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When the array contains only two physical drives, the fault-tolerance method is known as RAID 1.

When the array has more than two physical drives, drives are mirrored in pairs, and the fault-tolerance method is known as RAID 1+0 or RAID 10.

In each mirrored pair, the physical drive that is not busy answering other requests answers any read requests that are sent to the array. This behavior is called load balancing. If a physical drive fails, the remaining drive in the mirrored pair can still provide all the necessary data. Several drives in the array can fail without incurring data loss, as long as no two failed drives belong to the same mirrored pair.

This fault-tolerance method is useful when high performance and data protection are more important than the cost of physical drives.

Advantages:

•This method has the second highest read performance of any fault-tolerant configuration.

•No data is lost when a drive fails, as long as no failed drive is mirrored to another failed drive.

•Up to half of the physical drives in the array can fail.

Troubleshooting 121

Contents

HP Smart Storage Administrator User Guide Page Contents Optional components HP Smart Array Advanced Pack Documentation feedback Overview About HP SSA Benefits of using HP SSA Support for configuration tasks Page Array configuration Array configuration guidelines Minimum requirements Native support for 64-bitand 32-bitoperating systems Operations Accessing HP SSA in the offline environment Launching HP SSA with HP Intelligent Provisioning (Gen8 or later) Launching HP SSA during POST (Gen8 or later) Launching HP SSA from an ISO image (all generations) Prerequisites Set up PXELinux Configure PXELinux Specify the ISO image path Supported network file systems Accessing HP SSA in the online environment Launching HP SSA on a local server Launching HP SSA on a local server to configure a remote server Launching HP SSA on a remote server to configure a local server Using the HP SSA GUI Icon and key stroke legend Navigating the GUI Configure screen When a controller is selected, the following elements appear: Diagnostics screen HP SSA help Configuration tasks Configuring a controller 1.Open HP SSA For more information, see "Using the HP SSA GUI (on page 17) 2.Open the Configure panel by doing one of the following: o Choose a device and click Configure in the quick navigation menu Performing a Configuration task HP SSD Smart Path Page Rapid Parity Initialization SSD Over Provisioning Optimization Page Changing the Spare Activation Mode Changing the Spare Management mode Page Cache Manager Page Enable HP SmartCache Page Page Installing a license key with HP SmartCache Enabling SmartCache Write-back Page Splitting a mirrored array Recombining a split mirrored array Creating a split mirror backup Re-mirroring,rolling back, or re-activatinga split mirror backup Replacing an array Setting Auto RAID Page Page Managing FLS Setting patterns To enable FLS: 1.Open HP SSA. For more information, see "Using the HP SSA GUI (on page 17) 3.Click Advanced Controller Settings RAID mode or HBA mode Page Power modes Viewing controller status Diagnostic tasks Page Using the HP SSA CLI Opening the CLI in Console mode Opening the CLI in Command mode CLI syntax Querying a device Hiding warning prompts Keyword abbreviations help shorthand Keyword Abbreviation in HP SSA CLI Page Displaying the current versions of the application layers The help command Typical procedures Setting the target IMPORTANT: You cannot use the set target command in batch file scripts set target <target where <target> is a controller, array, or logical drive => set target ctrl slot=3 => clear target Deleting target devices Generating a diagnostic report Erasing a physical drive Rescanning the system Entering or deleting a license key Optimizing controller performance for video Creating a logical drive <target> create type=ld [parameter=value] Parameter Acceptable values Comments Sample scenario Moving a logical drive Viewing enclosure information Viewing SSD physical drives Viewing SSD information SmartCache in HPSSACLI Command Examples: => ctrl slot=1 create type=ldcache drives=1e:1:10 datald=1 => ctrl slot=1 array B create type=ldcache datald=2 Rapid Parity Initialization methods Example: of creating a logical drive with Rapid Parity Initialization: Managing spare drives Setting the spare activation mode Spare Management Mode in HPSSACLI Expanding an array Shrinking an array Moving an array Extending a logical drive Migrating a logical drive Setting the preferred path mode Assigning a redundant controller to a logical drive Changing the Expand Priority setting Setting the surface scan mode Changing the surface scan delay time Re-enablinga failed logical drive Changing the controller cache ratio Enabling or disabling the drive cache Enabling or disabling the array accelerator Enabling a script to exit on error Using the Split Mirror command Enabling SmartCache Write-back HBA mode RAID mode Using HP SSA scripting Capturing a configuration Using an Input script Creating an HP SSA script file Script file requirements •Lines of the script file are written in the form option=value or left blank •Some script options require the installation of a valid license key Sample custom input script The sample script in this section gives all possible values for each option Sample custom capture script Initial encryption configuration Encryption configuration Script file options Action mode Method mode Controller CacheState ClearConfigurationWithDataLoss DPOEnable DriveWriteCache ElevatorSortEnable FLS HBAmode LicenseKey, DeleteLicenseKey MNPDelay NoBatteryWriteCache Power modes PreferredPathMode QueueDepth RapidParityInitialization ReadCache, WriteCache RebuildPriority, ExpandPriority SurfaceScanDelay Array ArrayR0 CachingArray Drive DriveType OnlineSpareMode OnlineSpare SplitMirror ArrayAccelerator LogicalDrive CachingLogicalDrive CachedLogicalDrive NumberOfParityGroups PreferredPath RAID Renumber Repeat SetBootVolumePrimary SetBootVolumeSecondary Sectors Size SizeBlocks SmartCache Write-back SSDOPO StripSize Encryption controller category ControllerPasswordMode Encryption EncryptionClearConfig EncryptionCryptoPasswordSet EncryptionKeyManager Encryption logical volume category XML support XML input XML input file DTD HP SSA scripting warning messages HP SSA scripting error messages Page Page Page Page Page Troubleshooting HP Smart Storage Administrator Diagnostics Utility CLI About the utility Reported information Page Installing the utility Launching the utility in CLI mode Diagnostic report procedures SmartSSD Wear Gauge report procedures 512e Physical drive support Drive arrays and fault-tolerancemethods Drive arrays Page Page Effects of a hard drive failure on logical drives Fault-tolerancemethods RAID 0—Nofault tolerance RAID 1 and RAID 1+0 (RAID 10) Page RAID 1 (ADM) and RAID 10 (ADM) RAID 5—distributeddata guarding RAID 6 (ADG)—AdvancedData Guarding Page Comparing the hardware-basedRAID methods RAID 1+0 RAID 1(0) (ADG) (ADM) Selecting a RAID method Diagnosing array problems Diagnostic tools Troubleshooting resources •French (http://www.hp.com/support/ProLiant_TSG_fr) •Italian (http://www.hp.com/support/ProLiant_TSG_it) •Spanish (http://www.hp.com/support/ProLiant_TSG_sp) •German (http://www.hp.com/support/ProLiant_TSG_gr) •Dutch (http://www.hp.com/support/ProLiant_TSG_nl) Optional components HP Secure Encryption HP Smart Array Advanced Pack About SAAP Acronyms and abbreviations ACU ADG ADM ADU PXE RIS SAAP SAS SATA Documentation feedback Index