Subnet Masks and Octets
The subnet mask (figure 86) is used to determine whether the local and remote devices are on the same subnet or different subnets. The subnet mask consists of four numeric octets separated by dots. Each octet can be numbered from 000 through 255. Leading zeroes, up to three digits total per octet, are optional. Each octet typically contains either 255 or 0. The octets determine whether or not the same octets of two IP addresses will be compared when determining if two devices are on the same subnet.
255 indicates that this octet will be compared between two IP addresses.
0 indicates that this octet will not be compared between two IP addresses.
Typical Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0
Octets
Figure 86. Typical Subnet Mask
Determining Whether Devices are on the Same Subnet
To determine the subnet, the IP address of the local device is compared to the IP address of the remote device (figure 87). The octets of each address are compared or not compared, depending on the value in the related subnet mask octet.
•If a subnet mask octet contains the value 255, the related octets of the IP addresses of the local device and the remote device are unmasked.
Unmasked octets are compared (indicated by ? in figure 87).
•If the subnet mask octet contains the value 0, the related octets of the IP addresses of the local device and remote device are masked.
Masked octets are not compared (indicated by X in figure 87).
If the unmasked octets of the two IP addresses match (indicated by = in figure 87, example 1), the two addresses are on the same subnet.
If the two unmasked fields do not match (indicated by ≠ in figure 87, example 2 and example 3), the addresses are not on the same subnet.
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| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |||
Local IP Address: | 192.168.254.254 |
| 192.168.254.254 |
| 192.168.254.254 |
| |
Subnet Mask: | 255.255.0.0 (?.?.X.X) | 255.255.0.0 (?.?.X.X) | 255.255.0.0 (?.?.X.X) | ||||
Remote IP Address: | 192.168.2.25 |
| 190.190.2.25 |
| 192.190.2.25 |
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Match?: | =.=.X.X — Match | ≠.≠.X.X — No match | =.≠.X.X — No match | ||||
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| (Same subnet) | (Different subnet) | (Different subnet) | |||
Figure 87. Comparing the IP Addresses of the Local and Remote Devices
JMP 9600 Media Player • Ethernet Connection | 110 |
