Computational Instructions | Toshiba TX39 instruction

Architecture

3.4 Computational Instructions

Computational instructions perform arithmetic, logical or shift operations on values in registers. The instruction format can be R-type or I-type. With R-type instructions, the two operands and the result are register values. With I-type instructions, one of the operands is 16-bit immediate data. Computational instructions can be classified as follows.

∙ALU immediate (Table 3-4)

∙Three-operand register-type (Table 3-5)

∙Shift (Table 3-6)

∙Multiply/Divide (Table 3-7,Table3-8)

Table 3-4. ALU immediate instructions

Instruction	Format and Description
Instruction	Format and Description		op	rs	rt	immediate


Add	ADDI rt, rs, immediate
Immediate	Add 32-bit sign-extended immediate to the contents of register rs, and store the
	result in register rt. An exception is raised in the event of a two’s-complement
	overflow.
Add	ADDIU rt, rs, immediate
Immediate	Add 32-bit sign-extended immediate to the contents of register rs, and store the
Unsigned	result in register rt.	No exception is raised on a two’s-complement overflow.
Set on Less	SLTI rt, rs, immediate
Than	Compare 32-bit sign-extended immediate with the contents of register rs as
Immediate	signed 32-bit data.	If rs is less than immediate, set 1 in rt as the result;
	otherwise store 0 in rt.
Set on Less	SLTUI rt, rs, immediate
Than	Compare 32-bit sign-extended immediate with the contents of register rs as
Unsigned	unsigned 32-bit data. If rs is less than immediate, set 1 in rt as the result;
Immediate	otherwise store 0 in rt.
AND	ANDI rt, rs, immediate
Immediate	AND 32-bit zero-extended immediate with the contents of register rs, and store
	the result in register rt.
OR	ORI rt, rs, immediate
Immediate	OR 32-bit zero-extended immediate with the contents of register rs, and store
	the result in register rt.
Exclusive	XORI rt, rs, immediate
OR	Exclusive-OR 32-bit zero-extended immediate with the contents of register rs,
Immediate	and store the result in register rt.
Load Upper	LUI rt, immediate
Immediate	Shift 16-bit immediate left 16 bits, zero-fill the least significant 16 bits of the
	word, and store the result in register rt.

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Toshiba TX39 user manual Computational Instructions

Contents

TX39 Family Core Architecture Page Toshiba Contents EPC Exception Program Counter register Memory location of exception vectors Appendix a Instruction Set Details Coprocessor Unusable exception Bus Interface Unit Bus Controller / Write Buffer 227 Bus request and bus grant 227 Cache snoop 228229 230 Architecture Architecture Features IntroductionHigh-performance Risc techniques Low power consumption Signal notation Notation Used in This ManualMathematical notation Data notation Architecture Architecture Overview Registers CPU registers CP0 registers Reserved † Exception program counter Instruction Set Overview Operation code 6 bitsSource register 5 bits Destination register 5 bits Load/store ComputationalJump/branch Coprocessor Computational Instructions ALU ImmediateALU 3-operand, register type Multiply/Divide Jump/Branch InstructionsCoprocessor Instructions Special Instructions Special Instruction CP0 instructions Instruction Description CP0 Instructions Data Formats and Addressing Big endian and little endian formats Architecture Byte addresses of a misaligned word Pipeline Processing Overview User mode Kernel modeMemory Management Unit MMU 1 R3900 Processor Core operating modes Direct segment mapping KusegKseg0 Kseg1 Address mapping Architecture Instruction Set Overview Instruction FormatsInstruction Notation Byte specifications for load and store instructions Load and Store Instructions Base Offset Sync Computational Instructions NOR SLLV, SRLV, Srav Instruction Format and Description MFHI, Mflo Instruction Format and Description MTHI, Mtlo Instruction Format and Description Architecture Jump/Branch Instructions Jump instructionsInstruction Format and Description Instruction in the delay slot is executed during the jump 10. Branch instructions Architecture Special Instructions 11. Special instructions Coprocessor Instructions COPz Instruction Format and DescriptionBCzT, BCzF Instruction Format and Description Architecture Restore From System Control Coprocessor CP0 Instructions13. System control coprocessor CP0 instructions Cache Instruction Format and Description Pipeline Architecture Delay Slot Delayed loadDelayed branching Nonblocking Load Function Nonblocking load function Divide Instruction DIV, Divu Streaming Memory Management Unit MMU R3900 Processor Core Operating Modes Direct Segment Mapping Internal MMU virtual address space Kuseg 512MB Exception Processing Utlb TLBL2 Exception Processing Registers Cause registerStatus register Cache register Cause register register no.13 Bits Mnemonic Field name DescriptionRead/Write ExcCode field Mnemonic Cause Status register register no.12 BitsField name Description Read Status register 1/2 Bits Mnemonic Field name Description Value on Read KUc/KUp/KUo Kernel/User mode current/previous/old IEc/IEp/IEo Interrupt Enable current/previous/oldNmI Non-maskable Interrupt IntMask Interrupt Mask Cache register register no.7 Cache register DALc/DALp/DALo Data Cache Auto-Lock current/previous/old IAL DAL Shows how the RFE instruction works BadVAddr Bad Virtual Address register register no.8 PRId Processor Revision Identifier register register no.15 Config Configuration register register no.3 21-19 10. Config register2/2 Exception Details Address Error exception ∙ Causes ∙ Exception mask∙ Applicable instructions ∙ Processing Breakpoint exception ∙ Cause ∙ Servicing Bus Error exception ∙ Causes Architecture Coprocessor Unusable exception ∙ Cause Interrupts ∙ Cause Overflow exception ∙ Cause Reserved Instruction exception ∙ Cause Reset exception ∙ Cause System Call exception ∙ Cause Non-maskable interrupt ∙ Cause Architecture Priority of Exceptions Return from Exception HandlerPriority of Exceptions Exception Mnemonic Architecture Caches Instruction Cache Data cache configuration Data Cache Lock bit setting Lock functionOperation during lock Lock bit clearing Auto-lock bits Cache Test Function Cache disablingCache flushing Example Cache Refill Cache refill Cache Snoop Architecture Debugging Functions System Control Processor CP0 Registers PRId Processor revision ID Debug †† Debug exception control Depc †† DBD Debug Branch Delay DM Debug Mode 0 at resetDebug register register no.16 BsF Bus Error Exception Flag SSt Single at resetNIS Non-maskable Interrupt Status OES Other Exceptions Status Debug Exceptions DSS bitTypes of debug exceptions Debug Single Step DSS Branching to a debug exception handler Ii Debug exception handler execution Iii Return from a debug exception handler Executing a Deret instructionException priorities Details of Debug Exceptions Single Step exception ∙ Cause∙ Exception masking ∙ Instruction causing this exception Debug Breakpoint exception ∙ Cause Architecture Appendix a Instruction Set Details Instruction Classes Instruction Formats Instruction Notation Conventions Twos complement division Bitwise logical XOR operation Examples of Instruction Notation Table A-2. Common Load/Store Functions Function Meaning Word access 32 bits Triplebyte access 24 bitsHalfword access 16 bits Byte access 8 bits Jump and Branch Instructions ADD Addi Addiu Addu Rd, rs, rt Andi BCzF Operation Code Bit Encoding BCzFL 111 BCzT 113 BCzTL 115 BEQ Beql Bgez Bgezal Bgezall Bgezl Bgtz Bgtzl Blez Blezl Bltz Bltzal Bltzall Bltzl BNE Bnel Break Bit# Cache Name Data Bit# Cache Operation Description Name CFCz COPz COPz CTCz Deret DIV Divu Jump JAL Jalr JR rs LB rt, offsetbase LBU LH rt, offsetbase LHU LUI LW rt, offsetbase LWL 152 LWR 154 Multiply/Add Maddu MFC0 MFCz MFCz MFCz Mfhi Mflo MTC0 MTCz MTCz Mthi Mtlo Mult Multu NOR Or rd, rs, rt ORI RFE SB rt, offsetbase Sdbbp SH rt, offsetbase SLL Sllv SLT Slti Sltiu Sltu SRA Srav SRL Srlv SUB Subu SW rt, offsetbase SWL 189 SWR 191 Sync Syscall XOR Xori OPcode Special functionCOPz rs COPz rt CP0 Function Notation TMPR3901F 200 R3900 Processor Core On-chip peripheral circuitsBus interface for ease of system implementation Low power consumption, optimal for portable applications Debugging support functions on chipMaximum operating frequency Package Internal Blocks R3900 Processor Core Clock generatorBus interface unit bus controller / write buffer Address protection unit 204 Configuration R3900 Processor CoreInstruction Iimitations Clock Generator Address mapping Sync NOP Address Protection Unit Registers Break Address register BAddr0-1 Break Mask register BMsk0-1 Break Control register BCnt0-1 Break Status register BSts Memory protection exception Debug Support Unit SynchronizerRegister address map BSts 0xFF00 BAddr0 Bcnt0 BMsk0 BAddr1 Bcnt1 BMsk1 INT* signal synchronization INT50 NMI* signal synchronization CPCOND* signal synchronization CPCOND31 Pins Enables internal PLL clock Mode quadruple frequency of crystal oscillatorHalt signal. Indicates that TMPR3901F is in halt mode Doze signal. Indicates that TMPR3901F is in doze mode Operations Clock∙ Master Clock ∙ Processor Clock Master clock Processor System clockClock Read Operation Single Read Bus error during a single read operation Burst Read Burst read 4 words 1 wait Bus error in burst read operation 4 words Write Operation Single write operation 2 waits Interrupts 1 NMI 2 INT50 Interrupt Bus Arbitration Bus request and bus grant BUSGNT*L Reset Half-Speed Bus Mode Single read operation in half-speed bus mode Power-Down Mode Halt mode 232 Standby Mode Standby mode PLL stop Doze Mode Reduced Frequency Mode