Features, Supported traffic | Netopia R2020 guide

Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup 10-3

Public Addresses

Private Addresses

206.1.1.1	192.168.1.1
206.1.1.2	192.168.1.2
206.1.1.3	192.168.1.3
206.1.1.4	192.168.1.4
206.1.1.5	192.168.1.5
206.1.1.6	192.168.1.6 - 254

IP Host	NAT Type
Router	1:1 Static
Web Server	1:1 Static
Mail Server	1:1 Static
FTP Server #1	1:1 Static
FTP Server #2	1:1 Static
LAN Users	1:Many PAT

In order to support this type of mapping, the private addresses and public addresses are separated and are assigned to ranges. Each range consists of a contiguous set of one or more addresses. The router allocates the addresses in that range based on the type (static or PAT), and other relevant attributes. The range deﬁnes the rules for distributing the exterior addresses. NAT maps, kept in a list similar to a ﬁrewall or ﬁlter list, contain the private addresses and the name pointer of the range to use to get a public address. The maps function as an access control list to the resource contained in the range.

Features

The Netopia R2020 Router features the following:

■Default behavior consistent with previous ﬁrmware versions, including PAT to a DHCP- or PPP-assigned address.

■1-to-1 static NAT mapping.

An internal private address is permanently mapped to an external address. TCP and UDP port addresses are not altered.

■Multiple Many-to-1 PAT mappings on a single interface.

PAT addresses may be assigned to speciﬁc private address subnets; not all internal machines need to be included on a PAT remapping list.

■Coexistent mapped and unmapped trafﬁc on a public interface.

If the router's IP address is not included in a NAT list, it will be invisible to the external network.

■Mapped services (exports) may use multiple public addresses.

■NAT maps per interface, similar to the ﬁlter rules.

Supported traffic

MultiNat supports the following IP protocols:

■PAT: TCP/UDP trafﬁc which does not carry source or destination IP addresses or ports in the data stream (i.e., HTTP, telnet, ‘r’ commands, tftp, NFS, NTP, SMTP, NNTP, etc.).

■Static NAT: All IP protocol trafﬁc which does not carry or otherwise rely on the source or destination IP addresses in the data stream.

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Netopia R2020 manual Features, Supported traffic

Contents

Netopia¨ R2020 Dual Analog Router Part Number Contents Part II Advanced Configuration Contents Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup Aurp Snmp Contents Part III Appendixes Contents User’s Reference Guide Page Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet Small Ofﬁce connection to the Internet Direct Connection to a Corporate Ofﬁce Telecommuter Conﬁgured to accept incoming dial-up connections Page Part I Getting Started User’s Reference Guide Features and capabilities Chapter IntroductionOverview How to use this guide Chapter Making the Physical Connections Find a locationWhat you need Ethernet Telco Identify the connectors and attach the cables Telco Line ports Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Router Back Panel Ports Making the Physical Connections Netopia R2020 LED front panel Netopia R2020 Dual Analog Router Status Lights Chapter Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard Installed and properly conﬁgured. SeeBefore running SmartStart User’s Reference Guide SmartStart Wizard conﬁguration screens Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard Easy or Advanced options screen. You can choose either Easy option Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard User’s Reference Guide Setting up your Router with the SmartStart Wizard Advanced option Dynamic conﬁguration recommended Conﬁguration tab Static conﬁguration optional Add. Repeat this process for the secondary DNS TCP/IP Conﬁguring TCP/IP on Macintosh computers TCP/IP or MacTCP Dynamic conﬁguration using MacIP optional User’s Reference Guide Readying computers on your local network Chapter Connecting Your Local Area Network User’s Reference Guide 10Base-T Connecting to an Ethernet network Adding an external modem Connecting to a LocalTalk network Wiring guidelines for PhoneNET cabling Chapter Console-based Management Snmp Simple Network Management Protocol. See Snmp on Connecting through a Telnet session Conﬁguring Telnet software Connecting a local terminal console cable to your router Navigating through the console screens Chapter Easy Setup Easy Setup console screensHow to access the Easy Setup console screens Screen similar to the following appears Easy Setup proﬁle Beginning Easy Setup IP Easy Setup Ethernet IP Address 192.168.1.1 Ethernet Subnet Mask Easy Setup Security Part II Advanced Configuration User’s Reference Guide Chapter WAN and System Configuration WAN Creating a new Connection Proﬁle Datalink PPP/MP Options Data Compression IPX Profile Parameters Remote IPX Network Viewing or editing connection proﬁles Change Connection Profile Profile Name System Conﬁguration screens Deleting connection proﬁles Navigating through the System Conﬁguration screens System Conﬁguration features Maximum Packet Size 1500 Channel Usage Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Filter Sets Firewalls Network Protocols Setup IP Address Serving Date and TimeConsole Conﬁguration Upgrade Feature Set Snmp Simple Network Management ProtocolSecurity Logging Installing the Syslog client PPP MP Chapter Managing Data Calls Specifying telephone connectionsInternal Modem Conﬁguration screen appears Atdt Auxiliary serial port HD-15 female OFF Default Answer Proﬁle for Dial-in Connections How the Default Answer Proﬁle worksCustomizing the default proﬁle PAP Call acceptance scenarios Scheduled connections Adding a scheduled connection Viewing scheduled connections ADD Scheduled Connection Cancel Set Once-Only Schedule Set Weekly Schedule Modifying a scheduled connection Connection Metering Web-based management pagesDeleting a scheduled connection System Information Activity for your Frame relay DLCIs Accounting for switched interfaces only Connection Status Connect/Disconnect Router Budget Configuration Connection Budgets Connection Budget Configuration Budget Statistics WAN Event History Event History pages Device Event History Console-based management screens Connection Budget Setup Name Use Connection Profile Connection Budget Statistics Date and time setting Chapter Virtual Private Networks Tr ans it In tern etw ork Summary About Pptp tunnels on About Atmp Tunnels on Pptp Configuration Configuration Add Connection ProfileAbout Pptp tunnels Chap Local WAN IP Address 0.0 Remote IP Address Encryption support VPN Default Answer Profile QuickView VPN QuickView Dial-Up Networking for VPN Installing Dial-Up Networking Creating a new Dial-Up Networking profile Configuring a Dial-Up Networking profile Virtual Private Networks Installing the VPN Client Windows 95 VPN installationWindows 98 VPN installation Connecting using Dial-Up Networking About Atmp Tunnels Atmp Configuration DES Local WAN IP Address 0.0 Remote IP Address Pptp Example Allowing VPNs though a firewall Select Display/Change Input Filter Change Output Filter EnabledYes ForwardYes Source IP Address Atmp Example Source Port ID Dest. Port Compare Change Output Filter EnabledYes ForwardYes Source IP Address Chapter Multiple Network Address Translation and IP Setup User’s Reference Guide Supported traffic Features NAT conﬁguration Easy Setup Profile IP setup 255.255.255.0 NAT rules ADD NAT MAP Add NAT Map mymap Modifying map lists Show/Change NAT Map List screen appears Change NAT Map screen appears Moving maps Adding server lists ADD NAT Server Modifying server lists Show/Change NAT Server List screen appears Deleting a server IP profile parameters Binding Map Lists and Server Lists +--NAT Map List Name Configuration Default Answer Profile Default Answer Profile Default Answer Proﬁle screen appears Associations NAT Associations NAT Associations +NAT Map List Name-+ MultiNAT Configuration Example Previous Screen Enter your ISP-supplied values as shown below Change NAT Public Range ADD NAT MAP Firmware upgrades and NAT IP subnets For example Static routes Viewing static routes Adding a static route Rules of static route installation Modifying a static routeDeleting a static route Main Menu System Configuration IP Address Serving Client Default Gateway Dhcp NetBIOS Options NetBios Type To release these addresses, select Lease Management Served IP Addresses screen appears Dhcp Relay Agent MacIP Kip Forwarding Options You have ﬁnished your IP Setup IPX Features Chapter IPX SetupIPX Deﬁnitions Internetwork Packet Exchange IPX IPX address Service Advertising Protocol SAPSocket Routing Information Protocol RIP NetBIOS IPX setupIPX Spooﬁng Default Gateway Address IPX in the answer proﬁle Menu Configuration Default Answer Profile Off Main Menu Statistics & Logs IPX routing tables User’s Reference Guide Chapter AppleTalk Setup AppleTalk networksAppleTalk protocol AT Routing Table Routers and seeding MacIP Installing AppleTalk Upgrade Feature Set Conﬁguring AppleTalk EtherTalk Setup LocalTalk Setup Aurp setup Viewing Aurp partnersAurp Free Trade Zone Modifying an Aurp partner Adding an Aurp partner Deleting an Aurp partner Receiving Aurp connectionsConﬁguring Aurp Options AppleTalk Setup User’s Reference Guide Quick View status overview Chapter Monitoring Tools General Status Status lights Current Status Statistics & Logs General StatisticsGeneral Statistics WAN Connection Statistics Event Histories WAN Event History Current Date Routing Tables IPX routing table IP routing table AppleTalk routing table IPX Sap Bindery table Served IP Addresses IP Address Lease Management screen appears Snmp Community strings Snmp Setup screen Snmp traps Viewing IP trap receivers Setting the IP trap receiversModifying IP trap receivers Deleting IP trap receivers User’s Reference Guide Suggested security measures Chapter Security User accounts Protecting the Security Options screenProtecting the conﬁguration screens Dial-in Console Access Telnet access Enable SmartStart/Web ServerAbout ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets What’s a ﬁlter and what’s a ﬁlter set? Filter priority How ﬁlter sets work Packet First filter Match? Yes ﬁlter’s actions How individual ﬁlters workﬁltering rule Parts of a ﬁlter 161 Aurp AppleTalk 387 Internet service TCP portWho 513 Port number comparisons Internet Control Message Protocol Putting the parts togetherTransmission Control Protocol User Datagram Protocol Filtering example #2 Filtering example #1 Disadvantages of ﬁlters Design guidelines Working with IP ﬁlters and ﬁlter sets An approach to using ﬁlters Naming a new ﬁlter set Adding a ﬁlter set Input and output ﬁlters-source and destination Netopia R-series RouterAdding ﬁlters to a ﬁlter set ADD this Filter NOW Cancel Viewing ﬁlters Viewing ﬁlter setsModifying ﬁlters Deleting ﬁlters Modifying ﬁlter sets Deleting a ﬁlter setSample IP ﬁlter set TCP Icmp UDP Possible modiﬁcations User’s Reference Guide IPX ﬁlters Main Menu System Configuration Filter Sets Firewalls IPX packet ﬁlters Viewing and modifying packet ﬁltersAdding a packet ﬁlter Deleting a packet ﬁlter IPX packet ﬁlter setsViewing and modifying packet ﬁlter sets Adding a packet ﬁlter set ADD Filter SET NOW Cancel IPX SAP ﬁlters Deleting a packet ﬁlter setViewing and modifying SAP ﬁlters Adding a SAP ﬁlter Deleting a SAP ﬁlter IPX SAP ﬁlter setsViewing and modifying SAP ﬁlter sets Adding a SAP ﬁlter set Deleting a SAP ﬁlter set Firewall tutorial General Firewall Terms Basic IP Packet Components Basic Protocol TypesExample TCP/UDP Ports Firewall design rules Firewall LogicBinary Representation Logical ANDing Implied RulesEstablished Connections Filter Basics Example IP Filter Set ScreenThis is an example of the Netopia IP ﬁlter set screen Example Filters Example NetworkExample Example Example Using the SecurID token card Token Security AuthenticationKey Security Authentication Features of the Netopia R2020 Securing network environments Conﬁguring for security authentication Security authentication components Establishing a dial-on-demand DOD connection call Connecting using security authentication Current Connection Status Establishing a manual connection call Chapter Utilities and Diagnostics Start Ping Ping Utilities and Diagnostics Stop Ping Time Trace Route Telnet client Secure Authentication Monitor Factory defaults Disconnect Telnet Console SessionTransferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with Tftp Updating ﬁrmware Downloading conﬁguration ﬁles Transferring conﬁguration and ﬁrmware ﬁles with Xmodem Uploading conﬁguration ﬁles Idle Do you want to send a saved configuration to your Netopia? Restarting the system User’s Reference Guide Part III Appendixes User’s Reference Guide Conﬁguration problems Appendix a Troubleshooting SmartStart Troubleshooting Console connection problemsNetwork problems How to reach us Power outagesTechnical support Before contacting Netopia Online product information Netopia Bulletin Board Service 1Product information can be found in the following FAX-Back Finding an Internet service provider Appendix B Setting Up Internet Services Unique requirements Setting up a Netopia R2020 accountPricing and support ISP’s Point of presence Local LAN IP address information to obtain NAT-disabled Local LAN IP address information to obtain NAT enabledSmartIP Obtaining information from the ISP Remote WAN IP address information to obtain What is IP? Appendix C Understanding IP AddressingAbout IP addressing Subnets and subnet masks Subnet masks Example Using subnets on a Class C IP internet ISP Network Network conﬁguration Example Working with a Class C subnet Distributing IP addressesBackground 255.255.255.224 Technical note on subnet masking Netopia R2020 Dhcp Server Characteristics ConﬁgurationDhcp Address Serving Manually distributing IP addresses Using address servingMacIP Serving Serve dynamic WAN clients Understanding IP Addressing C-9 Tips and rules for distributing IP addresses Dhcp example Internet Nested IP subnets 0.0 C.1 WAN Packet header types Broadcasts User’s Reference Guide Appendix D Binary Conversion Table Decimal Binary Appendix E Further Reading User’s Reference Guide Further Reading E-3 User’s Reference Guide Pinouts for Auxiliary Port Modem Cable Appendix F Technical Specifications and Safety Information Description Power requirementsEnvironment VDC input Amps Software and protocols Agency approvalsRegulatory notices Declaration for Canadian users Important safety instructions Telecommunication installation cautionsBattery User’s Reference Guide Outbound data 33.6K 67.2K Inbound data 56K 112K Appendix G About 56K Line Access User’s Reference Guide Bps See bits per second Glossary User’s Reference Guide Glossary User’s Reference Guide Remapping See network number remapping User’s Reference Guide Glossary User’s Reference Guide Numerics Index Index-2 Index-3 Index-4 Index-5 Index-6 Limited Warranty and Limitation of Remedies User’s Reference Guide