Intel IXC1100, IXP42X 10.2 Configuring the UART

Intel® IXP42X Product Line of Network Processors and IXC1100 Control Plane Processor

September 2006 DM

Order Number: 252480-006US 335

Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transceiver (UART)—Intel® IXP42X product line and IXC1100

control plane processors

10.2 Configuring the UART

The following sections provide a detailed description of configuring the UART interfaces

for operation.

10.2.1 Setting the Baud Rate

Each UART contains a programmable baud-rate generator that is capable of taking the

14.7456 MHz, input clock and dividing it by any divisor ranging from 1 to (216 –1). The

output frequency of the baud-rate generator is 16 times the baud rate. So, if a

1,200 Baud rate was required, the output frequency of the baud-rate generator would

be 1,200 KHz *16 = 19,200 KHz.

Two 8-bit registers store the divisor in a 16-bit binary format: the Divisor Latch Low

Register (DLL) and the Divisor Latch High Register (DLH). The Divisor Latch Low

register makes up the lower eight bits of the 16-bit divisor and the Divisor Latch High

register makes up the upper eight bits of the 16-bit divisor.

The two Divisor Latch registers must be loaded during initialization to ensure proper

operation of the baud-rate generator. If both Divisor Latches are loaded with 0, the 16X

output clock is stopped. A Divisor value of 0 in the Divisor Latch Low Register is not

allowed.

The reset value of the divisor is hexadecimal 0x0002. The value of hexadecimal 0x0002

implies a value of hexadecimal 0x00 in the Divisor Latch High Register and a value of

hexadecimal 0x02 in the Divisor Latch Low Register. The Divisor Latch High Register

and Divisor Latch Low Register can only be written after the DLAB bit (bit 7 of the Serial

Line Control Register) is set to logic 1.

The baud rate of the UART transmit and receive data is given by:

Table129 shows some commonly used baud rates.

Baud Rate = 14.7456 MHz/(16xDivisor)

Table 129. Typical Baud Rate Settings

Divisor

Latch High

Register

Divisor Latch

Low Register

Divisor Baud Rate

Generator Clock

Output Baud Rate

Hexadecimal Decimal

0x00 0x01 0x0001 1 14.7456 MHz 921,600

0x00 0x02 0x0002 2 7.3728 MHz 460,800

0x00 0x04 0x0004 4 3.6864 MHz 230,400

0x00 0x08 0x0008 8 1.8432 MHz 115,200

0x00 0x10 0x0010 16 921.6 KHz 57,600

0x00 0x20 0x0020 32 460.8 KHz 28,800

0x00 0x30 0x0030 48 307.2 KHz 19,200

0x00 0x40 0x0040 64 230.4 KHz 14,400

0x00 0x60 0x0060 96 115.2 KHz 9,600

0x00 0xC0 0x00C0 192 76.8 KHz 4,800

0x01 0x80 0x0180 384 38.4 KHz 2,400

0x03 0x00 0x0300 768 19.2 KHz 1,200

Contents

Main Page Contents Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Figures Page Tables Page Page Page Revision History Page Page 1.0 Introduction 1.1 About This Document 1.1.1 How to Read This Document 1.2 Other Relevant Documents 1.3 Terminology and Conventions 1.3.2 Acronyms and Terminology Table 1. Acronyms and Terminology Table 1. Acronyms and Terminology (Continued) Page 2.0 Overview of Product Line Order Number: 252480-006US 31 Overview of Product LineIntel IXP42X product line and IXC1100 control plane processors Figure 1. Intel IXP425 Network Processor Block Diagram B1563-04 Ethernet NPE B Ethernet NPE A WAN/Voice NPE Figure 2. Intel IXP423 Network Processor Block Diagram B4285-02 Ethernet NPE B Intel XScale Ethernet NPE A Figure 3. Intel IXP422 Network Processor Block Diagram B1566-04 Ethernet NPE A Intel XScale North AHB Arbiter Figure 4. Intel IXP421 Network Processor Block Diagram B1565-04 Ethernet NPE A Intel XScale WAN/Voice NPE 2.1 Intel XScale Microarchitecture Processor Page 2.1.1.3 Memory Management 2.1.1.4 Instruction Cache 2.1.1.5 Branch Target Buffer 2.1.1.6 Data Cache 2.1.1.7 Intel XScale Processor Performance Monitoring 2.2 Network Processor Engines (NPE) 2.3 Internal Bus 2.4 MII Interfaces 2.5 AHB Queue Manager 2.6 UTOPIA 2 2.7 USB v1.1 2.8 PCI 2.9 Memory Controller 2.10 Expansion Bus 2.11 High-Speed Serial Interfaces 2.12 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transceiver 2.13 GPIO 2.14 Interrupt Controller 2.15 Timers 2.16 JTAG 3.0 Intel XScale Processor 3.1 Memory Management Unit 3.1.1 Memory Attributes 3.1.1.1 Page (P) Attribute Bit 3.1.1.2 Cacheable (C), Bufferable (B), and eXtension (X) Bits Page 3.1.2 Interaction of the MMU, Instruction Cache, and Data Cache 3.1.3 MMU Control 3.1.3.1 Invalidate (Flush) Operation 3.1.3.2 Enabling/Disabling 3.1.3.3 Locking Entries Page 3.1.3.4 Round-Robin Replacement Algorithm 3.2 Instruction Cache 3.2.1 Operation When Instruction Cache is Enabled 3.2.1.1 Instruction-Cache Miss Example: 32K byte cache 3.2.1.2 Instruction-Cache Line-Replacement Algorithm 3.2.1.3 Instruction-Cache Coherence Page Page 3.3 Branch Target Buffer 3.3.1 Branch Target Buffer (BTB) Operation Page 3.4 Data Cache 3.4.1 Data Cache Overview Example: 32-Kbyte cache Example: 2K byte cache 3.4.2 Cacheability Page Page Page Example 9. Global Clean Operation 3.4.3 Reconfiguring the Data Cache as Data RAM Example 10. Locking Data into Data Cache Page Example 11. Creating Data RAM ... ... ...... 3.5 Configuration Page 3.5.1 CP15 Registers Table 8. LDC/STC Format when Accessing CP14 Table 9. CP15 Registers (Sheet 1 of 2) 3.5.1.1 Register 0: ID and Cache Type Registers Table 9. CP15 Registers (Sheet 2 of 2) Table 10. ID Register 3.5.1.2 Register 1: Control and Auxiliary Control Registers Table 12. ARM* Control Register (Sheet 2 of 2) 3.5.1.3 Register 2: Translation Table Base Register Table 13. Auxiliary Control Register Table 14. Translation Table Base Register 3.5.1.4 Register 3: Domain Access Control Register 3.5.1.5 Register 4: Reserved 3.5.1.6 Register 5: Fault Status Register 3.5.1.7 Register 6: Fault Address Register 3.5.1.8 Register 7: Cache Functions 3.5.1.9 Register 8: TLB Operations 3.5.1.10 Register 9: Cache Lock Down 3.5.1.11 Register 10: TLB Lock Down 3.5.1.12 Register 11-12: Reserved 3.5.1.13 Register 13: Process ID 3.5.1.14 The PID Register Affect On Addresses 3.5.1.15 Register 14: Breakpoint Registers 3.5.1.16 Register 15: Coprocessor Access Register Example 12. Disallowing access to CP0 3.5.2 CP14 Registers Tabl e 27 lists the CP14 registers implemented in the Intel XScale processor. All other registers are reserved in CP14. Reading and writing them yields unpredictable results. Table 26. Coprocessor Access Register Table 27. CP14 Registers 3.5.2.1 Performance Monitoring Registers 3.5.2.2 Clock and Power Management Registers 3.5.2.3 Software Debug Registers 3.6 Software Debug 3.6.1 Definitions 3.6.2 Debug Registers 3.6.3 Debug Modes 3.6.3.1 Halt Mode 3.6.3.2 Monitor Mode 3.6.4 Debug Control and Status Register (DCSR) 3.6.4.1 Global Enable Bit (GE) 3.6.4.2 Halt Mode Bit (H) 3.6.4.3 Vector Trap Bits (TF,TI,TD,TA,TS,TU,TR) 3.6.4.4 Sticky Abort Bit (SA) 3.6.4.5 Method of Entry Bits (MOE) 3.6.5 Debug Exceptions 3.6.5.1 Halt Mode 3.6.5.2 Monitor Mode 3.6.6 HW Breakpoint Resources 3.6.6.1 Instruction Breakpoints 3.6.6.2 Data Breakpoints Page 3.6.7 Software Breakpoints 3.6.8 Transmit/Receive Control Register (TXRXCTRL) 3.6.8.1 RX Register Ready Bit (RR) 3.6.8.2 Overflow Flag (OV) 3.6.8.3 Download Flag (D) 3.6.8.4 TX Register Ready Bit (TR) 3.6.8.5 Conditional Execution Using TXRXCTRL 3.6.9 Transmit Register (TX) 3.6.10 Receive Register (RX) 3.6.11 Debug JTAG Access 3.6.11.1 SELDCSR JTAG Command Page TDO DBG_SR DBG_REG TDI Page Page Core CLK DBG_REG[34] TXRXCTRL[31] Clear DBG_REG[34] RX write enable set TXRXCTRL[31] set overflow flag (TXRXCTRL[30]) TDO DBG_SR DBG_REG TDI 3.6.11.7 Debug JTAG Data Register Reset Values 3.6.12 Trace Buffer 3.6.12.1 Trace Buffer CP Registers Page 3.6.13 Trace Buffer Entries 3.6.13.1 Message Byte Page Page Page Page 3.6.14 Downloading Code in ICache 3.6.14.1 LDIC JTAG Command Page 3.6.14.3 LDIC Cache Functions 3.6.14.4 Loading IC During Reset Page Page Page 3.6.14.5 Dynamically Loading IC After Reset Debugger Actions Debug Handler Actions Page Table 51. Debug-Handler Code to Implement Synchronization During Dynamic Code Download 3.6.14.6 Mini-Instruction Cache Overview 3.6.15 Halt Mode Software Protocol 3.6.15.1 Starting a Debug Session Page 3.6.15.2 Implementing a Debug Handler Page Page 3.6.15.3 Ending a Debug Session 3.6.16 Software Debug Notes and Errata 3.7 Performance Monitoring 3.7.1 Overview 3.7.2 Register Description 3.7.2.1 Clock Counter (CCNT) 3.7.2.2 Performance Count Registers (PMN0 - PMN3) 3.7.2.3 Performance Monitor Control Register (PMNC) Table 55. Performance Monitor Count Register (PMN0 - PMN3) Table 56. Performance Monitor Control Register 3.7.2.4 Interrupt Enable Register (INTEN) 3.7.2.5 Overflow Flag Status Register (FLAG) Table 57. Interrupt Enable Register 3.7.2.6 Event Select Register (EVTSEL) Table 58. Overflow Flag Status Register 3.7.3 Managing the Performance Monitor 3.7.4 Performance Monitoring Events 3.7.4.1 Instruction Cache Efficiency Mode 3.7.4.2 Data Cache Efficiency Mode 3.7.4.3 Instruction Fetch Latency Mode 3.7.4.4 Data/Bus Request Buffer Full Mode 3.7.4.5 Stall/Write-Back Statistics 3.7.4.6 Instruction TLB Efficiency Mode 3.7.4.7 Data TLB Efficiency Mode 3.7.5 Multiple Performance Monitoring Run Statistics 3.7.6 Examples Counter overflow can be dealt with in the IRQ interrupt service routine as shown below: As an example, assume the following values in CCNT, PMN0, PMN1 and PMNC: Example 14. Configuring the Performance Monitor Example 15. Interrupt Handling 3.8 Programming Model 3.8.1 ARM* Architecture Compatibility 3.8.2 ARM* Architecture Implementation Options 3.8.2.1 Big Endian versus Little Endian 3.8.2.2 26-Bit Architecture 3.8.2.3 Thumb 3.8.2.4 ARM* DSP-Enhanced Instruction Set 3.8.2.5 Base Register Update 3.8.3 Extensions to ARM* Architecture 3.8.3.1 DSP Coprocessor 0 (CP0) Page Page Page Page Page 3.8.3.2 New Page Attributes 3.8.3.3 Additions to CP15 Functionality 3.8.3.4 Event Architecture Page Page Page Page 3.9 Performance Considerations 3.9.1 Interrupt Latency 3.9.2 Branch Prediction 3.9.3 Addressing Modes 3.9.4 Instruction Latencies 3.9.4.1 Performance Terms Page 3.9.4.2 Branch Instruction Timings 3.9.4.3 Data Processing Instruction Timings Table 77. Latency Example Table 78. Branch Instruction Timings (Those Predicted by the BTB) Table 79. Branch Instruction Timings (Those not Predicted by the BTB) 3.9.4.4 Multiply Instruction Timings Table 81. Multiply Instruction Timings (Sheet 1 of 2) Table 80. Data Processing Instruction Timings (Sheet 2 of 2) Table 81. Multiply Instruction Timings (Sheet 2 of 2) 3.9.4.5 Saturated Arithmetic Instructions 3.9.4.6 Status Register Access Instructions 3.9.4.7 Load/Store Instructions Table 82. Multiply Implicit Accumulate Instruction Timings Table 83. Implicit Accumulator Access Instruction Timings 3.9.4.8 Semaphore Instructions 3.9.4.9 Coprocessor Instructions Table 87. Load and Store Multiple Instruction Timings Table 88. Semaphore Instruction Timings Table 89. CP15 Register Access Instruction Timings 3.10 Optimization Guide 3.10.1 Introduction 3.10.1.1 About This Section 3.10.2 Processors Pipeline 3.10.2.1 General Pipeline Characteristics F1 F2 ID RF X1 X2 XWB M1 M2 Mx D1 D2 3.10.2.2 Instruction Flow Through the Pipeline 3.10.2.3 Main Execution Pipeline 3.10.2.4 Memory Pipeline 3.10.2.5 Multiply/Multiply Accumulate (MAC) Pipeline 3.10.3 Basic Optimizations 3.10.3.1 Conditional Instructions Page Page Page Page 3.10.3.2 Bit Field Manipulation 3.10.3.3 Optimizing the Use of Immediate Values 3.10.3.4 Optimizing Integer Multiply and Divide 3.10.3.5 Effective Use of Addressing Modes 3.10.4 Cache and Prefetch Optimizations 3.10.4.1 Instruction Cache 3.10.4.2 Data and Mini Cache Page Page 3.10.4.3 Cache Considerations 3.10.4.4 Prefetch Considerations Page Page Page Page Page 3.10.5 Instruction Scheduling 3.10.5.1 Scheduling Loads Page Page Page 3.10.5.2 Scheduling Data Processing Instructions 3.10.5.3 Scheduling Multiply Instructions 3.10.5.4 Scheduling SWP and SWPB Instructions 3.10.5.5 Scheduling the MRA and MAR Instructions (MRRC/MCRR) 3.10.5.6 Scheduling the MIA and MIAPH Instructions 3.10.5.7 Scheduling MRS and MSR Instructions 3.10.5.8 Scheduling CP15 Coprocessor Instructions 3.10.6 Optimizing C Libraries 3.10.7 Optimizations for Size 3.10.7.1 Space/Performance Trade Off Page Page 4.0 Network Processor Engines (NPE) Page 5.0 Internal Bus 5.1 Internal Bus Arbiters 5.1.1 Priority Mechanism 5.2 Memory Map Table 96. Memory Map Page 6.0 PCI Controller Figure 30. Processors PCI Bus Configured as a Host Figure 31. Processors PCI Bus Configured as an Option Page Page Page 6.1 PCI Controller Configured as Host Page Page 6.1.1 Example: Generating a PCI Configuration Write and Read Page 6.2 PCI Controller Configured as Option 6.3 Initializing PCI Controller Configuration and Status Registers for Data Transactions Page Page 6.3.2 Example: PCI Memory Base Address Register and South-AHB Translation 6.4 Initializing the PCI Controller Configuration Registers Page Page 6.5 PCI Controller South AHB Transactions Table 101. PCI Configuration Space Table 102. Command Type for PCI Controller Configuration and Status Register Accesses Table 100. PCI Byte Enables Using CRP Access Method 6.6 PCI Controller Functioning as Bus Initiator 6.6.1 PCI Byte Enables 6.6.2 Initiated Type-0 Read Transaction 6.6.3 Initiated Type-0 Write Transaction 6.6.4 Initiated Type-1 Read Transaction 6.6.5 Initiated Type-1 Write Transaction 6.6.6 Initiated Memory Read Transaction 6.6.7 Initiated Memory Write Transaction 6.6.8 Initiated I/O Read Transaction 6.6.9 Initiated I/O Write Transaction 6.6.10 Initiated Burst Memory Read Transaction 6.6.11 Initiated Burst Memory Write Transaction 6.7 PCI Controller Functioning as Bus Target 6.8 PCI Controller DMA Controller Page Page Page 6.8.1 AHB to PCI DMA Channel Operation 6.8.2 PCI to AHB DMA Channel Operation 6.9 PCI Controller Door Bell Register 6.10 PCI Controller Interrupts 6.10.1 PCI Interrupt Generation 6.10.2 Internal Interrupt Generation 6.11 PCI Controller Endian Control Page Page Page Page Page Page 6.12 PCI Controller Clock and Reset Generation 6.13 PCI RCOMP Circuitry 6.14 Register Descriptions 6.14.1 PCI Configuration Registers 6.14.1.1 Device ID/Vendor ID Register (PCI_DIDVID) 6.14.1.2 Status Register/Control Register (PCI_SRCR) Table 103. PCI Configuration Register Map (Sheet 2 of 2) Page 6.14.1.3 Class Code/Revision ID Register (PCI_CCRID) 6.14.1.4 BIST/Header Type/Latency Timer/Cache Line Register (PCI_BHLC) 6.14.1.5 Base Address 0 Register (PCI_BAR0) 6.14.1.6 Base Address 1 Register (PCI_BAR1) 6.14.1.7 Base Address 2 Register (PCI_BAR2) 6.14.1.8 Base Address 3 Register (PCI_BAR3) 6.14.1.9 Base Address 4 Register (PCI_BAR4) 6.14.1.10 Base Address 5 Register (PCI_BAR5) 6.14.1.11 Subsystem ID/Subsystem Vendor ID Register (PCI_SIDSVID) 6.14.1.12 Max_Lat, Min_Gnt, Interrupt Pin, and Interrupt Line Register (PCI_LATINT) 6.14.1.13 Retry Timeout/TRDY Timeout Register (PCI_RTOTTO) 6.14.2 PCI Controller Configuration and Status Registers 6.14.2.1 PCI Controller Non-pre-fetch Address Register (PCI_NP_AD) 6.14.2.2 PCI Controller Non-pre-fetch Command/Byte Enables Register (PCI_NP_CBE) 6.14.2.3 PCI Controller Non-Pre-fetch Write Data Register (PCI_NP_WDATA) 6.14.2.4 PCI Controller Non-Pre-fetch Read Data Register (PCI_NP_RDATA) 6.14.2.5 PCI Controller Configuration Port Address/Command/ Byte Enables Register (PCI_CRP_AD_CBE) 6.14.2.6 PCI Controller Configuration Port Write Data Register (PCI_CRP_WDATA) 6.14.2.7 PCI Controller Configuration Port Read Data Register (PCI_CRP_RDATA) 6.14.2.8 PCI Controller Control and Status Register (PCI_CSR) 6.14.2.9 PCI Controller Interrupt Status Register (PCI_ISR) 6.14.2.10 PCI Controller Interrupt Enable Register (PCI_INTEN) 6.14.2.11 DMA Control Register (PCI_DMACTRL) 6.14.2.12 AHB Memory Base Address Register (PCI_AHBMEMBASE) 6.14.2.13 AHB I/O Base Address Register (PCI_AHBIOBASE) 6.14.2.14 PCI Memory Base Address Register (PCI_PCIMEMBASE) 6.14.2.15 AHB Doorbell Register (PCI_AHBDOORBELL) 6.14.2.16 PCI Doorbell Register (PCI_PCIDOORBELL) 6.14.2.17 AHB to PCI DMA AHB Address Register 0 (PCI_ATPDMA0_AHBADDR) 6.14.2.18 AHB to PCI DMA PCI Address Register 0 (PCI_ATPDMA0_PCIADDR) 6.14.2.19 AHB to PCI DMA Length Register 0 (PCI_ATPDMA0_LENGTH) 6.14.2.20 AHB to PCI DMA AHB Address Register 1 (PCI_ATPDMA1_AHBADDR) 6.14.2.21 AHB to PCI DMA PCI Address Register 1 (PCI_ATPDMA1_PCIADDR) 6.14.2.22 AHB to PCI DMA Length Register 1 (PCI_ATPDMA1_LENGTH) 6.14.2.23 PCI to AHB DMA AHB Address Register 0 (PCI_PTADMA0_AHBADDR) 6.14.2.24 PCI to AHB DMA PCI Address Register 0 (PCI_PTADMA0_PCIADDR) 6.14.2.25 PCI to AHB DMA Length Register 0 (PCI_PTADMA0_LENGTH) 6.14.2.26 PCI to AHB DMA AHB Address Register 1 (PCI_PTADMA1_AHBADDR) 6.14.2.27 PCI to AHB DMA PCI Address Register 1 (PCI_PTADMA1_PCIADDR) 6.14.2.28 PCI to AHB DMA Length Register 1 (PCI_PTADMA1_LENGTH) Page Page 7.0 SDRAM Controller Order Number: 252480-006US 277 SDRAM ControllerIntel IXP42X product line and IXC1100 control plane processors Figure 53. 8-, 16-, 32-, 64- or 128-Mbyte One-Bank SDRAM Interface Configuration B4963-01 Intel IXP42X Product Line / Intel IXC1100 Control Plane Processor Intel IXP42X product line and IXC1100 control plane processorsSDRAM Controller 278 Order Number: 252480-006US Figure 54. 64-, 128- or 256-Mbyte Two-Bank SDRAM Interface Configuration Intel B4964-01 IXP42X Product Line / Intel IXC1100 Control Plane Processor 7.1 SDRAM Memory Space 7.2 Initializing the SDRAM Controller Page Page Page 7.2.1 Initializing the SDRAM Page 7.3 SDRAM Memory Accesses 7.3.1 Read Transfer 7.3.1.1 Read Cycle Timing (CAS Latency of Two Cycles) Intel IXP42X product line and IXC1100 control plane processorsSDRAM Controller 286 Order Number: 252480-006US 7.3.2 Write Transfer 7.3.2.1 Write Transfer Figure 56. SDRAM Shared South AHB and North AHB Access SDRAM CYCLE READ CAS LATENCY = 2 Transaction on AHB1 and AHB0 7.4 Register Description 7.4.1 Configuration Register 7.4.2 Refresh Register 7.4.3 Instruction Register Table 114. SDRAM Configuration Options Table 115. SDRAM Burst Definitions Table 115. SDRAM Burst Definitions Table 116. SDRAM Commands Page 8.0 Expansion Bus Controller 8.1 Expansion Bus Address Space 8.2 Chip Select Address Allocation 8.3 Address and Data Byte Steering SIZE = 2 cs_n[x] Table 118. Expansion Bus Address and Data Byte Steering 8.4 Expansion Bus Connections 8.5 Expansion Bus Interface Configuration Page Page 8.6 Using I/O Wait Page 8.7 Special Design Knowledge for Using HPI mode .... Page 8.8 Expansion Bus Interface Access Timing Diagrams 8.8.1 Intel Multiplexed-Mode Write Access Figure 63. Expansion-Bus Write (Intel Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.2 Intel Multiplexed-Mode Read Access Figure 64. Expansion-Bus Read (Intel Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.3 Intel Simplex-Mode Write Access Figure 65. Expansion-Bus Write (Intel Simplex Write Mode) Valid Address T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 8.8.4 Intel Simplex-Mode Read Access Figure 66. Expansion-Bus Read (Intel Simplex Mode) Valid Data Valid Address T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 8.8.5 Motorola* Multiplexed-Mode Write Access Figure 67. Expansion-Bus Write (Motorola* Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.6 Motorola* Multiplexed-Mode Read Access Figure 68. Expansion-Bus Read (Motorola* Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.7 Motorola* Simplex-Mode Write Access Figure 69. Expansion-Bus Write (Motorola* Simplex Mode) 8.8.8 Motorola* Simplex-Mode Read Access Figure 70. Expansion-Bus Read (Motorola* Simplex Mode) 8.8.9 TI* HPI-8 Write Access Figure 71. Expansion-Bus Write (TI* HPI-8 Mode) Valid Address T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 HPI-8 Mode Write 8.8.10 TI* HPI-8 Read Access Figure 72. Expansion-Bus Read (TI* HPI-8 Mode) Accesses Valid Address T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 8.8.11 TI* HPI-16, Multiplexed-Mode Write Access Figure 73. Expansion-Bus Write (TI* HPI-16 Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.12 TI* HPI-16, Multiplexed-Mode Read Access Figure 74. Expansion-Bus Read (TI* HPI-16 Multiplexed Mode) 8.8.13 TI* HPI-16 Simplex-Mode Write Access Figure 75. Expansion-Bus Write (TI* HPI-16 Simplex Mode) 8.8.14 TI* HPI-16 Simplex-Mode Read Access Figure 76. Expansion-Bus Read (TI* HPI-16 Simplex Mode) 8.9 Register Descriptions 8.9.1 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 0 8.9.2 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 1 Table 122. Expansion Bus Register Overview 8.9.3 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 2 8.9.4 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 3 8.9.5 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 4 8.9.6 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 5 8.9.7 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 6 8.9.8 Timing and Control Registers for Chip Select 7 8.9.9 Configuration Register 0 Table 123. Bit Level Definition for each of the Timing and Control Registers Table 124. Configuration Register 0 Description 8.9.9.1 User-Configurable Field 8.9.10 Configuration Register 1 BYTE_SWAP_EN Table 126. Expansion Bus Configuration Register 1-Bit Definition 8.10 Expansion Bus Controller Performance Tabl e 127 shows simulated expansion bus throughput. Table 127. Simulated Expansion Bus Performance Page 9.0 AHB/APB Bridge Order Number: 252480-006US 329 AHB/APB BridgeIntel IXP42X product line and IXC1100 control plane processors Figure 77. APB Interface Table 128. Address Map for the APB Page 10.0 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transceiver (UART) 10.1 High Speed UART Start LSB MSB UART TXD or RXD Bit Definition Figure 79. UART Block Diagram 10.2 Configuring the UART 10.2.1 Setting the Baud Rate 10.2.2 Setting Data Bits/Stop Bits/Parity Page 10.2.3 Using the Modem Control Signals 10.2.4 UART Interrupts Page Page 10.3 Transmitting and Receiving UART Data 10110 Page 10.4 Register Descriptions 10.4.1 Receive Buffer Register 10.4.2 Transmit Holding Register 10.4.3 Divisor Latch Low Register 10.4.4 Divisor Latch High Register 10.4.5 Interrupt Enable Register 10.4.6 Interrupt Identification Register Page 10.4.7 FIFO Control Register Table 135. UART IDD Bit Mapping 10.4.8 Line Control Register Page 10.4.9 Modem Control Register 0 = Normal UART operation 1 = Test mode UART operation 10.4.10 Line Status Register 10.4.11 Modem Status Register 10.4.12 Scratch-Pad Register 10.4.13 Infrared Selection Register 10.5 Console UART 10.5.1 Register Description Table 136. Console UART Registers Overview 10.5.1.1 Receive Buffer Register 10.5.1.2 Transmit Holding Register Table 136. Console U ART Registers Overview 10.5.1.3 Divisor Latch Low Register 10.5.1.4 Divisor Latch High Register 10.5.1.5 Interrupt Enable Register The DLAB bit in the Line Control Register must be set to logic 0 to access this register. 10.5.1.6 Interrupt Identification Register Table 137. Priority Levels of Interrupt Identification Register 10.5.1.7 FIFO Control Register Table 138. UART Interrupt Identification Bit Level Definition 10.5.1.8 Line Control Register Page 10.5.1.9 Modem Control Register 10.5.1.10 Line Status Register 10.5.1.11 Modem Status Register 10.5.1.12 Scratch-Pad Register 10.5.1.13 Infrared Selection Register Page Page 11.0 Internal Bus Performance Monitoring Unit (IBPMU) 11.1 Initializing the IBPMU 11.2 Using the IBPMU Page 11.2.1 Monitored Events South AHB and North AHB Table 142. North and South Modes Event Descriptions (Sheet 1 of 2) 11.2.2 Monitored SDRAM Events 11.2.3 Cycle Count Table 142. North and South Modes Event Descriptions (Sheet 2 of 2) 11.3 Register Descriptions 11.3.1 Event Select Register Page Table 144. Possible Event Settings 11.3.2 PMU Status Register (PSR) 11.3.3 Programmable Event Counters (PEC1) 11.3.4 Programmable Event Counters (PEC2) 11.3.5 Programmable Event Counters (PEC3) 11.3.6 Programmable Event Counters (PEC4) 11.3.7 Programmable Event Counters (PEC5) 11.3.8 Programmable Event Counters (PEC6) 11.3.9 Programmable Event Counters (PEC7) 11.3.10 Previous Master/Slave Register (PSMR) Page 12.0 General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) 12.1 Using GPIO as Inputs/Outputs 12.2 Using GPIO as Interrupt Inputs Page 12.3 Using GPIO 14 and GPIO 15 as Clocks Table 146. GPIO Clock Frequency Select Table 147. GPIO Duty Cycle Select (Sheet 1 of 2) 12.4 Register Description 12.4.1 GPIO Output Register (GPOUTR) Table 147. GPIO Duty Cycle Select (Sheet 2 of 2) Table 148. GPIO Registers Overview 12.4.2 GPIO Output Enable Register (GPOER) 12.4.3 GPIO Input Register (GPINR) This is a read-only register. This register contains the level of the I/O pin, either a 1 or a 0. 12.4.4 GPIO Interrupt Status Register (GPISR) 12.4.5 GP Interrupt Type Register 1 (GPIT1R) 12.4.6 GPIO Interrupt Type Register 2 (GPIT2R) 12.4.7 GPIO Clock Register (GPCLKR) Page Page 13.0 Interrupt Controller 13.1 Interrupt Priority 13.2 Assigning FIQ or IRQ Interrupts 13.3 Enabling and Disabling Interrupts 13.4 Reading Interrupt Status 13.5 Interrupt Controller Register Description 13.5.1 Interrupt Status Register Table 149. Interrupt Controller Registers Page 13.5.2 Interrupt-Enable Register 13.5.3 Interrupt Select Register 13.5.5 FIQ Status Register 13.5.4 IRQ Status Register 13.5.6 Interrupt Priority Register 13.5.7 IRQ Highest-Priority Register 13.5.8 FIQ Highest-Priority Register Page 14.0 Timers 14.1 Watch-Dog Timer 14.2 Time-Stamp Timer 14.3 General-Purpose Timers Page 14.4 Timer Register Definition 14.4.1 Time-Stamp Timer 14.4.2 General-Purpose Timer 0 Table 150. Timer Registers 14.4.3 General-Purpose Timer 0 Reload 14.4.4 General-Purpose Timer 1 14.4.5 General-Purpose Timer 1 Reload 14.4.6 Watch-Dog Timer 14.4.7 Watch-Dog Enable Register 14.4.8 Watch-Dog Key Register 14.4.9 Timer Status 15.0 Ethernet MAC A 15.1 Ethernet Coprocessor Figure 80. Multiple Ethernet PHYS Connected to Processor Intel IXP42X Product Line / IXC1100 Control Plane Processor Figure 81. Ethernet Coprocessor Interface Interface Logic 15.1.1 Ethernet Coprocessor APB Interface 15.1.2 Ethernet Coprocessor NPE Interface 15.1.3 Ethernet Coprocessor MDIO Interface Page 15.1.4 Transmitting Ethernet Frames with MII Interfaces Figure 82. MDIO Write Figure 83. MDIO Read MDC MDIO MDC MDIO Page Page 15.1.5 Receiving Ethernet Frames with MII Interfaces Page 15.1.6 General Ethernet Coprocessor Configuration Page 15.2 Register Descriptions 15.2.1 Transmit Control 1 15.2.2 Transmit Control 2 15.2.3 Receive Control 1 15.2.4 Receive Control 2 15.2.5 Random Seed 15.2.6 Threshold For Partially Empty 15.2.7 Threshold For Partially Full 15.2.8 Buffer Size For Transmit 15.2.9 Transmit Deferral Parameters 15.2.10 Receive Deferral Parameters 15.2.11 Transmit Two Part Deferral Parameters 1 15.2.12 Transmit Two Part Deferral Parameters 2 15.2.13 Slot Time 15.2.14 MDIO Commands Registers 15.2.16 MDIO Command 2 15.2.15 MDIO Command 1 15.2.17 MDIO Command 3 15.2.18 MDIO Command 4 15.2.19 MDIO Status Registers 15.2.20 MDIO Status 1 15.2.21 MDIO Status 2 15.2.23 MDIO Status 4 15.2.22 MDIO Status 3 15.2.24 Address Mask Registers 15.2.25 Address Mask 1 15.2.26 Address Mask 2 15.2.27 Address Mask 3 15.2.29 Address Mask 5 15.2.28 Address Mask 4 15.2.30 Address Mask 6 15.2.31 Address Registers 15.2.32 Address 1 15.2.33 Address 2 15.2.35 Address 4 15.2.34 Address 3 15.2.36 Address 5 15.2.37 Address 6 15.2.38 Threshold for Internal Clock 15.2.39 Unicast Address Registers 15.2.40 Unicast Address 1 15.2.41 Unicast Address 2 15.2.43 Unicast Address 4 15.2.42 Unicast Address 3 15.2.44 Unicast Address 5 15.2.45 Unicast Address 6 15.2.46 Core Control Page 16.0 Ethernet MAC B Table 153. Ethernet MAC B Registers (Sheet 1 of 2) Table 153. Ethernet MAC B Registers (Sheet 2 of 2) 17.0 High-Speed Serial Interfaces 17.1 High-Speed Serial Interface Receive Operation 17.2 High-Speed Serial Interface Transmit Operation 17.3 Configuration of the High-Speed Serial Interface Page Page 17.4 Obtaining High-Speed, Serial Synchronization 17.5 HSS Registers and Clock Configuration 17.5.1 HSS Clock and Jitter 17.5.2 Overview of HSS Clock Configuration Table 156. HSS Tx/Rx Clock Output Frequencies and PPM Error Table 155. HSS Tx/Rx Clock Output Table 157. HSS Tx/Rx Clock Output Frequencies And Their Associated Jitter Characterization Table 158. HSS Frame Output Characterization 17.6 HSS Supported Framing Protocols hss_rx_data hss_rx_clock hss_rx_frame FBit data1 data 192data 191 FBitdata2 data1 17.6.2 E1 hss_tx_data hss_tx_cl ock hss_tx_fr ame data 1 data 2 data 3 data 256data 255 data 1 data 2 17.6.3 MVIP hss_rx_data hss_rx_clock hss_rx_frame data1 data3 data2data1data256data2 data255 17.6.3.1 MVIP using 2.048Mbps Backplane Page 17.6.3.2 MVIP Using 4.096-Mbps Backplane 17.6.3.3 MVIP Using 8.192-Mbps Backplane Page Page Page 18.0 Universal Serial Bus (USB) v1.1 Device Controller 18.1 USB Overview 18.2 Device Configuration 18.3 USB Operation 18.3.1 Signalling Levels 18.3.2 Bit Encoding 18.3.3 Field Formats Page 18.3.4 Packet Formats 18.3.4.1 Token Packet Type 18.3.4.2 Start-of-Frame Packet Type 18.3.4.3 Data Packet Type 18.3.4.4 Handshake Packet Type 18.3.5 Transaction Formats 18.3.5.1 Bulk Transaction Type 18.3.5.2 Isochronous Transaction Type 18.3.5.3 Control Transaction Type 18.3.5.4 Interrupt Transaction Type 18.3.6 UDC Device Requests 18.3.7 UDC Configuration 18.4 UDC Hardware Connections 18.4.1 Self-Powered Device 18.4.2 Bus-Powered Devices 18.5 Register Descriptions Page 18.5.1 UDC Control Register (UDCCR) 18.5.1.1 UDC Enable 18.5.1.2 UDC Active 18.5.1.3 UDC Resume (RSM) 18.5.1.4 Resume Interrupt Request (RESIR) 18.5.1.5 Suspend Interrupt Request (SUSIR) 18.5.1.6 Suspend/Resume Interrupt Mask (SRM) 18.5.1.7 Reset Interrupt Request (RSTIR) 18.5.1.8 Reset Interrupt Mask (REM) 18.5.2 UDC Endpoint 0 Control/Status Register (UDCCS0) 18.5.2.1 OUT Packet Ready (OPR) 18.5.2.2 IN Packet Ready (IPR) 18.5.2.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.2.4 Device Remote Wake-Up Feature (DRWF) 18.5.2.5 Sent Stall (SST) 18.5.2.6 Force Stall (FST) 18.5.2.7 Receive FIFO Not Empty (RNE) 18.5.3 UDC Endpoint 1 Control/Status Register (UDCCS1) 18.5.3.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.3.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.3.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.3.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.3.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.3.6 Force STALL (FST) 18.5.4 UDC Endpoint 2 Control/Status Register (UDCCS2) 18.5.4.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.4.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.4.3 Bit 2 Reserved 18.5.4.4 Bit 2 Reserved 18.5.4.5 Sent Stall (SST) 18.5.4.8 Receive Short Packet (RSP) 18.5.5 UDC Endpoint 3 Control/Status Register (UDCCS3) 18.5.5.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.5.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.5.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.5.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.6 UDC Endpoint 4 Control/Status Register (UDCCS4) 18.5.6.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.6.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.6.3 Receive Overflow (ROF) 18.5.6.4 Bit 3 Reserved 18.5.6.5 Bit 4 Reserved 18.5.6.6 Bit 5 Reserved 18.5.7 UDC Endpoint 5 Control/Status Register (UDCCS5) 18.5.7.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.7.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.7.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.7.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.7.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.7.6 Force STALL (FST) 18.5.7.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.8 UDC Endpoint 6 Control/Status Register (UDCCS6) 18.5.8.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.8.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.8.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.8.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.8.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.8.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.8.8 Transmit Short Packet (TSP) 18.5.9 UDC Endpoint 7 Control/Status Register (UDCCS7) 18.5.9.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.9.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.9.3 Bit 2 Reserved 18.5.9.4 Bit 3 Reserved 18.5.9.7 Receive FIFO Not Empty (RNE) 18.5.9.8 Receive Short Packet (RSP) 18.5.10 UDC Endpoint 8 Control/Status Register (UDCCS8) 18.5.10.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.10.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.10.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.10.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.10.6 Bit 5 Reserved Bit 5 is reserved for future use. 18.5.10.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.10.8 Transmit Short Packet (TSP) 18.5.11 UDC Endpoint 9 Control/Status Register (UDCCS9) 18.5.11.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.11.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.11.3 Receive Overflow (ROF) 18.5.11.4 Bit 3 Reserved 18.5.12 UDC Endpoint 10 Control/Status Register (UDCCS10) 18.5.12.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.12.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.12.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.12.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.12.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.12.6 Force STALL (FST) 18.5.12.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.13 UDC Endpoint 11 Control/Status Register (UDCCS11) 18.5.13.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.13.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.13.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.13.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.13.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.13.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.13.8 Transmit Short Packet (TSP) 18.5.14 UDC Endpoint 12 Control/Status Register (UDCCS12) 18.5.14.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.14.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.14.3 Bit 2 Reserved 18.5.14.4 Bit 3 Reserved 18.5.14.6 Force Stall (FST) 18.5.14.7 Receive FIFO Not Empty (RNE) 18.5.14.8 Receive Short Packet (RSP) 18.5.15 UDC Endpoint 13 Control/Status Register (UDCCS13) 18.5.15.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.15.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.15.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.15.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.15.5 Bit 4 Reserved 18.5.15.6 Bit 5 Reserved 18.5.15.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.15.8 Transmit Short Packet (TSP) 18.5.16 UDC Endpoint 14 Control/Status Register (UDCCS14) 18.5.16.1 Receive FIFO Service (RFS) 18.5.16.2 Receive Packet Complete (RPC) 18.5.16.3 Receive Overflow (ROF) 18.5.16.4 Bit 3 Reserved 18.5.16.7 Receive FIFO Not Empty (RNE) 18.5.16.8 Receive Short Packet (RSP) 18.5.17 UDC Endpoint 15 Control/Status Register (UDCCS15) 18.5.17.1 Transmit FIFO Service (TFS) 18.5.17.2 Transmit Packet Complete (TPC) 18.5.17.3 Flush Tx FIFO (FTF) 18.5.17.4 Transmit Underrun (TUR) 18.5.17.5 Sent STALL (SST) 18.5.17.6 Force STALL (FST) 18.5.17.7 Bit 6 Reserved 18.5.17.8 Transmit Short Packet (TSP) 18.5.18 UDC Interrupt Control Register 0 (UICR0) 18.5.18.1 Interrupt Mask Endpoint x (IMx), Where x is 0 through 7 18.5.19 UDC Interrupt Control Register 1 (UICR1) 18.5.19.1 Interrupt Mask Endpoint x (IMx), where x is 8 through 15. 18.5.20 UDC Status/Interrupt Register 0 (UISR0) 18.5.20.1 Endpoint 0 Interrupt Request (IR0) 18.5.20.2 Endpoint 1 Interrupt Request (IR1) 18.5.20.3 Endpoint 2 Interrupt Request (IR2) 18.5.20.4 Endpoint 3 Interrupt Request (IR3) 18.5.20.5 Endpoint 4 Interrupt Request (IR4) 18.5.20.7 Endpoint 6 Interrupt Request (IR6) 18.5.20.8 Endpoint 7 Interrupt Request (IR7) 18.5.21 UDC Status/Interrupt Register 1 (USIR1) 18.5.21.1 Endpoint 8 Interrupt Request (IR8) 18.5.21.2 Endpoint 9 Interrupt Request (IR9) 18.5.21.3 Endpoint 10 Interrupt Request (IR10) 18.5.21.4 Endpoint 11 Interrupt Request (IR11) 18.5.22 UDC Frame Number High Register (UFNHR) 18.5.22.1 UDC Frame Number MSB (FNMSB) 18.5.22.2 Isochronous Packet Error Endpoint 4 (IPE4) 18.5.22.3 Isochronous Packet Error Endpoint 9 (IPE9) 18.5.22.4 Isochronous Packet Error Endpoint 14 (IPE14) 18.5.22.5 Start of Frame Interrupt Mask (SIM) 18.5.22.6 Start of Frame Interrupt Request (SIR) 18.5.23 UDC Frame Number Low Register (UFNLR) 18.5.24 UDC Byte Count Register 2 (UBCR2) The Byte-Count Register maintains the remaining byte count in the active buffer of OUT endpoint2. 18.5.24.1 Endpoint 2 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.25 UDC Byte Count Register 4 (UBCR4) 18.5.25.1 Endpoint 4 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.26 UDC Byte Count Register 7 (UBCR7) 18.5.26.1 Endpoint 7 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.27 UDC Byte Count Register 9 (UBCR9) 18.5.27.1 Endpoint 9 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.28 UDC Byte Count Register 12 (UBCR12) 18.5.28.1 Endpoint 12 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.29 UDC Byte Count Register 14 (UBCR14) 18.5.29.1 Endpoint 14 Byte Count (BC[7:0]) 18.5.30 UDC Endpoint 0 Data Register (UDDR0) 18.5.31 UDC Data Register 1 (UDDR1) 18.5.32 UDC Data Register 2 (UDDR2) 18.5.33 UDC Data Register 3 (UDDR3) 18.5.34 UDC Data Register 4 (UDDR4) 18.5.35 UDC Data Register 5 (UDDR5) 18.5.36 UDC Data Register 6 (UDDR6) 18.5.37 UDC Data Register 7 (UDDR7) 18.5.38 UDC Data Register 8 (UDDR8) 18.5.39 UDC Data Register 9 (UDDR9) 18.5.40 UDC Data Register 10 (UDDR10) 18.5.41 UDC Data Register 11 (UDDR11) 18.5.42 UDC Data Register 12 (UDDR12) 18.5.43 UDC Data Register 13 (UDDR13) 18.5.44 UDC Data Register 14 (UDDR14) 18.5.45 UDC Data Register 15 (UDDR15) 19.0 UTOPIA Level-2 Page 19.1 UTOPIA Transmit Module Page Page 19.2 UTOPIA Receive Module Page 19.3 UTOPIA-2 Coprocessor / NPE Coprocessor: Bus Interface 19.4 MPHY Polling Routines 19.5 UTOPIA Level-2 Clocks Page 20.0 JTAG Interface 20.1 TAP Controller 20.1.1 Test-Logic-Reset State 20.1.2 Run-Test/Idle State 20.1.3 Select-DR-Scan State 20.1.4 Capture-DR State 20.1.5 Shift-DR State 20.1.6 Exit1-DR State 20.1.7 Pause-DR State 20.1.8 Exit2-DR State 20.1.9 Update-DR State 20.1.10 Select-IR-Scan State 20.1.11 Capture-IR State 20.1.12 Shift-IR State 20.1.13 Exit1-IR State 20.1.14 Pause-IR State 20.2 JTAG Instructions 20.3 Data Registers 20.3.1 Boundary Scan Register 20.3.2 Instruction Register 20.3.3 JTAG Device ID Register 21.0 AHB Queue Manager (AQM) 21.1 Overview 21.2 Feature List 21.3 Functional Description 21.4 AHB Interface 21.4.1 Queue Control 21.4.2 Queue Status 21.4.2.1 Status Update 21.4.2.2 Flag Bus Table 177. Queue Status Flags 21.4.2.3 Status Interrupts 21.5 Register Descriptions 21.5.1 Queue Access Word Registers 0 - 63 21.5.2 Queues 0-31 Status Register 0 - 3 21.5.3 Underflow/Overflow Status Register 0 - 1 21.5.4 Queues 32-63 Nearly Empty Status Register 21.5.5 Queues 32-63 Full Status Register 21.5.6 Interrupt 0 Status Flag Source Select Register 0 3 21.5.7 Queue Interrupt Enable Register 0 1 21.5.8 Queue Interrupt Register 0 1 21.5.9 Queue Configuration Words 0 - 63