Programming the Nonvolatile Memory | Intel 8XC196MD, 8XC196MH

CHAPTER 16 PROGRAMMING THE NONVOLATILE MEMORY

The 87C196MC and 87C196MD contain 16 Kbytes of one-time-programmable read-only mem- ory (OTPROM); the 87C196MH contains 32 Kbytes. OTPROM is similar to EPROM, but it comes in an unwindowed package and cannot be erased. You can either program the OTPROM yourself or have the factory program it as a quick-turn ROM product (this option may not be available for all devices). This chapter provides procedures and guidelines to help you program the device. The information is organized as follows.

•overview of programming methods

•OTPROM memory map (page 16-2)

•security features (page 16-3)

•programming pulse width (page 16-8)

•modified quick-pulse algorithm (page 16-9)

•programming mode pins (page 16-11)

•entering programming modes (page 16-13)

•slave programming (page 16-15)

•auto programming (page 16-25)

•PCCB and UPROM programming (8XC196MH only; page 16-30)

•run-time programming (page 16-32)

16.1 PROGRAMMING METHODS

You can program the OTPROM by configuring a circuit that allows the device to enter a program- ming mode. In programming modes, the device executes an algorithm that resides in the internal test ROM.

•Slave programming mode allows you to use an EPROM programmer as a master to program several microcontrollers (the slaves). The code and data to be programmed into the nonvolatile memory typically resides on a diskette. The EPROM programmer transfers the code and data from the diskette to its memory, then manipulates the slave’s pins to define the addresses to be programmed and the contents to be written to those addresses. Using this

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Intel 8XC196MD, 8XC196MH, 8XC196MC manual Programming the Nonvolatile Memory, Programming Methods

Contents

8XC196MC, 8XC196MD, 8XC196MH Microcontroller User’ Manual We Value Your Opinion Page 8XC196MC, 8XC196MD, 8XC196MH Microcontroller User’s Manual Intel Corporation Contents Chapter Memory Partitions Contents 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual Application Example PWM Signals and RegistersFunctional Overview Programming the Frequency Generator Programming the Waveform Generator Chapter Event Processor Array EPA Chapter Minimum Hardware Considerations Chapter Programming the Nonvolatile Memory Appendix C Registers Glossary Index Figures 10-5 15-9 Ready Timing Diagram One Wait State 8XC196MH 15-21 Tables 11-12 16-7 Pmode Values Guide to This Manual Page Manual Contents Chapter Guide to this Manual Special Operating Modes Notational Conventions and Terminology Assert and deassert Numbers Related Documents Handbooks and Product Information Application Notes, Application Briefs, and Article ReprintsTitle Order Number MCS 96 Microcontroller Datasheets Commercial/Express MCS 96 Microcontroller Datasheets Automotive This Page Left Intentionally Blank Guide to this Manual This Page Left Intentionally Blank World Wide Web Technical SupportProduct Literature Page Architectural Overview Page Microcontroller Features Typical Applications Otprom Features of the 8XC196Mx Product FamilyFunctional Overview SIO PWM CPU ROMPTS EPA PWM WDT SIO RAM CPU Control Register FileRegister Arithmetic-logic Unit Ralu Code Execution Instruction Format Interrupt Service Memory Interface Unit Internal Timing Clock Circuitry Internal Peripherals State Times at Various Frequencies 1 I/O Ports Serial I/O SIO Port Frequency Generator Event Processor Array EPA and Timer/CountersPulse-width Modulator PWM Waveform Generator Testing the Printed Circuit Board Watchdog TimerReducing Power Consumption Analog-to-digital Converter Programming the Nonvolatile Memory Programming Considerations Page Operand Type No. Signed Possible Values Addressing Overview of the Instruction SETOperand Type Definitions Restrictions SHORT-INTEGER Operands BIT OperandsByte Operands Word Operands Integer Operands DOUBLE-WORD Operands Conditional Jumps LONG-INTEGER OperandsConverting Operands Floating Point Operations Addressing Modes Indirect Addressing Direct AddressingImmediate Addressing Definition of Temporary Registers Indirect Addressing with the Stack Pointer Indexed AddressingIndirect Addressing with Autoincrement Short-indexed Addressing Long-indexed Addressing Zero-indexed Addressing Assembly Language Addressing Mode Selections Using RegistersSoftware Standards and Conventions Addressing 32-bit Operands Linking Subroutines Software Protection Features and Guidelines 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual Memory Partitions Page Memory Partitions External Devices Memory or I/OProgram and Special-purpose Memory Device Program MemoryMemory Map Description Addressing Modes Reserved Memory Locations Special-purpose MemorySpecial-purpose Memory Addresses Interrupt and PTS Vectors Chip Configuration Bytes CCBs Special-function Registers SFRsSecurity Key Memory-mapped SFRs Peripheral SFRs Port 2 SFRs EPA and Timer SFRsPeripheral SFRs 8XC196MC SFRs Peripheral SFRs 8XC196MD Ports 2 and 7 SFRs Port 1 SFRs Peripheral SFRs 8XC196MHPort 0 and 2 SFRs Serial I/O Port SFRs Register File Memory Map Address Stack Pointer SP Register File Memory AddressesGeneral-purpose Register RAM Device and Hex Address Range Description Addressing Modes CPU Special-function Registers SFRs CPU SFRsAddress High Odd Byte Low Even Byte 02FFH 01FFH Windowing8XC196MC,MD 00FFH Bit Function Number Selecting a WindowWSR WSR Value for Peripherals Addressing a Location Through a Window 10. Selecting a Window of the Upper Register File Base WSR Value WSR Value for 11. Windows12. Windowed Base Addresses Peripheral SFRs 2.3 128-byte Windowing Example 2.1 32-byte Windowing Example2.2 64-byte Windowing Example Unsupported Locations Windowing Example Using the Linker Locator to Set Up a Window ?WSR This listing shows the disassembled code Windowing and Addressing Modes LDB WSR, #12HPage Standard and PTS Interrupts Page Chapter Standard and PTS Interrupts Overview of Interrupts Flow Diagram for PTS and Standard Interrupts Interrupt Signals and Registers Interrupt SignalsInterrupt and PTS Control and Status Registers Ptssel Interrupt Sources and PrioritiesPipend 1FBEH Ptssrv Interrupt Controller PTS Service Interrupt Sources, Vectors, and PrioritiesInterrupt Source Mnemonic Name Vector Priority Unimplemented Opcode Special InterruptsExternal Interrupt Pin Software Trap Multiplexed Interrupt Sources Waveform Generator Protection Circuitry Flow Diagram for the Ovrtm Interrupt End-of-PTS Interrupts Interrupt LatencySituations that Increase Interrupt Latency Calculating Latency Standard Interrupt Latency Standard Interrupt Response Time PTS Interrupt Latency PTS Mode Execution Time in State Times Programming the InterruptsExecution Times for PTS Cycles Standard and PTS Interrupts 8XC196MD Ptssel8XC196MC Bit Function Bit Mnemonic Interrupt Standard Vector IntmaskCOMP2 EPA2 COMP1 EPA1 COMP3 COMP0 EPA0 Ovrtm COMP2 MC, MD NMI Extint EPA5 INTMASK1NMI Extint NMI Extint SPI COMP3 EPA3 COMP4 EPA4 RI1 RI0 TI1 TI0 Pimask 8XC196MC 8XC196MDBit Function Number Mnemonic Modifying Interrupt Priorities PimaskOVRTM1 Standard and PTS Interrupts Determining the Source of an Interrupt 10. Interrupt Pending Intpend Register Intpend 11. Interrupt Pending 1 INTPEND1 Register INTPEND1 12. Peripheral Interrupt Pending Pipend Register Pipend Initializing the PTS Control Blocks Pipend Specifying the PTS Count 14. PTS Service Ptssrv Register Ptssrv Selecting the PTS Mode Single Transfer ModePtscon Register Location Function PTS Single Transfer Mode Control BlockPtsdst H Ptsdst L Ptssrc H Ptssrc L Ptscon Ptscount Ptsdst Ptscb + Standard and PTS Interrupts Block Transfer Mode Single Transfer Mode PtscbBlock Transfer Mode Ptscb PTS Block Transfer Mode Control Block Ptsblock Ptscb + 5 A/D Scan Mode PTS A/D Scan Mode Control Block A/D Scan Mode Command/Data Table Address Contents 5.1 A/D Scan Mode Cycles 5.2 A/D Scan Mode Example PTSPTR2 H = 1FH PTSPTR2 L = AAH Command/Data Table ExampleA/D Scan Mode Ptscb Example Ptscount = 04H 11. A/D Scan Mode Ptscb Example 5.3 A/D Scan Mode Example10. Command/Data Table Example Serial I/O Modes PTS Serial I/O Mode Control Block 1 8XC196MC, MD SA1 SA0 MAJPtsvec SA1 BaudEpareg SA0 † 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual PTS Serial I/O Mode Control Block 2 8XC196MC, MD Port Mask RegisterPort Address Pointer high byte Data PTSCON1Rpar PTS Serial I/O Mode Control Block 8XC196MC, MD Register Location FunctionPortreg 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual 13. Ssio Transmit Mode PTSCBs PTSCB1 PTSCB2 Txddone = Synchronous SIO Receive Mode Example 23. Synchronous SIO Receive Timing 14. Ssio Receive Mode PTSCBs Clrb Rxddone Standard and PTS Interrupts Rxddone = 25. Asynchronous SIO Transmit Timing 15. Asio Transmit Mode PTSCBs Standard and PTS Interrupts End-Of-PTS Interrupt Save Critical Data Is PTS Asynchronous SIO Receive Mode Example 27. Asynchronous SIO Receive Timing 16. Asio Receive Mode PTSCBs Samptime = 01HPortreg H = 1FH P2PIN Standard and PTS Interrupts End-Of-PTS Interrupt Ports Page I/O Ports Overview Device I/O PortsPort Bits Type Direction Associated Peripherals Standard Input-only Port Pins INPUT-ONLY Ports 1 MC, MD only 1FDAH MH Standard Input-only Port OperationInput-only Port Registers P1PIN MC, MD Standard Input-only Port Considerations Bidirectional Ports 1 MH ONLY, 2, 5, and 7 MD only Bidirectional Port Pins Port Pin Special-function Associated Signals Bidirectional Port Operation Bidirectional Port Control and Status Registers Ports Bidirectional Port Structure Bidirectional Port Pin Configurations Logic Table for Bidirectional Ports in I/O ModeSfdir 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual Bidirectional Port Pin Configuration Example Control Register Values for Each ConfigurationPort Configuration Example Bidirectional Port Considerations HZ1 P5.1/INST Bidirectional Ports 3 and 4 ADDRESS/DATA BUS Ports 3 and 4 PinsPort Pins Special-function 12. Ports 3 and 4 Control and Status Registers Bidirectional Ports 3 and 4 Address/Data Bus Operation Address/Data Bus Ports 3 and 4 Structure Standard OUTPUT-ONLY Port Using Ports 3 and 4 as I/ODesign Considerations for Ports 3 13. Logic Table for Ports 3 and 4 as Open-drain I/O Output-only Port Operation Configuring Output-only Port Pins14. Standard Output-only Port Pins 15. Output-only Port Control Register 1FC0H Reset State 0000HWgoutput Port Address OP1 OP0 Reset State 0000H Wgoutput PortPage Serial I/O SIO Port Page SIO Block Diagram Serial I/O SIO Port Functional Overview Serial I/O Port Signals and Registers Serial Port SignalsSerial Port Control and Status Registers P1DIR 1F9BH P1PIN 1F9FHP1REG 1F9DH Serial Port Modes Synchronous Modes Modes 0 Mode Mode 0 Timing Asynchronous Modes Modes 1, 2, Serial Port Frames for Mode Mode 2 and 3 Timings Multiprocessor Communications Programming the Control Register Configuring the Serial Port PinsProgramming the Serial Port SP xCON Address 1F83H, 1F8BH = 0-1 8XC196MH Bit Function BV7 Programming the Baud Rate and Clock SourceClksrc BV9 BV8 Baudvalue = Bclk 80CFH SPxBAUD Values When Using XTAL1 at 16 MHzEnabling the Serial Port Interrupts E82BH Determining Serial Port Status RPE/RB8 TXERPE/RB8 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual Frequency Generator Page Chapter Frequency Generator Frequency Generator Signal Frequency Generator Control and Status RegistersPort Frequency Programming the Frequency Configuring the OutputProgramming the Frequency Generator Freqgen Determining the Current Value of the Down-counter Application ExampleFreqcnt Frequency Generator 0FAH Xmitbuf Dsb Bufsize Block of data to send Shiftreg Stb temp,freqgen0 Into freq gen Frequency Generator Page Waveform Generator Page Chapter Waveform Generator Waveform Generator Functional Overview Waveform Generator Block Diagram Waveform Generator Signals and Registers Waveform Generator SignalsWaveform Generator Control and Status Registers Waveform Generator Operation Timebase Generator Phase Driver Channels Control and Protection Circuitry Register Buffering and Synchronization Protection Circuitry Operating Modes Operation in Center-aligned and Edge-aligned Modes Register UpdatesEvent Mode Step Center-aligned Modes Edge-aligned Modes Center-aligned Modes Center-aligned Modes Counter Operation Center-aligned Modes Output Operation Edge-Aligned Modes Edge-aligned Modes Counter Operation Configuring the Outputs Output ConfigurationProgramming the Waveform Generator PE6 Wgoutput Waveform GeneratorOP1 OP0 Sync PE7 OP1 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual E0H WgprotectF0H 8XC196MC, MD 8XC196MH Bit Function Number Mnemonic Reload Specifying the Carrier Period and Duty CycleWgreload 150 Reload Wgcomp Address 1FC2H,1FC4H,1FC6H Wgcontrol DT7 DT6 DT5 DT4 DT9 DT8 DT3 DT2 DT1 DT0Wgcounter = Wgreload Wgcounter Determining the Waveform GENERATOR’S StatusEnabling the Waveform Generator Interrupts Xxxxh Wgcount WGCOUNT= Design ConsiderationsDead Time and Duty Cycle Wgcomp Programming Example Ph3 Dsw P6.4,5 config Waveform Generator Temp1,WGOUTPUT0 Now store it Ret Demo board PI interrupt Page Pulse-width Modulator Page Chapter PULSE-WIDTH Modulator PWM Functional Overview PWM Signals and Registers PWM Signals PWM Operation PWM Control and Status RegistersPEx Pin Output Programming the Frequency and Period E6HFFH PWM Output Frequencies Fpwm Pwmperiod Programming the Duty Cycle Pwmperiod + Sample Calculations Reading the Current Value of the Down-counterPWM xCONTROL Address 10-3 PWM Output Alternate Functions PWM Output Alternate Port Function PWM Output Enabled WhenEnabling the PWM Outputs Pwmcount Waveform Generator Output Configuration Wgoutput Register D/A Buffer Block Diagram Generating Analog Outputs Event Processor Array EPA Page Device Capture/Compare Channels Compare-only Channels EPA Functional OverviewEPA Channels COMP30 EPA and TIMER/COUNTER Signals and Registers EPA and Timer/Counter Signals EPA Control and Status Registers P0PIN 1FA8H P1PIN 1FA9H TIMER2 1F7EH TIMER/COUNTER Functional OverviewTIMER1 1F7AH T1RELOAD EPA Timer/Counters Cascade Mode Timer 2 Only Quadrature Clocking Modes State of Xinternal State of Yinternal Count Direction T1DIR Quadrature Mode Timing and Count EPA Channel Functional Overview Operating in Capture Mode A Single EPA Capture/Compare Channel EPA Simplified Input-capture Structure EPA Overruns Action Taken When a Valid Edge OccursOverwrite Bit Status Action Taken When a Valid Edge Occurs EPAxCON.0 Operating in Compare Mode Preventing EPA OverrunsGenerating a Low-speed PWM Output Generating the Highest-speed PWM Output Programming the EPA and TIMER/COUNTERS Configuring the EPA and Timer/Counter SignalsProgramming the Timers Prescaler Divisor Resolution † T1CONTROLClock Source Direction Source Prescaler Resolution † T2CONTROL Example EPA Control Register Settings for Channels 1, 3, or Mode WGR ROT ON/RTProgramming the Capture/Compare Channels EPAxCON = 0-1 8XC196MH x = 0-3 8XC196MC x = 0-5 8XC196MD Capture Mode EventCompare Mode Action = 0, 2 = 1, 3 For EPA capture/compare channels 0, 2 EPA xCON Address= 0, 2 For EPA capture/compare channels 1, 3 Capture Mode on Compare Mode RT Comp xCON Address = 0-3 8XC196MC, MH = 0-5 8XC196MD Reset State 00HProgramming the Compare-only Channels WGR ROT Enabling the EPA Interrupts Determining Event Status Analog-to-digital Converter PageNum-38 12.1 A/D Converter Functional Overview Angnd Port Pin Signal Description 12.2 A/D Converter Signals and RegistersA/D Converter Pins A/D Control and Status Registers 12.3 A/D Converter Operation P1PIN MC,MD Programming the A/D Converter Programming the A/D Test Register AdtestOFF1 OFF0 Programming the A/D Time Register Adresult Write Programming the A/D Command Register Adtime Enabling the A/D Interrupt AdcommandM1 M0 Mode ACH3 ACH2 ACH1 ACH0 Determining A/D Status and Conversion Results Adresult ReadADRLT90 Designing External Interface Circuitry Idealized A/D Sampling Circuitry Minimizing the Effect of High Input Source Resistance Suggested A/D Input Circuit Understanding A/D Conversion Errors Using Mixed Analog and Digital Inputs 12-14 Ideal A/D Conversion Characteristic 10. Actual and Ideal A/D Conversion Characteristics 12-17 11. Terminal-based A/D Conversion Characteristic Minimum Hardware Considerations Page Minimum Required Signals RESET#Minimum Connections Unused Inputs I/O Port Configuration GuidePort Where to Find Configuration Information 13.1.2 I/O Port Pin Connections Minimum Hardware Connections Applying and Removing Power Noise Protection Tips ON-CHIP Oscillator Circuitry On-chip Oscillator Circuit External Crystal Connections Using AN External Clock Source External Clock Connections Resetting the Device Reset Timing Sequence Rsts GenconRsts DR0 DRO Generating an External Reset Internal Reset Circuitry 10. Minimum Reset Circuit Issuing an Illegal Idlpd Key Operand Issuing the Reset RST InstructionEnabling the Watchdog Timer Generating Wait States 1EH E1H Selecting the Watchdog Reset Interval 8XC196MH onlyFirst Byte Second Byte Reset Interval 1EH A1HPage Special Operating Modes Page Port Pin Signal Type Description Special Operating Mode Signals and RegistersOperating Mode Control Signals Clkout ONCE# Operating Mode Control and Status RegistersPort Pin Signal Type Description Name CCR0 P7MODEMD 1FD1H Reducing Power ConsumptionP1MODEMH P1REG MH 1F9DH Idle Mode Clock Control During Power-saving Modes Powerdown Mode Enabling and Disabling Powerdown Mode Generating a Hardware Reset Entering Powerdown ModeExiting Powerdown Mode Driving the VPP Pin Low Asserting the External Interrupt Signal External RC Circuit Selecting R1 and C1 Typical Voltage on the VPP Pin While Exiting Powerdown Once Mode Reserved Test Modes Page Interfacing with External Memory Page Signal Port Pin Type Description Name External Memory Interface Signals and RegistersExternal Memory Interface Signals ADV# CCR0.1 Bytes AccessedBHE# AD0 CCR1.2 Buswidth Signal Port Pin EA#WR# WRL# External Memory Interface RegistersWRH# Register Address Description Mnemonic Chip Configuration Registers and Chip Configuration Bytes P5REG = 11XX XxxxbBHE#/WRH# † 15-6 LOC1 LOC0 CCR0LOC1 LOC0 IRC1 IRC0 ALE BW0 IRC2 IRC1 IRC0 CCR0 ALEBW1 BW0 CCR1 WDE BW1 IRC2WDE BUS Width and Multiplexing CCR1 Multiplexing and Bus Width Options Buswidth Timing Diagram 8XC196MC, MD Buswidth Signal Timing Definitions Symbol DefinitionTiming Requirements for Buswidth 15.3.2 16-bit Bus Timings Timings for 16-bit Buses 15.3.3 8-bit Bus Timings Wait States Ready Control Timings for 8-bit Buses 15-18 Ready Timing Diagram One Wait State 8XC196MC, MD Address Valid to Ready Setup Bus-control Mode Bus-control Signals CCR0.3 CCR0.2 BUS-CONTROL ModesBus-control Modes Standard Bus-control Mode BHE# WR# AD0 CS# ALE OE# WE# RD# WR# Buswidth CS# Eprom RAMOE# WE# RD# WR# Write Strobe Mode 14. Write Strobe Mode 15 -bit System with Writes to Byte-wide RAMs OE# OE# WE# RD# WRH# WRL# Address Valid Strobe Mode 16. Address Valid Strobe Mode 18 -bit System with Flash Eprom OE# RD# Address Valid with Write Strobe Mode 20. Timings of Address Valid with Write Strobe Mode WRH# WRL# CS# System BUS AC Timing SpecificationsVCC Buswidth WE# CS# 22. System Bus Timing External Memory Systems Must Meet These Specifications Explanation of AC SymbolsAC Timing Symbol Definitions Signals AC Timing Definitions Microcontroller Meets These Specifications Address Setup to ALE/ADV# Low 15-35 Page Programming Nonvolatile Memory Page Programming the Nonvolatile Memory Programming Methods Otprom Memory MAP C196Mx Otprom Memory Map Security FeaturesControlling Access to Internal Memory Address Range Description Hex Controlling Access to the Otprom During Programming Modes Controlling Access to the Otprom During Normal OperationMemory Protection for Normal Operating Mode Read Protect Write Protect Protection Status Memory Protection Options for Programming Modes Security KeyPccb CCB Controlling Fetches from External Memory Uprom Programming Values and Locations for Slave Mode UsfrTo set this bit Write this value To this location PPW Programming Pulse WidthPpwvalue BitBitFunction Number Mnemonic 8XC196MC, MD 8XC196MH Two 250-µs pulses required Modified QUICK-PULSE AlgorithmExample Ppwvalue Calculations Ppwvalue = Modified Quick-pulse Algorithm Programming Mode Pins Special Program Port Pin Cpver PROG#AINC# PACT# Selecting the Programming Mode Entering Programming ModesPmode Values Power-up and Power-down Sequences Power-up SequencePower-down Sequence Slave Programming Mode Reading the Signature Word and Programming Voltages Device Signature Word Programming VCC Slave Programming Circuit and Memory MapDevice Signature Word and Programming Voltages Location Value Slave Programming Mode Memory Map Operating EnvironmentDescription Address Comments CCR1, CCR0 LOC1 LOC0 IRC1 IRC0 WDE BW1 IRC2Bit Mnemonic Function Slave Programming Routines Address/Command Decoding Routine Program Word Routine Program Word Waveform 10. Dump Word Routine Timing Mnemonics 10. Timing MnemonicsMnemonicDescription Auto Programming Mode Auto Programming Circuit and Memory MapMnemonic Description 12. Auto Programming Circuit Auto Programming Routine Address Internal Address Using Output fromAddress Internal Address Using 11 XC196MC/MD Auto Programming Memory Map 13. Auto Programming Routine Auto Programming Procedure ROM-dump Mode Pccb and Uprom Programming 8XC196MH only 14. Pccb and Uprom Programming Circuit 13. Pccb and Uprom Programming Values Pins Pccb Programming Uprom ProgrammingRUN-TIME Programming PMODE30 0DH 15. Run-time Programming Code Example Page Instruction Set Reference Page Appendix a Instruction SET Reference Table A-1. Opcode Map Left Half Opcode Table A-1. Opcode Map Right Half Table A-2. Processor Status Word PSW Flags Value of Bits Shifted OffInstruction Quotient Stored Flag Set if Quotient is Table A-4. PSW Flag Setting Symbols Symbol DescriptionInstruction Jumps to Destination if Continues if Table A-5. Operand Variables Variable Description Mnemonic Operation PSW Flag SettingsTable A-6. Instruction Set C V VT ST Instruction Format Dest ← Dest and SRCAndb PTRS, Cntreg Count Count ← Count Count ← Cntreg Loop Srcptr ← Ptrs DstptrDstptr ← Srcptr Ptrs ← Srcptr + Dest Clear BYTE. Clears the value Mnemonic Operation Instruction Format ← Dest MOD SRC Dest MOD SRC Djnz Decrement and Jump if not Zero Djnzw Decrement and Jump if not Zero Epts Dpts Disable Peripheral TransactionEpts Enable Peripheral Transaction EXT SIGN-EXTEND Integer Into Long Extb SIGN-EXTEND SHORT-INTEGER Into Increment BYTE. Increments the value Byte operand by JGE Jump if Signed Greater than or JLE Jump if Signed Less than or Equal Negative flag is set, this instruction adds JNV Jump if Overflow Flag is Clear Jnvt Jump if OVERFLOW-TRAP Flag is JVT Jump if OVERFLOW-TRAP Flag is SET Load Byte SIGN-EXTENDED. Sign MUL Mulb Mulu Mulub Integer operand SRC, Dest Dest ← not Dest Dest ← Dest or SRC INTMASK1/WSR ← SP PSW/INTMASK ← SP SP ← PSW/INTMASK PSW/INTMASK ← SP ← INTMASK1/WSR INTMASK1 ← Scall Wreg, #count SHR Range of 0 to 31 1FH, inclusive. If Shral Arithmetic Right Shift Double Shrl Logical Right Shift DOUBLE-WORD Skip Rightmost operand SUB Subc SubbSubc Subtract Words with Borrow DEST, SRC Subcb Subtract Bytes with Borrow DEST, SRC Index and #MASK = Offset × Offset + Tbase = DestTijmp TBASE, INDEX, #MASK XOR Dest ← Dest XOR SRC Clrb Notb Negb Table A-7. Instruction OpcodesHex Code Instruction Mnemonic Decb Extb Incb Shrb Shlb Shrab Hex Code Hex Code 8XC196MC, MD, MH USER’S Manual Dpts Epts EF Lcall DIV/DIVB/MUL/MULB Note Table A-8. Instruction Lengths and Hexadecimal Opcodes Arithmetic Group Direct Immediate Indirect Indexed MnemonicSubc Subcb Logical Direct Immediate Indirect Data Direct Stack Direct Immediate Indirect Indexed MnemonicOpcode Length Jump Direct Call Direct Immediate Indirect Indexed Mnemonic Length OpcodeConditional Jump Direct Immediate PTS Shift Mnemonic Direct Immediate Indirect IndexedSpecial Mnemonic Direct Immediate Indirect Mnemonic Direct Immediate Indirect Normal Autoinc Short Long Reg Mem Table A-9. Instruction Execution Times in State TimesArithmetic Group Indirect Mem Reg Mnemonic Direct Immed Normal Autoinc Short Long Reg Mem DIV Divb Divu DivubLogical Stack Register Indirect Normal Autoinc ShortReg Mem Autoinc Short Long Autoinc Short Long RegLDB Ldbse Ldbze STB XCH Xchb Ljmp Sjmp Tijmp Call Memory Indirect Indexed Mnemonic Direct Normal Autoinc Short LongConditional Jump Mnemonic Clrc Clrvt Idlpd Shift Mnemonic DirectIndirect Indexed NOP RST Setc SkipPage Signal Descriptions Page Table B-1. Signal Name Changes Signal Name ChangesFunctional Groupings of Signals New Name Table B-2 XC196MC Signals Arranged by Functional Categories Figure B-1 XC196MC 64-lead Shrink DIP Sdip Package U8XC196MC Figure B-2 XC196MC 84-lead Plcc Package X8XC196MC Figure B-3 XC196MC 80-lead Shrink EIAJ/QFP Package Table B-3 XC196MD Signals Arranged by Functional Categories P7.7/FREQOUT Figure B-4 XC196MD 84-lead Plcc Package X8XC196MD Figure B-5 XC196MD 80-lead Shrink EIAJ/QFP Package Table B-4 XC196MH Signals Arranged by Functional Categories EA# Extint NMI ONCE# RESET# XTAL1 XTAL2P2.7/SCLK1#/BCLK1 Figure B-6 XC196MH 64-lead Shrink DIP Sdip Package X8XC196MH Figure B-7 XC196MH 84-lead Plcc Package Signal Descriptions Figure B-8 XC196MH 80-lead Shrink EIAJ/QFP Package Table B-6. Signal Descriptions Table B-5. Description of Columns of Table B-6Column Heading Description Name BCLK10 CCR0.1 CCR1.2 BuswidthCOMP1/P2.5/PACT#, COMP2/P2.6/CPVER, COMP3/P2.7MC, MD Command that invoked the power-saving mode System using a clip-on emulator P5.7/BUSWIDTH Slave programming Auto programmingPMODE.30 Programming Start SCLK10# Shift Clock 0 MH only Default Conditions Port Signals Alternate During Upon RESET# Table B-7. Definition of Status SymbolsTable B-8 XC196MC and MD Default Signal Conditions Functions RESET# Active WG3 WK1 NMI WK0 RESET#WG2 WK1 PWM0 WK0 Port Signals Table B-9 XC196MH Default Signal ConditionsRESET# Alternate During Upon Osc output Registers Page Table C-1. Modules and Related Registers CPU8XC196MC, MH, x = Table C-2. Register Name, Address, and Reset Status Xxxx EPA4TIME MD Xxxx EPA2TIME MC, MDXxxx EPA3TIME MC, MD Xxxx EPA5TIME MD 1FFD P7PIN MDXxxx P1REG MH P5REG MC, MD Usfr MC, MD Xxxx TIMER1TIMER2 Usfr MH Xxxx Watchdog Adcommand Adresult Read Adresult Write Adtest Adtime CCR0 ALE CCR1 IRC2 IRC1 IRC0 COMPxCON Comp xCON Address Table C-3 = 0-3 8XC196MC, MH For EPA capture/compare channels 0, 2 COMPxTIME Table C-3. COMPxTIME Addresses and Reset ValuesRegister Address Reset Value Comp xTIME Address EPAxCON EPAxCON Address Table C-4 = 0-1 8XC196MH = 0-3 8XC196MC x = 0-5 8XC196MD Table C-4. EPAxCON Addresses and Reset Values = 0-3 8XC196MC = 0-5 8XC196MD EPAxTIME Table C-5. EPAxTIME Addresses and Reset ValuesEPA Timer Value EPAxTIME = 0-1 8XC196MH x = 0-3 8XC196MC x = 0-5 8XC196MD Freqcnt Freqgen Gencon Intmask OVRTM† INTMASK1 Intpend INTPEND1 Ffffh OnesregOnesreg One = 1 MH Table C-6. PxDIR Addresses and Reset ValuesPxDIR = 2, 5 M = 1 MH = 2, 5 Mx Table C-7. PxMODE Addresses and Reset ValuesPxMODE PIN7 PIN6 PIN5 PIN4 Port Table C-8. Special-function Signals for Ports 1, 2, 5Pin Special-function Signal 8XC196MC, MD Table C-9. PxPIN Addresses and Reset Values PxPIN PxREG = 2-5 8XC196MC = 2-5, 7 8XC196MD x = 1-5 8XC196MH Table C-10. PxREG Addresses and Reset ValuesPxREG = 2-5 M Pimask Pimask Pipend Pipend PPW PPW150 Ppwvalue PSW PSWPSE PSW Ptssel Ptssrv Pwmcount Pwmperiod PWMxCONTROL PWM xCONTROL Address 1FB0H, 1FB2H SBUFxRX SBUFxRX Address 1F80H, 1F88H = 0-1 8XC196MH8XC196MH Data Received Bit SBUFxTX Sbuf xTX Address 1F82H, 1F8AH = 0-1 8XC196MH8XC196MH Data to Transmit Bit Stack Pointer 150 Stack Pointer SPxBAUD SPxCON SPxCON Address 1F83H, 1F8BH = 0-1 8XC196MH SPxSTATUS T1CONTROL Timer 1 Reload Value T1RELOADT1RELOAD T2CONTROL TIMERx Timer Address 1F7AH1F7EH Usfr Watchdog Watchdog0AH WGCOMPx Wgcontrol Wgcounter Wgoutput Port Wgoutput Waveform Generator Wgoutput Waveform Generator Table C-11. Output Configuration Output Values Output Polarities WG x# Wgprotect Wgreload Register Mnemonic WSRByte Windows 00E0-00FFH 00C0-00FFH 00E0-00FFH 00C0-00FFH 0080-00FFH Location PWM0CONTROL 1FB0H 7DH T2CONTROL 1F7CH 7BH 00FCH 3DH 1EH TIMER1 † 1F7AH 00FAH1EH 00FAH TIMER2 † 1F7EH 7BH 00FEH 3DH WGCOMP1 1FC2H PWM1CONTROL 1FB2H 7DH Zeroreg ZeroregZero Page Glossary Page Glossary Characteristic DOUBLE-WORD LONG-INTEGER LSB Otprom PTS PWM SFR Special interrupt WDT Page Index Page Index Index-2 Index-3 Index-4 Index-5 Index-6 Index-7 Index-8 Index-9 Index-10 Index-11 Index-12 Index-13 Index-14