages Package Title DescriptionInternet Protocol and Internet Control Message Protocol NTXF05AA EIU provisioning requirements DMS-bus inter-MS provisioningSheet 2 Example of DMS-bus intermessage switch conﬁguration DMS-bus external MS provisioning EIU provisioning EIU sparing and redundancyNT9X17AA NT9X23BA Service orders User interface characteristicsBilling Logs, alarms, and OMs AlarmsPossible loss of information Log reports Introduction to the EIU Standard 03.01 August EIU messaging protocols Shows the structure of the DMS-100 switch EIU protocol stack Software architecture FTP Telnet Snmp Bootp RIP TCP UDP Icmp ARPFTS Ethernet TCP/UDP FTS DMS-busEthernet LAN Workstation TCP Boot protocol Supported protocols File transfer protocol Wsls Internet Protocol Telnet Address resolution protocol Transmission control protocolUser datagram protocol Internet control message protocol Addressing MAC addressesInternet addresses EIU messaging protocols How to get IP addresses for SuperNode What is the SuperNode network topology? Routing EIU messaging protocols APX LMS APUX10 LIU7APUX20 LIU7 Routing tables Protocol engineering IP ScreeningIP throttling TCP connection management EIU APU UDP connection limits by SuperNode subsystemSubsystem Maximum UDP connections FTP session control Protocol buffer engineering Receive 1518 Icbm common pool 1024 128 Transmit TCP own IP throttling IP throttling for LPP IP throttling for Sslpp Application Sheet 2 EIU dataﬁll Interdependency and auto-conﬁguration Table Liuinv Dataﬁll sequence and implications Table Liuinv dataﬁllLink interface unit name Link interface unit type Message switch card Message switch portLink interface unit number Location Link interface slot Software load nameProcessor information Processor product engineering code EIU MAC addresses Sheet 4 Table Ipnetwrk IP addressesSample dataﬁll for table Liuinv Dataﬁll for table Ipnetwrk Ipnetwrk Computing module Internet Protocol Internet Protocol network subnet rangeEthernet interface unit. Enter EIU Ethernet interface unit range. Enter Parm Scrnflag EiuinterfaceDfltgtwyip Addr Sample dataﬁll for table Ipnetwrk GtwyipaddrIomnum Packlet Table Iprouter Supplementary information Dataﬁll Ethernet address resolution protocol Ethernet proxy address resolutionTable Iphost Sample dataﬁll for table Iprouter Index IndexNodeidx Node index Node name Node File processor index Internet porotocol address SuperNodeTransmission control Protocol Connections Support Operating Switch Application processor Unix indexInternet protocol host identification for Cmindex Computing module index Eiuindex Ethernet interface unit indexInternet protocol address for node Lanaddr Eliuindex Second IP address for Eliu host Nodename = MS Apux Message switch index Table IpthronSample dataﬁll for table Iphost Msindex EIU datafill Local message switch node Transmit capacityReceive capacity Option SuperNode nodeSynchronized and matched node index Application processor unit index Table Ipproto Sample dataﬁll for table IpthronField descriptions for table Ipthron for EIU datafill Field Subfield or Entry Explanation and action Refinement Sample dataﬁll for table Ipproto IprsmtmoArprftmo Table Ensites Table EntypesSample dataﬁll for table Ensites Alphanumeric Table Exndinv Sample dataﬁll for table EntypesEntype External node type Pmloads External node key External node peripheral module typeExternal node number External node name DMS boot protocol Internet Protocol addressMachine address External node load file name Floor number RowBay position External node information External node no-link alarm External node one-link alarmExternal node alarm scan points Critical alarm scan point Major alarm scan point Minor alarm scan pointSample dataﬁll for table Exndinv Sheet 5 EIU maintenance 103 EIU diagnostics In-service stateOut-of-service diagnostics EIU MAP level In-service diagnostics In-service leaky bucket audit EIU overload control EIU sparing requirements Automated system maintenance EIU Eliu Manual system maintenance Logs relevant to EIU OA&M OMs relevant to EIU OA&M Appendix a EIU installation checklist 111 Software NTXF05AA EIUConsult the DMS-100 PM Software Release Document Datafill Appendix B EIU troubleshooting 113 Troubleshooting checklist EIU troubleshooting checklist Problem Probable causeTools Sheet 2 Appendix B EIU troubleshooting Standard 03.01 August Appendix C Using FTP 117 What is FTP? Automatic Record Length DetectionWhere DMS Volume listing FTP on the DMS-100 switchFTP cookbook File name conventions DMS FTP client commands FTP commands on the DMS-100 switch Command Description Obtaining the IP address of the SuperNode host Procedure 1 Establishing an FTP session Step Action Where Userid Is a valid userID for that hostTutorial basic FTP operations Ftp ‘nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn ’Page Ftp dir Ftp cd pathnameFtp cd ‘/team/bin’ Ftp lcd pathname Where Pathname Is a valid directory path Example Tutorial moving ﬁlesIf the file Ftp lcd ‘/S00DTEMP’ If the filenameFtp lrecl Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.dmo ’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.txt54 ’Ftp put ‘RECORDFILE’ ‘jan18.log’ Ftp cd ‘ /team/bin’ Ftp get ‘ﬁle1.bin’ Procedure 7 Showing the status of server sessions Tutorial advanced operationsFtp get ‘ﬁle1.bin1020’ Procedure 9 Remove a server userID and unreserve a session Ftp svreserveFtpadduserinfo ‘johnh’ ‘johnh’ ‘/S00DTEMP’ y Where Userid Is the userID Example Procedure 10 Adding a userID with limited set of commandsFtpdeluserinfo ‘johnh’ Ftp commandmask mkdir set Procedure 11 Adding a userID with a new command timeout Ftpcommandtimeout FtpcommandmaskFTP operations reference WS ftp IPaddress WS pwdWS cd /pathname WS lcd /directory WS ascii WS get filenameWS site Lrecl WS put filename Newfilename WSput filename.image Filename WS put filename.sosimage FilenameuniplCM Ftpopen ‘IPaddress’ CM FTP ‘IPaddress’ CM cd ‘pathname’ CM lcd ‘/PATHNAME’CM lcd CM ls CM put filename CM binaryCM get ‘filename.load68k’ CM get ‘filename.bin1020’ Appendix D Using telnet 141 Telnet access to a switch Table Ipnetwrk Appendix D Using telnet Standard 03.01 August What is internetworking? Appendix E Understanding IP and IP addressing145 What is routing? Routing and routed protocols Planning overview Mapping the network Simple network map Detailed network diagram Choosing IP addresses IP address structure Class Range Description Class Range Description IP addressing class a Subnet mask class a Class a subnet masks IP addressing class B Subnet mask class B Class B subnet masks IP addressing class C Address masks IP addressing class D Network numbering example Address mask example Network node Firewalls and network security Simple network numbering Variable-width subnetworks Protocols related to Internet Protocol Internet control message protocol Bootstrap Protocol Reverse ARPProxy ARP Inverse ARP Open shortest path ﬁrst Page Appendix F EIU supported conﬁgurations 165 Host conﬁguration Router conﬁgurations Host and router conﬁguration Interface conﬁguration part Subnet ClassA .networkidB .subnetX .hostZ 47.105.150.3 Appendix G IP network number requests OverviewConsiderations for obtaining IP addresses 171 NIC IP network number request form NIC IP address request formYour Application Must be Typed Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Appendix G IP network number requests Standard 03.01 August Application-speciﬁc units and supported services Appendix H ASU background informationLink interface unit Ethernet interface unit Frame relay interface unit 25/X.75 link interface unit Network interface unit Voice processor unit and AdasASUs and Cellular digital packet data Platforms External routersLink peripheral processor LPP architecture ASU Single-shelf link peripheral processor On page 183 provides an overview of the Sslpp conﬁguration SuperNode SE link interface shelf Sslpp architecture SNSE-LIS architecture Shelf Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address MAC address format185 EIU MAC address format How to get the MAC address for an EIU Appendix I Obtaining a MAC address Standard 03.01 August List of terms 189 List of terms LIS MTP List of terms UDP Page Ethernet Interface Unit