Appendix B
Two-Cell Applications
Ion Exchange
Ion exchange operations can achieve especially precise control using the conductivity ratio of two points with each bed. Ratio measurement accounts for feedwater variations when the upstream point is measured at the cation bed inlet. With the upstream point in the bed as shown for following stages, it can identify exhaustion before breakthrough.
Inlet
Cell 2
Cell 1
Cation Bed
Cell 2 
Cell 1
Anion Bed
Cell 2
Cell 1
D I Water
Mixed Bed
a/n 23188
Reverse Osmosis
Reverse Osmosis efficiency is monitored by comparing inlet and outlet conductivity (or TDS). Automatic calculations of Percent Rejection or Percent Passage are provided. If readout is in resistivity, cell locations are interchanged. Temperature readout assists with normalized performance comparisons.
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| a/n 2318 9 | |||
| Cell1 | x100 |
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| Typical Range is 0 to 20% | ||||
Percent Passage = Cell2 | ||||||
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Percent Rejection = |
| Typical Range is 80 to 100% | ||||
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7/99 | 9782 Series Conductivity/Resistivity Analyzer/Controller - Operator’s Manual Appendix B - 1 |
