About mixdown and bouncing | Yamaha AW2400 specs

Chapter 8

Mixdown and bounce operations

This chapter explains mixdown operations, in which you mix previously- recorded tracks and record the result on the stereo track. This chapter also explains how bouncing (ping-pong recording), in which you combine multiple tracks into one to four tracks.

About mixdown and bouncing

“Mixdown” is the process by which the signals recorded on the recorder tracks are mixed to ste- reo, and recorded on the internal stereo track to complete the song. The contents of the stereo track can be used without further processing as material to create an audio CD.

The diagram below shows the signal ﬂow during mix- down. The playback of each track is sent to the stereo bus, passes through the stereo output channel, and is recorded on the stereo track. At this time you can also add the sig- nals from input channels.

8

operations

●Signal ﬂow during mixdown

[MIC/LINE

INPUT]

jacks
Input channels	Track channels

			Recorder section


				Track 1
				Track 1
				Track 2
				Track 2
				Track 3		Effect
				Track 3		Effect
				Track 4		send
				Track 4

				Track 5

Internal Effects

Effect return channels

Stereo

track

Stereo output channel

Mixdown and bounce

Effect

return

Stereo bus

Mixer section

AW2400 Owner’s Manual

73

Image 73

Yamaha AW2400 owner manual About mixdown and bouncing, Signal ﬂow during mixdown

Contents

Page Important Notice for the United Kingdom FCC Information U.S.A Important Safety Instructions Precautions Connections Laser properties of the Drive Label shown below is located on the rear of this product Internal Hard Disk Precautions Contents AUX Midi Introduction Before you startRemember to back up your data About the built-inCD-RW drive Using the CD-RW drive Using the CD-RW driveAbout the built-in CD-RW drive Handling Installing an optional card Installing an optional cardInstalling an optional card Available optional cards Before you start Plenty of input channels with professional features Features of the AW2400Introducing the AW2400 Mixer section Recorder section AW2400 terminology Connecting to a ComputerRecorder section CD-RW drive Locate points/markers Mixer sectionChannels Mixing Layers Overall Top panel Parts of the AW2400 and what they doParts of the AW2400 and what they do Work Navigate section Analog Input sectionQuick Navigate section Display section On keys Stereo on key SEL keys Stereo SEL keyFaders Stereo fader Monitor section Selected Channel sectionScene/Automix/USB section Locate/Number section Data entry/control section Remote key Layer section Transport section Locate section Rear panel Slot Front panel Basic operation of the AW2400 Switching a button on/off Accessing a screen/pagePress the key or knob for the desired screen F1-F4 keys correspond to the tabs as follows Entering text Using the Locate Keys To Enter Characters & Numbers Using the Selected Channel section Switching Mixing Layers DYN Selected Key Lit Knob Dynamics Screen Introducing the AW2400 Connection Connection and Setup Turning the power on Turning the power on/offTurning the power off shut down Turning the power on/off Adjusting the input level Adjusting the input levelMIC/LINE Input XLR jacks MIC/LINE Input TRS phone jacks Input channel input levels are displayed at the top Loading the demo song Listening to the demo songPress the Work Navigate section Song key Song list Demo song will begin playing Playing the demo songTo stop the song, press the Stop key Playing the demo song Recording to a sound clip Signal ﬂow when using a sound clipRecording a sound clip Mixer section Time signature TempoMetronome button Metronome knob Press the Play key to hear the recorded sound clip Playing a sound clipSpecifying the End point Playing a sound clip Recording to a sound clip Creating a new song Track recordingMove the cursor to the NEW button and press the Enter key Carry over from the current song, move Select the buttons of the items you want toCursor to the OK button, and press Direct recording Direct recording and Mixed recordingDirect recording and Mixed recording MIC/LINE Input jacks Stereo Output Channel Mixed recordingBus Display will appear as shown here Assigning input signals to tracks Direct recording To Adjust Pan To Adjust Volume/BalanceRaise the Stereo fader to the 0 dB posi- tion This completes the patch setup for direct recording Monitor signal ﬂow during recording Assigning input signals to tracks Mixed recording Set the input channel 1-8 faders as required Press the SEL keys for the record-desti- nation tracks To stop recording, press the Stop key Recording on a trackDirect recording and Mixed recording Recording on a track If you want to redo the recording, press the UNDO/REDO key Saving the current songMove the cursor to the Save button and press the Enter key Recording on a track Saving the current song Pairing channels Monitor screen used for channel pairing PairingPopup window will appear, asking you to conﬁrm Popup window contains the same items as EQ settings are available via this Applying EQ To an Input SignalApplying EQ To an Input Signal Repeat steps 5 and 6 to set all bands as required Compressor settings are available via this Applying Compression to an Input SignalApplying Compression to an Input Signal Dynamics screen will appear Activating the metronome and setting the tempo and vol- ume Using the MetronomeHandy Recording Functions Popup window conﬁrming the recall operation will appear Tempo map events Switching virtual tracksTempo can be set from 30 to 250 BPM Time signature can be set from 1/4 to 8/4 Press and hold the UNDO/REDO key Using the Undo ListUndo List popup window will appear Undo list Overdubbing Signal ﬂow when overdubbingAbout overdubbing Input jacks Track Assigning the input signal to a track Assigning the input signal to a track Adjust the pan in the same way for the other track channels Setting the mix balance and panSetting the mix balance and pan Recording will begin OverdubbingOverdubbing Manual punch-in/out Punch-in/outPunch-in/out To rehearse the auto punch-in/out, press the Play key Following diagram shows the auto punch-in/out procedure Overdubbing About mixdown and bouncing Signal ﬂow during mixdown Bouncing differs from mixdown in the following ways Signal ﬂow during bouncingAbout mixdown and bouncing Digital Mixdown procedure Hint Mastering Library popup window will appear Save the song Meter screen Master page will appear Playing back the stereo track Switch the ST TR Mode ON/OFF button onPlaying back the stereo track Play Track Bounce ping-pong recording procedureReturn Record Track Bus 1 and Bus 2 output levels Bounce ping-pong recording procedure Fader Group assignments Convenient functions for mixdown/bounce Repeat steps 2-3 to make assignments for other mute groups Mute Group assignmentsButtons E-H can be turned on/off independently Operate a channel that is assigned to a mute group Using the Solo function To defeat the Solo function, press the Solo key once again Mixdown and bounce operations Transport Section Keys Transport/Locate OperationMove To a Speciﬁed Location Enter the locate point in measures/beats Using the locator Locate points correspond to the following keys Using the locatorDisplayed Character Locate Type Number Using markers Using markersYou can assign markers while the song is playing or stopped Press the Mark key Adjusting the position of a locate point or marker List Adjusting the position of a markerMarkers Erasing a locate point Erasing a locate point or markerErasing a marker Current location Song track Nudge time Track Finding a location while viewing the waveformScale AMP Finding a location while viewing the waveform Level Meter Types Meters Peak Hold button Meter screen Output page F4 keyLevel Meter Types Input signal patching Patching and signal ﬂowPatching for Direct Recording Or by pressing the F1 key after pressing 11 the Record key Remain Input signal patchingDirect OUT Multi Connection ON/OFF button 101 Indication in the screen will be as follows This area indicates the connection status of tracks 1 Patching for Mixed RecordingThis indicates the remaining recordable time 102 For details on recording, refer to Track recording → p Proceed with recording103 Omni OUT Assign ﬁeld Output signal patchingOption I/O Slot OUT Assign ﬁeld ST OUT Assign ﬁeld Input channels Channel OperationTrack channels Effect return channels 105 Phase button, Gate button Channel Pair IndicatorInitialize button ATT button, EQ button Insert EFF CompBUS1, BUS2, ST REC TR Calling the Channel Library screen Channel Library OperationEQ/COMP Source Channel Move the cursor to the Store button and press the Enter key Storing Channel Library settings109 Move the cursor to the Clear button and press the Enter key Erasing Channel Library settingsPopup window conﬁrming the clear operation will appear Adjusting AUX send levels via AUX screen AUX Send Level AdjustmentAbout the AUX buses 111 112 Adjusting AUX send levels via Selected Channel section This assigns the AUX1 bus signal to Omni OUT jack Using external effects with the AUX busesAUX1 screen will appear Press the Display section F2 key to dis- play the Track EQ key so that its indicator lights, then Signal Flow When Using an External Effect ProcessorPress the Selected Channel section PAN Fully left and right, respectively About the Internal Effects EffectsEffect Sends and Returns Channel Insertion Library setting will be recalled Recalling Effect Library settingsEffect screen will appear Press the Display section F4 key to call the FX Lib. Effect screen FX Input Input ﬁeld Applying Effects via Send and ReturnEffect screen FX Track Track ﬁeld 117 Effect screen FX Edit page will appear Select PRE for pre-fader or Post for post-fader send118 Inserting an Effect Into a Channel Signal ﬂow for the selected channel will be dis- playedPopup window includes the following items 119 Internal effect inserted pre-EQ input channel Signal ﬂow is as followsExternal effect inserted pre-EQ Input channel 120 Name Editing EffectsType Used AS Call the Effect Library Screen Effect Library OperationsChanging Effect Library Names 122 Erasing Effect Library settings Storing Effect Library settingsTo actually erase the selected setting move Cursor to the OK button and press Enter key 123 124 Correcting a Vocal Track Pitch FixCorrecting a Vocal Track Pitch Fix Pitch FIX ﬁeld This will select the Pitch FIX displayControl ﬁeld Parameters ﬁeld FIX Note ﬁeld Master Tuning ﬁeldMove the cursor to the Exit button and press Enter 126 About the AW2400’s tracks Track operations and editing127 About audio tracks Audio track operationsViewing all audio tracks Muting a speciﬁc audio track Switching the virtual track of an audio trackVirtual track name Indicates the track number Editing virtual track names for an audio track Stereo track operationsAbout the stereo track Edited name will be applied Playing back the stereo track Recording on the stereo track131 Editing the name of a virtual track for the stereo track Switching the virtual track of the stereo track132 About Trigger Track Trigger Track Function133 Trigger Track Function Trigger button Normal buttonGroup Fader Start button Editing tracks Select the editing command Basic procedure for track editing136 Select the tracks to edit Execute the commandSpecify the editing region Select the virtual track that you want to edit Parameters are the same as for the Erase command List of editing commandList of editing command Parameter list Start End From Track To Start 139From Track 140 List of editing command When measure lock = onMeasure Lock Start End From Track To Start From Track To Start If you set Ratio = 50% Time Compression/ExpansionIf you set Ratio = 200% 141 142 Pitch Pitch Change Importing audio data/WAV ﬁles Press the Enter key to conﬁrm the edit commandInsert a CD into the CD-RW drive You can import data from the following types of media Total File144 Sort Importing audio data from another song145 146 To TR/To V.TR Pan Control via the PAN/EQ Screen Pan Control147 Pan Control via Selected Channel section Adjusting pan via Selected Channel section knob148 EQ Control via the PAN/EQ Screen Band EQ149 EQ Control via the Selected Channel section Dynamics Processing Using the GatesParameter 151 Compressor Control via Dynamics screen Using the CompressorsCompt ON/OFF button Position ﬁeld 153 Compressor Control via Selected Channel sectionSelected Channel Knobs Parameters Threshold Ratio Gain Recalling Gate Library settings Recalling EQ Library settingsEQ/Dynamics Processor Library Operation 154 155 Access the page containing the library to be edited Recalling EQ/Dynamics Library settingsChanging EQ/Dynamics Library Names 156 Erasing EQ/Dynamics Library settings Storing EQ/Dynamics Library settingsCursor to the OK button and press 157 158 About Scene Memory Scene MemoryScene Memory Operation Protect button Recalling scene data Renaming a sceneTo the OK button and press the Enter Key. For details on entering a name Deleting scene data Storing scene dataScene will be stored Here’s how you can delete unwanted scene data 162 Using the Recall Safe function Source list Moving scenesDestination list 163 164 About songs Song managementSong Organization Song Bit Depth 166 Song Folder OrganizationAbout songs AW2400-1 Drive AW2400-2 Drive 167 Managing Your Songs Changes the order of songs displayed in the Song List Creating a new songCurrently-selected song 168 Editing the song name Song screen Setting page will appear169 Saving the current song Loading and Sorting Songs170 Copying a song Deleting a songMove the cursor to the Copy button and press the Enter key 171 Optimizing a song Song ProtectionPopup window will ask you to conﬁrm the optimize operation 172 173 Importing data from an existing song Editing various settings for the song Editing various settings for the song174 ABS absolute time Editing a tempo map event Creating a tempo mapStep Measure Adding a tempo map event Event Range ContentDeleting a tempo map event Selected event will be deleted 177 Backing up songs 178 Restoring songsBacking up songs Restoring songs System button Restore button179 Restoring songs Compatible with the other AW-series Mark will appear for songs selected to be restoredInformation will be read from the inserted CD-R/RW media 180 Automix ENABLE/DISABLE buttonAbout Automix Automix Operation Creating a New Automix Recording Command ﬁeldOverwrite ﬁeld Free Recording the Automix Data Move the cursor to the Mode ﬁeld and press the REC buttonPress the top-panel Play key to start song playback 183 AUX/EFFECT Send on CH ON/FADERAUX/EFFECT Send PAN Punch In and Out of Automix Automix PlaybackTo stop Automix playback press the top- panel Stop key Return Time Operation Move the cursor to the Mode ﬁeld and turn the REC button on Command Editing Automix data In a Speciﬁed RegionRecorded Automix data will be updated Operate the fader as required When the Erase command is selected CommandWhen the Copy or Move command is selected Channel/Region Param Editing Individual Automix Events188 189 Time About the Automix Library Automix Library OperationChanging Automix Names Protect Recalling Automix settings Storing Automix settingsErasing Automix settings 191 192 Protecting Automix Data 193 What you can do using Midi Port ﬁeld Basic Midi SettingsProgram Change ﬁeld Control Change ﬁeld When Control Change Mode = Control Change Mode box195 CC# Parameter 196 197 198 Midi Synchronization Message Setup 199 Offset Connecting to External Equipment Connecting to External EquipmentThis sets the AW2400 to function as MTC master Turn on the Slave button in the MMC ﬁeld Play back the external Midi device Assign scenes to program changesProgram change number Scene Midi Clock Control Changes ChangesWith a built-in sequencer Computer-based Sequencer application Play back the AW2400 song from the begin- ning Select a Control Change Mode203 Using the Midi Remote function presets Using the Midi Remote functionAbout the Midi Remote function Messages that can Volume/Rec TR Mode boxVolume Cubase Logic Sonar Protools USER1 USER2 USER3 USER4 Using User-deﬁned Remote function206 Remotely controlling Tone generator module This enables the Remote functionLearn button Midi message 208 Operate the AW2400 faders and on keys Utility functions Using the test tone oscillatorWaveform 209 AW2400 Preferences Nudge Play ModeNudge Time Preroll Time Direct OUT Extract Position Postroll Time211 Cluster ﬁeld Initializing the internal hard diskSet the disk cluster size to either 32K or 64K 212 Creating an audio CD Creating an audio CDCD-R CD-RW Track At Once Writing an audio CDDisc At Once 214 Basic settings for the CD-RW drive If you turn on Track AT Once button Writing audio dataIf you turn on the Disc AT Once button 216 Inserted CD-RW will be automatically checked Writing Track At OnceMove the cursor to the ADD button and press the Enter key 217 Move the cursor to the Write button and press the Enter key Writing Disc At OnceTo ﬁnalize the disc, move the cursor to OK button and press the Enter key 219 Popup window will ask you to conﬁrm the ﬁnalize operation Finalizing CD-R/RW media220 Finalizing CD-R/RW media Buttons select the following erasure methods Erasing CD-RW media221 Erasing CD-RW media Switches the CD Play function on/off CD Play Mode buttonPlaying an audio CD Input CH MUTE/MIX button Select the Wordclock Source Wordclock and Cascade Settings223 ST in button INT button2-15/16 buttons IN, OUT Using an MD or DAT Recorder as Wordclock Master Using an HDR or DAW As Wordclock MasterSelect a wordclock source via the Wordclock Source ﬁeld AW2400 As Wordclock Master 226 Cascade-connecting External Devices 227 Check the Status Of the Digital Input Signal Digital Stereo in connector status Plug-in Card SettingsDigital I/O card status 228 WAV File Transfer USB Storage Mode Midi Message Transfer Normal ModeUSB Storage mode What You Can Do With USB Mode WAV File Transfer USB Storage Mode230 Two windows will appear Turn on the AW2400Case of Mac OS 231 Case of Mac OSX Exiting the USB Storage Mode From TR Copying Exported WAV Files To the ComputerFrom V.TR File Name Importing Copied WAV Files From the Computer For details on how to enter a name, refer toTransport folder is located in the AW2400-2 drive 234 235 This ﬁeld is for display only, and cannot be changed 236 237 AppendixName Description EQ Parameter list 238Title Parameter Parameter # Title LOW MID 239 Dynamics Parameters 240Compressor CMP parameters Parameter Value Expander EXP parameters 241CompanderH CPH CompanderS CPS parameters Gate GAT and Ducking DUK parameters 242 Gate Parameter list Compressor Parameter list 243Title Type Parameter Value Compressor Parameter list 244 Early REF Reverb HALL, Reverb ROOM, Reverb STAGE, Reverb PlateOne input, two output early reﬂections Gate REVERB, Reverse Gate Stereo Delay Mono DelayMOD. Delay Delay LCR Chorus EchoFlange 247 Symphonic PhaserAuto PAN 248 HQ. Pitch TremoloDual Pitch Rotary MOD. Filter Ring MODDistortion AMP Simulate DYNA. Filter DYNA. PhaserDYNA. Flange 251 REV-CHORUS REV+CHORUSREV+FLANGE 252 One input, two output reverb and ﬂanger effects in series REV-FLANGEREV+SYMPHO REV-SYMPHO REV-PAN DELAY+ER254 DELAY+REV DELAY-ERDELAY-REV 255 Multi Filter DIST-DELAYTwo input, two output 3-band multi-ﬁlter 24 dB/octave 256 Band Dyna Gate257 258 259 260 261 262 263 MessagesDisplay message list 264 Popup messages 265 Installing USB Midi driver Contents of the CD-ROMSpecial Notices Restart the computer Start your computer, then log in as Adminis- tratorClick Continue Click the Close button Move the cursor to the list and press Installing a remote ﬁle268 Windows 269 Commands 270 Installing the Sonar template ﬁle Type Receive From Send To #ch’s 271 Control Change Mode Program Change Mode272 Remote Port MTC Sync ModeMTC Sync Average MTC Sync Offset Song Position Pointer F2 Midi Time Code Quarter Frame F1Timing Clock F8 Continue FB MMC Record Strobe MMC Fast ForwardMMC Record Exit MMC Locate Target 276 Midi Implementation Chart 277 Digital Mixing Functions Input/Output278 279 Dimensions Index 280 Gate 281 Recall Confirmation 282 283 Input Block diagram 285 286 North America