Intel SA-1100 manual 11.7.3.8 Big/Little Endian Select BLE, Double-Pixel Data DPD Pin Mode

Peripheral Control Module

11.7.3.8Big/Little Endian Select (BLE)

The big/little endian select (BLE) bit selects whether the LCD controller views external memory organization of the frame buffer as big or little endian. When BLE=0, little endian mode is selected and pixel data is organized within the off-chip frame buffer as shown in Figure 11-4through Figure 11-7. Pixels are packed into words starting with the least-significant nibble, byte, or half-word. When BLE=1, big endian mode is selected and pixel data is organized in memory starting with the most significant nibble, byte, or half-word. When BLE=1, palette entries are packed into half-words starting with the most significant half-word. Note that BLE does not affect the ordering of the 4-bit red/green/blue bit fields, the 4-bit monochrome field within each 16-bit palette entry, or the 2-bit pixel bit size (PBS) field contained with palette entry 0.

11.7.3.9Double-Pixel Data (DPD) Pin Mode

The double-pixel data (DPD) pin mode bit selects whether four or eight data pins are used to output pixel data to the LCD screen in single-panel monochrome mode. When DPD=0, LDD<3:0> pins are used to output 4-pixel values each pixel clock transition; when DPD=1, LDD<7:0> pins are used to output 8-pixel values each pixel clock. See the following table and figure for a comparison of how the LCD’s data pins are used in each of its display modes. Note that DPD does not affect dual-panel monochrome mode nor any of the color modes.

11.7.3.10Palette DMA Request Delay (PDD)

The 8-bit palette DMA request delay (PDD) field is used to select the minimum number of memory controller clock cycles (half the frequency of the CPU clock) to wait between the servicing of each DMA request issued while the on-chip palette is loaded. When the palette is loaded at the beginning of every frame, either 32 or 512 bytes of data must be accessed by the LCD’s DMA. Since the LCD’s DMA is the highest priority master on the ARM system bus, other masters (such as the CPU) will be denied access to the bus and may be starved. Using PDD allows other masters to gain access of the bus in between palette DMA loads, so that they are not locked from accessing the bus for an unacceptable period of time. Note that PDD does not apply to normal input FIFO DMA requests for frame buffer information since these DMA requests do not occur back-to-back. The input FIFO DMA request rate is a function of the rate at which pixels are displayed on the screen.

After a palette DMA burst cycle has completed, the value contained within PDD is loaded to a down counter that disables the palette from issuing another DMA request until the counter decrements to zero. This counter ensures that the LCD’s DMA does not fully consume the bandwidth of the SA-1100’s system bus. Once the counter reaches zero, any pending or future DMA requests by the palette cause the DMA to arbitrate for the ARM system bus (ASB). Once the DMA burst cycle has completed, the process starts over and the value in PDD is loaded to the counter to create another waitstate period, which disables the palette from issuing a DMA request. PDD can be programmed with a value that causes the FIFO to wait between 0 to 255 memory clock cycles after the completion of one DMA request to the start of the next request. When PDD=8’h00, the FIFO DMA request delay function is disabled. Note that waitstates are not inserted between DMA burst cycles that are used to fill the input FIFO with pixel data.

SA-1100 Developer’s Manual 11-31