HP V1910 manual Dynamic IP address allocation process, IP address lease extension, 275

∙Manual allocation: The network administrator assigns an IP address to a client like a WWW server, and DHCP conveys the assigned address to the client.

∙Automatic allocation: DHCP assigns a permanent IP address to a client.

∙Dynamic allocation: DHCP assigns an IP address to a client for a limited period of time, which is called a lease. Most DHCP clients obtain their addresses in this way.

Dynamic IP address allocation process

a.Dynamic IP address allocation process

As shown in a, a DHCP client obtains an IP address from a DHCP server via four steps: Table 77 The client broadcasts a DHCP-DISCOVER message to locate a DHCP server.

Table 78 A DHCP server offers configuration parameters such as an IP address to the client in a DHCP-OFFER message. The sending mode of the DHCP-OFFER is determined by the flag field in the DHCP-DISCOVER message.

Table 79 If several DHCP servers send offers to the client, the client accepts the first received offer, and broadcasts it in a DHCP-REQUEST message to request the IP address formally.

Table 80 All DHCP servers receive the DHCP-REQUEST message, but only the server from which the client accepts the offered IP address returns a DHCP-ACK message to the client, confirming that the IP address has been allocated to the client, or a DHCP-NAK unicast message, denying the IP address allocation.

NOTE:

After the client receives the DHCP-ACK message, it will probe whether the IP address assigned by the server is in use by broadcasting a gratuitous ARP packet. If the client receives no response within the specified time, the client can use this IP address. Otherwise, the client sends a DHCP-DECLINE message to the server and requests an IP address again.

IP addresses offered by other DHCP servers are still assignable to other clients.

IP address lease extension

The IP address dynamically allocated by a DHCP server to a client has a lease. When the lease expires, the DHCP server will reclaim the IP address. If the client wants to use the IP address longer, it has to extend the lease duration.

275