Nortel Networks 1005r To run the ping command from Windows, Tracert command, How tracert works

June 2007 Using Windows online diagnostic tools

To run the ping command from Windows

1Click Start > Programs > Accessories > Command Prompt. Result: The Command Prompt dialog box appears.

2Type ping <destination IP address> (for example, ping 200.286.32.0) or ping <computer name>.

3Press Enter.

Result: The system displays the ping results.

4Type Exit to exit the Command Prompt dialog box and return to Windows.

The tracert command

This utility determines the route taken to a destination.

How tracert works

The tracert utility follows several steps to complete its task:

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Tracert sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo packets with varying Time-To-Live (TTL) values to the destination.

Each router along the path must decrement the TTL on a packet by at least 1 before forwarding it, so the TTL is effectively a hop count.

When the TTL on a packet reaches 0, the router sends back an ICMP Time Exceeded message to the source system.

Tracert determines the route by sending the first echo packet with a TTL of 1, and incrementing the TTL by 1 each subsequent transmission until the target responds or the maximum TTL is reached.

Tracert then examines the ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent back by intermediate routers.

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