3Com Router Configuration Guide
 Marlborough, MA
3Com Corporation
Campus Drive
01752-3064
Page
 VPN
 List conventions that are used throughout this guide
This guide describes 3Com routers and how to configure them
Text Conventions
 About this Guide
 3Com Router Introduction 3Com Router User Interface
Page
 3COM Router Introduction
 List of the 3Com Router 1.x features
Features of the 3Com
Following table lists the basic features of the 3Com Router
Router Version
 RIP-1/RIP-2
 NAT
 Quality of service
 3Com Router
 New Features of the 3Com Router 1.x
 3COM Router Introduction
 Environment
Configuration
Establish
Port
 Establish a new connection
 Set port communication parameters
 Establish a remote configuration environment
 Environment
Configuration
Connection
Router
 Workstation Ethernet
 Command Line
Interface CLI
 3COM Router User Interface
 System view Table
Views and their prompts
 Loopback 0 in any
Async 0 in any
Ethernet 0 in any
Enter controller
 Full help
Helps
Partial help
 For example
List of common command line error messages
Common error Message Causes
Routerdisplay ?
 Display Features
Command Line
Features
Three options are available for users
 User Identity
Following commands
Please perform the following commands in system view
Management
 System
Configure the router name
Set the system clock
 Reboot the system
By default, the system clock is 080000 1 1
Execute the following commands in all views
Display the System Information Router
 System Management
Page
 Storage Media and File Types Supported by the System
Softwaresoftware
 Input Ctrl+D, and the following prompt information displays
 Upgrade Boot ROM Software
 Software
Upgrade the 3Com
Router Main Program
Main Program software
 XModem Approach
 Modify the terminal baud rate
 Transfer File dialog box
 Enable the Tftp server program
Preparation for using the Tftp server
Tftp server application can run on Windows 95/98/NT
 Press Enter and the following prompts will be displayed
Tftpd32 Set interface
 Enter Ctrl+B and the system prompts
Network Interface Parameters
 Press Enter for loading
Download configuration files from a Tftp server
Operation Command Downloads the 3Com Router main
Get ip-addr file-name system
 Prepare for using the FTP server
Set an authentication mode for an FTP server
 Upgrade the 3Com Router Main Software with FTP
Enable FTP server
 FTP Approach
Back up the 3Com Router Main Program Software
Tftp Approach
Copy ip-addr file-name system
 Setup Users Dialog Box
 Port-number user user-name password
Configure on-line upgrading of the card
Update slot slot-number ftpserver host-name
Password
 Perform the following command in system view
Configuration File Management
Download Configuration File
Content and Format of the Configuration File
 Router download config
Load configuration files
Download Config
Set the binary transmission protocol to XModem/CRC
 Upload configuration files to a Tftp server
Display current-configurationcommand output backup approach
Back up Configuration Files
File-name config
 Please use the following commands in corresponding views
View router configuration
 Set the Flag Bit to Enter the Initial Setup Mode
Select and view the storage media of configuration file
Save current configuration
Erase the configuration file in storage media
 Client via port 20 and transfer data
Configure FTP
Configure authentication and authorization of FTP server
Files on the router
 Please enter the following commands in system view
Enter the following commands in system view
Configure Parameters of FTP Service
Set the authentication mode of FTP server
 Force to shut down FTP process
Set FTP update mode
Set the connection time limit of FTP service
Force to shut down FTP process
 Server Display detailed information of the FTP user
Display FTP Server Display FTP server
Display ftp-server
Display local-user
 System Management
 Service at Console Port
Terminal Service
Features of Terminal
Overview
 Terminal Message
Service
Set the attributes of terminal service
On one router
 Display Terminal Message Service
Perform the following configuration in all views
Configure Terminal Message Service
Enable/disable receiving messages from other terminals
 Terminal Service
Typical Example Terminal Message Service Configuration
Dumb Terminal
 Configure Auto-execute command
Configuration Examples Dumb Terminal Service
Configure Dumb Terminal
By default, no dumb terminal service is configured
 Configure the auto-execute command command
Terminal Service Telnet Connection
Configure the interface to dumb terminal mode
Router-Serial1auto-execute command telnet
 Service Value
Terminal service features of telnet connection
Establish Telnet Connection
 Service-port
Setup Reverse Telnet Connection
Enable Reverse Telnet connection
Establish Telnet Server or Telnet Client connection
 Example of Telnet
Typical Configuration Example of Telnet Reverse Telnet
Force shut down Telnet Process
Force to shut down Telnet process
 Example of Reverse Telnet
Rlogin Terminal
Use Rlogin protocol
Router telnet 10.110.164.44
 Rlogin ip-address username
Establish a Rlogin connection
Typical Rlogin Configuration Examples
Use local user name abc to log on
 PAD Remote
Access Service
Communicate with other terminals through the X.25 network
 Service-type type password
Configure X.25 PAD remote user
Configure X.25 PAD remote user
Local-user user-name
 Establish an X.25 PAD call
Start AAA authentication of X.25 remote users
Enable AAA authentication for X.25 remote PAD users
Establish a X.25 PAD call
 Display and Debug
II. Networking Diagram
III. Configuration Procedure
Set the Response Time to the Invite Clear Message
 RouterA-serial0x25 x121-address
Fault Diagnosis Troubleshooting
Set its X.121 address as
RouterB-serial0x25 x121-address
 Snmp Overview
Development of Snmp
 Configuring Network Management
 Snmp architecture
SNMP-supported MIB
 3Com Router-supported MIB
By default, the system disables Snmp service
Engineid
 Perform the following configurations in system view
Configure Snmp version and related tasks
 V1 username
Configure information of router administrator
Configure the traps to be sent by the router
Interface-number
 Name
Perform the following commands in all views
Display and debug Snmp
Byte-count
 Configure an IP address for the Ethernet interface ethernet
Example 1 Configure Network Management of SNMPv1
Set the community name and access authority
Examples Networking Requirements
 Rmon Overview
Configure an IP address for the Ethernet interface ethernet
Network equipment
 Schematic diagram of Rmon application
 Enable Rmon statistics
Examples Networking Requirement
 RouterA-Ethernet0 rmon promiscuous
 Commands to display information of the whole system
 Ping command
Test Tool of Network Connection
 Ping supporting IPX protocol
Ping supporting IP protocol
System displays
Ip-address
 Timeout host
Following command can be executed in any command modes
Tracert command
MaxTTL -p port -q nqueries
 Configure on the router
Log Function
 Set the direction of syslog outputting log information
 Sylog-defined severity is as follows
Set Severity of Log Information
Perform the following task in system view
Set Filter of Log Information
 Display and Debug Syslog
Configuration of Log Host
Turn on/turn off syslog
Turn on/turn off syslog
 Routerinfo-center enable
Syslog Configuration Example
Turn on debugging switch of PPP module
Routerdebug ppp all
 Display and Debugging Tools
 POS Terminal Access Service
Dial-up POS Access
 POS Network Access
Advantages of POS network access are as follows
 Configure POS access port
POS Access Service Configuration
Start POS server
 App-number
Configure a POS application
Interface-type interface-number
Ip-address port-number
 Default app-number
Configure POS multi-application mapping table
Bind the source address of TCP connection
 Set the parameters of FCM used during Modem negotiation
Display and Debug POS Access
Display and debug POS access
Set the parameters of FCM used during Modem negotiation
 Configure the POS access interface FCM0
Typical Configuration Example of POS Access Service
Configure the Ethernet interface Ethernet
Configure POS access interface FCM1
 Configure POS access interface FCM0
Configure POS access interface FCM2
III. Configuration Procedure 1 Start the POS access server
 III. Configuration Procedures
Configure Async 0 to operate in POS application mode
Configure Async 1 to operate in POS application mode
Configure Router a Start the POS access server
 Configure Router B Configure the Ethernet interface Ethernet
RouterA ip route-static 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 serial
 III Interface
 106
 Interface
Configure Interface
Enter the Interface View
 Set time interval for flow control statistics
Exit the Interface View
Interface view, input quit to return to the system view
Interface-description
 Display and debug interface
Please use the following commands in all views
Display and Debug Interface
Interface state information
 Interface Configuration Overview
 Configure Ethernet Interface
Ethernet Interface
 Set IPX address
Enter view of specified Ethernet interface
Set IP address
Set frame format of sending message
 Display and Debug
Select work mode of Ethernet interface
Enable or disable internal loopback and external loopback
Select working rate of fast Ethernet interface
 Troubleshooting
Typical Ethernet Interface Configuration Example
II. Network Diagram
 Troubleshooting
 Configuring LAN Interface
 Introduction
WAN Interface
Asynchronous Serial Interface
 Interface async number
Enter view of specified asynchronous interface
Interface serial number
 Modem in out
Set the work mode of asynchronous serial interface
Set the baud rate of asynchronous serial interface
Link-protocol slip ppp
 Flow-control none software
Async Mode protocol
Hardware inbound outbound
 Odd space
Works in flow mode
Parity even mark none
Stopbits 1 1.5
 Set MTU of asynchronous serial interface
Backup
AUX Interface
Set the coding format of Modem
 Configure Synchronous Serial Interface
Configure AUX interface
Configure AUX interface
Synchronous Serial Interface
 Physical-mode sync
Enter view of specified synchronous interface
Set the link layer protocol of synchronous serial interface
Link-protocol fr hdlc
 Set the baud rate of synchronous serial interface
Select work clock
Working modes have different working clocks
Synchronous serial interface is 64000 bps
 Select work clock
Inversion is disabled by default
Set clock inversion
 Undo detect dcd
Internal loopback/external loopback are disabled by default
Detect dcd
Reverse-rts
 Technical Background
Isdn BRI Interface
Idle coding of synchronous serial interface is 7E
Graphics and video
 Be clear about the following items before the configuration
Preparations before Configuration
Function group includes
 Network protocols such as IP and IPX
Channelized operating mode
CE1/PRI Interface
Interface or a PRI interface
 Interface
Configure CE1/PRI CE1/PRI interface configuration includes
Dial-on-Demand Routing
Enter the view for a specified interface
 Bind the interface to be channel sets
Enter the synchronous serial interface view
Number set-number
 Pri-set timeslot-list range
Bind the interface to be a pri set
Enter the Isdn interface view
Undo pri-set
 Set the line clock of the CE1/PRI interface
Enable/disable the internal loopback/external loopback
Set the line code format on the CE1/PRI interface
Set the frame format of CE1/PRI interface
 Configure CT1/PRI
CT1/PRI Interface
 Controller t1 number
Operation Command Enter the view of CT1/PRI interface
Timeslot-list range speed
 Interface serial number23
 Set the line clock of the CT1/PRI interface
Set the line code format on the CT1/PRI interface
Set the frame format of CT1/PRI interface
 E1-F Interface
Choice for E1 access
E1-F interface does not support PRI operating mode
Them into multiple channel sets
 Interface serial serial-number
Set Operating mode for an E1-F interface
Enter the view of an E1-F interface
Fe1 unframed
 Set line code format for E1-F interfaces
Set interface rate after binding operation
Set line clock for an E1-F interface
 Display and debug E1-F interface
Enable/Disable local/remote loopback on an E1-F interface
Set frame format for an E1-F interface
Serial-number
 T1-F Interface
Choice for T1 access
T1-F interface does not support PRI operating mode
193 X 8k = 1544kbps
 Set line code format for T1-F interface
 Set line clock for a T1-F interface
Enable/Disable local/remote loopback on a T1-F interface
Set frame format of T1-F interface
 Display and Debug T1-F
Other related information
CE3 Interface
Display and debug T1-F interface
 Enter the view of the specified E3 interface
 Set the operating mode of E1 channel
Set the operating mode of CE3 interface
Set E1 frame format
 44.736Mbps
Mode non-channelized mode
CT3 Interface
Data bandwidth 44736kbps
 Enter specified CT3 interface view
Set clock mode of the CT3 interface
Set clock mode of the T1 channel
Set cable length of the CT3 interface
 By default, the CT3 interface uses the C-bit frame format
By default, loopback is disabled Set Frame Format
Perform the following configurations in CT3 interface view
 Set CRC of the serial interface
Set the operating mode of T1 channel
T1 line-number unframed
 Disable and Enable CT3 interface
Display and debug of the CT3 interface
 Configuring WAN Interface
 Logical Interface
Dialer Interface
 Configure Loopback
Null Interface
 Sub-Interface
 Number.sub-number
Configure sub-interfaces of Ethernet interface
Create and delete WAN sub-interface
Number.sub-number multipoint
 Select frame relay link layer protocol
Enter the view of WAN interface Serial0 of router a
Routerinterface serial
 Set its IP address to 202.38.160.1 and address mask to
Configure the static route from router a to LAN2 and LAN3
Specify DTE as its frame relay terminal type
Allocate a virtual circuit with Dlci 50 to it
 Interface virtual-template
Set work parameters of virtual-template
Create or delete virtual-template
Undo interface
 Display state of the specified virtual-template
Fault 1 Fail to create virtual interface
Troubleshooting the reasons may be as follows
Virtual-template-number
 Link Layer Protocol
 164
 PPP Authentication Mode
PPP Overview
 Configuring PPP and MP
 For detailed description of PPP, refer to RFC1661
Configure PPP
MP Overview
Transmission time of large packets
 Configure the peer authenticates the local in PAP mode
Configure the link layer protocol of the interface to PPP
Configure the local authenticates the peer in PAP mode
Name-list
 Cipher password
Configure the local authenticates the peer in Chap mode
Configure as the peer authenticates the local in Chap mode
User username
 Configure the time interval of PPP negotiation timeout
Configure AAA authentication and accounting of PPP
Configure PPP compression
 Ppp lqc forbidden-percentage
Perform the following configuration in interface view
Configure PPP link quality monitoring
Resumptive-percentage
 Create/Delete virtual template
Configure MP Protocol Parameters Create Virtual Template
Configure Operating Parameters of Virtual Template
Bind the physical Interface to a Virtual Template
 Specify the conditions for MP binding
User-name
 Configure virtual Baud rate on interface
Frags
 Configuration Requirement
Typical PPP Configuration Example
Example
 Configure to start Chap authentication at this side
Typical MP Configuration Example
II. Configuration Procedure
Set local username as Router1
 Configure router-b Add a user for router-a
Configure virtual interface template
Configure router-c Add a user for router-a
 Fault 2 Physical link fails to turn to Up status
Fault Diagnosis Troubleshooting
Fault 1 Link always fails to turn to up status
Indicates that the interface is shutdown
 PPoE Overview
Introduction to PPPoE client
 Configure PPPoE
Client
 Configure PPPoE session
Reset or delete PPPoE session
 Access a LAN to the Internet via Adsl
Typical PPPoE Configuration Example
Perform the display and debugging command in all views
III. Configuration Procedure 1 Configure a dialer interface
 Configure the DDN interface Serial
Configure a PPPoE session
Configure the LAN interface and the default route
Use Adsl as Standby Line
 Configuring Pppoe Client
 Slip Overview
Configure Slip
Asynchronous mode
For further details about SLIP, you can refer to RFC1055
 Time
Enable/Disable the information debugging of Slip
Typical Slip
Interconnect two Router routers via Pstn and run IP
 Configure the Dialer String to router B
Configure Router a Configure Dialer Rule
Configure IP address of synchronous/asynchronous interface
Configure the default route to Route B
 Routerip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
 Configure Isdn
Isdn Overview
 Configure the length of call reference
By default, DSS1 signaling is used on Isdn PRI interfaces
Configure type of signaling on Isdn interface
Configure the receiving mode
 Timer-name all
Configure the sending mode
Configure interval for Qsig signaling timer
Time-interval
 Perform the following configuration in Isdn interface view
Configure Call Processing Method on an Interface
Perform the display and debugging commands in all views
 Configure the Isdn PRI interface
Typical Configuration Example
Configure Router a Create an Isdn PRI interface
RouterB transmit data after the call is set up
 Configure Router a
Configure Router B
 Lapb
Protocols Overview
 PSN
 25 packet and Lapb frame
 By default, the Lapb modulus is Modulo
Configure Lapb
By default, k is Configure Lapb N1, N2
 Configure
 Set X.25 working mode
Configure X.25 Interface
Set/Cancel the X.121 address of the interface
Address
 25 channel delimitation parameters
Parameter Meaning
 Set/Cancel X.25 packet numbering modulo
By default, X.25 interface use modulo 8 mode
Set/cancel X.25 virtual circuit range
Finally, the following should be noted
 Set the default flow control parameter
Configure X.25 flow control parameter
Configure X.25 Interface Supplementary Parameter
Out-packets
 25 layer 3 timer
Set X.25 layer 3 timer delay
 Alias-string
Specify/Cancel an alias for the interface
Alias match modes and meanings
Match-type alias-string
 Set/Cancel the default upper layer protocol borne on
 Protocol-address x121-address
Configure X.25 Datagram Transmission
Create the permanent virtual circuit PVC
Address option
 X25 pvc pvc-number protocol
Configure Additional Parameters Datagram Transmission
Create/Delete permanent virtual circuit
Undo x25 pvc pvc-number
 Interface view, perform the following task
 Specify/Cancel packet pre-acknowledgement
Configure X.25 user facility
 Configure the sending queue length of virtual circuit
Serial port view, list1 can be quoted
 Address broadcast
Set broadcast via
Set interface with standby center
Address logic-channel
 Configure X.25 Switching
Switching Function
Configure X.25 sub-Interface
Number.subinterface-number multipoi
 Add or delete a PVC route
Configure X.25 Load Balancing
Introduction to X.25 Load Balancing
 Configure X.25
 List of Configuration Tasks of X.25 Load Balancing
Diagram of X.25 network load balancing
 Create/Delete X.25 hunt group
Start /Close X.25 switching function
Add/Delete interfaces or XOT Tunnels in hunt group
 Configure X.25 over TCP XOT
Configure X.25 over Other Protocols
Add/delete other X.25 switching routes
Introduction to XOT Protocol
 Configure XOT
 Configure SVC XOT switching
Start X.25 switching
Configure local switching
For PVC, perform the following tasks in interface view
 Configure X.25 over Frame Relay Annex G
Configure Annex G Data Interoperation
Configure PVC XOT switching
Configure Keepalive and xot-source attributes
 Configure the X.25 Attributes for a Dlci
Configure the X.25 attributes for an Annex G Dlci
 Current status of Lapb
Typical Lapb Configuration Example
By default, X.25 template is not applied on DLCIs
Specify IP address for this interface
 Configure Router a a Select interface
Configure Router B Select interface
Specify X.121 address of this interface
 Specify address mapping to the peer
Connect the Router to X.25 Public Packet Network
 Configure Router B Configure interface IP address
Configure Router a Configure interface IP address
Configure Router C Configure interface IP address
 Range
Configure Virtual Circuit I. Networking Requirement
Disabled
Transmit IP Datagram via X.25 PVC
 Typical Sub-Interface Configuration Example
Router-Ethernet0ip address 196.25.231.1
 Configure Router D
Configure Router C
Create sub-interface serial
 SVC Application of XOT I. Networking Requirement
 Routerx25 switch svc 2 interface serial
Configure Router C Start X.25 switching
Configure Serial
Routerx25 switch svc 1 xot
 Application of X.25 Load Balancing
 S11
Enable X.25 switching in system view
Configure X.25 switching route to forward to X.25 terminal
Add Serial 1, Serial 2 and XOT Tunnel to hunt group
 Load Balancing Carrying IP Data Transmission
Routerx25 switch svc 1111 xot
Routerx25 switch svc 8888 interface serial
Routerinterface serial Router-Serial0link-protocol x25 dce
 Configure static route to RouterC
Configure RouterA Configure interface Ethernet
Configure interface Serial
Configure RouterB Configure interface Ethernet
 Configure the local X.25 address
Configure the static route to RouterA and RouterB
Configure RouterA Create an X.25 template
Configure an IP address for the local interface
 Associates an X.25 template with the Dlci
Configure RouterB Create an X.25 template
Map the Frame Relay address to the destination IP address
SVC Application of X.25 over Frame Relay
 Configure Serial 0 as the X.25 interface
Configure the router Router B Enable X.25 switching
Enable switching on Frame Relay DCE
Configure Serial 1 as the Frame Relay interface
 Configure the Frame Relay Annex G Dlci
Configure X.25 over Frame Relay switching
Configure the router Router C Enable X.25 switching
Configure local X.25 switching.Router-fr-dlci-100annexg dte
 Configure an X.25 template
Configure Router D Configure the basic X.25 parameters
Configure Router B Enable X.25 switching
Configure S1 as the Frame Relay interface
 Configure Serial Configure S1 as the Frame Relay interface
Lapb
 Facility options inhibited by network have been carried
 Fault Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of X.25
 Configuring Lapb
 Configuring Frame Relay
 Relay
By default, the interfaces link layer protocol is PPP
Link-protocol fr ietf
Nonstandard
 Configure Frame Relay interface type
Configure Frame Relay LMI protocol type
 Fr lmi n392dce n392-value
Fr lmi n391dte n391-value
Undo fr lmi-n391dte
Undo fr lmi n392dce
 Undo fr lmi t391dte
Undo fr lmi n393dce
Fr lmi t391dte t391-value
Fr lmi t392dce t392-value
 Configure Frame Relay static address mapping
Configure Frame Relay dynamic address mapping
 Fr dlci
Configure Frame Relay local virtual circuit number
Create Frame Relay sub-interface
Undo fr
 Applying dynamic address mapping to the sub-interface
Configure virtual circuit of Frame Relay sub-interface
Establish static address mapping
 Configure Frame Relay local switched PVC number
Configure the Frame Relay local virtual circuit number
Configure the route for Frame Relay PVC switching
Configure the Frame Relay switched PVC
 Configure Multilink Frame Relay FRF.16
Overview
 Configure MFR interface parameter
Configure MFR
Configure a MFR bundle interface MFR interface
Subnumber
 Frame Relay Compression Configuration
Configure the parameters of the bundle link interface
 Configure Frame Relay Fragment Attributes
By default, interfaces use initiative compression
Configure Frame Relay Fragment FRF.12
Configure Frame Relay Compression on multipoint interface
 Fr traffic-shaping
Disable the Frame Relay traffic shaping
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
Undo Fr traffic-shaping
 Rate
 Frame Relay Queueing Management
Frame Relay Traffic Policing
 150 Kbps
100 Kbps CI R ALLOWº£ 64 Kbps
 Frame Relay Congestion Management
Frame Relay DE rule list
 Configure Frame Relay Traffic Shaping
By default, no Frame Relay class is created
Configure the Frame Relay class parameters
Undo fr-class class-name
 Enable/Disable the Frame Relay traffic shaping
Configure the parameters of Frame Relay class
 Enable/Disable the Frame Relay traffic policing
 Queue-percentage
Dequeue-percentage
 Configure Frame Relay Queueing Management
Configure Frame Relay DE Rule List
Configure the Frame Relay PVC queueing
 Configure Pipq
 Configure a tunnel interface
Configure Frame Relay over Other Protocols
Configure Frame Relay over IP
Configure Frame Relay switching
 Frame Relay over Isdn Operation Process and Fundamentals
Networking of a typical Frame Relay over Isdn application
 Physical Connection Between Frame Relay over Isdn Devices
Frame Relay switching connection between DTE devices
Back-to-back connection between DTE and DCE devices
 Configure Frame Relay over Isdn
Configure the Frame Relay-related commands
 Configure the link layer protocol of the interface
Configure the commands related to Frame Relay switching
Dlci
 Display and Debug Frame Relay
Configure parameters related to dialer profiles
Display and debug Frame Relay
Isdnsubaddress
 Type number dlci
Number dlci dlci-number
Number interface serial
Mfr number
 Interconnect LANs via Frame Relay Network
Typical Frame Relay Configuration Example
Configure static address mapping
Router-Serial1fr map ip 202.38.163.251 dlci
 Interconnect LANs via Private Line
Configure local virtual circuit
Relay FRF.16
Router-Serial1ip address 202.38.163.253
 Example FRF.9
Create a MFR interface
Bundle Serial 0 and Serial 1 to mfr
Them
 FRF.12
III. Configuration Procedure 1 Configure Router a
III. Configuration Procedure 1 Configure RouterA
Fragment between them
 Router-fr-class-96ktraffic-shaping adaptation becn
IP Configuration
Routerfr class 96k
Typical Frame Relay over
 Configure Frame Relay over IP
Configure IP interface Ethernet0
Configure tunnel interface
Router-Serial0fr interface-type dce
 Router-Dialer0dialer number Router-Dialer0dialer call-in
Configure the Frame Relay parameters on Bri0
Router-Bri0fr map ip 110.0.0.2 dlci
Router-Dialer0fr interface-type dce
 Configure the Frame Relay-related parameters on Bri0
 Configure Frame Relay SVCs
Router-Serial1.1ip address 130.0.0.2
 Fault 1 the physical layer in Down status
Fault Diagnosis Troubleshooting Frame Relay
Fault 4 Frame Relay data cannot be transmitted across Isdn
 Configuring Frame Relay
 By default, the link layer protocol of the interface is PPP
Configure Hdlc
Configure Hdlc Display and Debug Hdlc
Configure the link layer protocol of the interface to Hdlc
 Enable Hdlc packet debugging
Debugging Hdlc Packet Interface
 Bridge Overview
Configure Bridge’s Routing Function
Typical Bridge Configuration
Bridge Overview
 Obtain address table
Main Functions of Bridging
 Bridge Overview
 Forward and Filter
Final bridging address table
 Eliminating loop
Filter not forward
 Preliminary examination state of bridging loops
 Spanning Tree Topology
 Bpdu Forwarding Mechanism
Spanning tree topology
 Enable/Disable bridging functions
Configure Bridge’s Routing Function
By default, disable bridging functions
Bridge enable
 Add ports to a bridge-set
Configure static address table entries
Specify the STP version supported by the bridge-set
Mac-address
 Configure the aging time of dynamic address table
Enable/Disable forwarding by using dynamic address table
Disable/Enable STP on ports
 Configure the path cost of bridge port
Configure the bridge priority
Configure the bridge port priority
 Configure the interval for sending BPDUs
Configure the forward delay for the port status transition
 Configure the Max age of Bpdu
Create ACLs based on varied Ethernet encapsulation formats
 Acl acl-number
 Configure a bridge-template interface
Enable/Disable bridge’s routing
Bridge-set
 Link-set
Define a link-set
Share load by source MAC address
Bridgebridge-set link-set link-set
 Map the bridge address to Dlci
Configuration on the interface
Define a dialer list
 Display and debug bridge
Typical Bridge Configuration
Display and Debug Bridge
Transparent Bridging Multiple LANs
 Configure Router B
Configure Router a
Router-Serial0bridge-set 1 stp disable
 Transparent Bridging over Frame Relay
Transparent bridge over the Frame Relay
 Router-Serial1dialer route bridge broadcast
 Connected are failed
Asynchronous Dial-in
Standby
Please refer to Figure
 Bridge-Template interface
Networking of bridge-template interface
 Bridging on Sub-Interfaces
Networking for bridging on sub-interfaces
 Routerbridge enable Routerbridge 1 stp ieee
Link-Set Configuration I. Networking Requirements
Router-Serial1bridge-set 1 link-set
 Network Protocol
 316
 Configuring IP Address
 IP address classes and ranges
Network IP network range Description Class
 Sub-net classification of IP address
 Configure master IP address of an interface
Configure IP Address Configure IP Address for an Interface
By default, the interface has no master IP address
Ip address ip-address mask
 Delete slave IP address of an interface
Configure slave IP address of an interface
Ip address ip-address mask Mask-length sub
Undo ip address ip-address
 Introduction to IP address unnumbered
By default, the interface has no negotiating IP address
Configure IP Address Unnumbered for an Interface
Set negotiable attribute of IP address for an interface
 Configure IP address unnumbered
Configuration Example I. Configuration Requirements
Configure routing to Ethernet segment of Shenzhen router R1
Borrow IP address of Ethernet interface
 Router-Ethernet0ip address 172.16.20.1
Configure router R1 of Shenzhen subsidiary
Borrow IP address of Ethernet
Router ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
Page
 Configuring IP Address
 Undo arp static ip-address
Define a static ARP mapping
Arp static ip-address
Arp dynamic ip-address
 Name Resolution
Configure Domain
Name Resolution
Display and Debug ARP
 Display and Debug domain name resolution
Display and Debug Domain Name Resolution
Display ip host
 Interface-number.subinterface-number
Create Ethernet subinterface
Specify the Vlan on which Ethernet subinterface is located
Vlan-type dot1q vid vlan-id
 Display and Debug Display and Debug Vlan
Configure IP address of Ethernet subinterface
Typical Vlan Configuration Example
Display vlan
 Troubleshooting The steps below can be taken
Configure IP address for the subinterface
Configure Vlan information of LAN Switch
Router-Ethernet0.1ip address 3.3.3.8
 Dhcp vs Bootp
Dhcp Server Configuration
Fault Ping Two PCs, but fails to ping them through
Background of the Dhcp development
 Following figure
Occasions in which Dhcp server is applied
Dhcp server Dhcp clients
 Dhcp client logs into the network again
 Dhcp Server Configuration
 Undo Dhcp enable
Enable/disable the Dhcp service
Dhcp Enable
Dhcp server ip-pool pool-name
 Netmask
Configure the statically binding IP address and MAC address
Network ip-address
 Low-ipaddress high-ipaddress
Low-ipaddress high -ipaddress
 Configure the domain names of Dhcp clients
By default, the IP address of DNS is not configured
Configure the gateway router address of client
Configure the DNS addresses in a Dhcp address pool
 Nbns-list ip-address1
Set the type of NetBIOS node for Dhcp client
Set the type of NetBIOS node for Dhcp client
Ip-address2 ... ip-address8
 Display and Debug Dhcp Server
Use reset, debugging and display command in All views
Configure Dhcp self-defined options
Display and Debug Dhcp servers
 Router dhcp enable
III. Configuration Procedures 1 Enable the Dhcp service
Router dhcp server forbidden-ip
 At the client, use ipconfig /releaseall
Router-dhcp2nbns-list Router-dhcp2gateway-list
 Ip relay-address ip-address
Configure interface relay address
Operation Command Configure interface relay address
Delete interface relay address
 IP address from Dhcp server through application
Dhcp Relay Configuration Requirement
Dhcp Relay
Available on Dhcp server
 Configure Dhcp relay router
Networking diagram of an Dhcp relay configuration example
 Fault 2 fail to forward transparent transmission protocol
 Private Network Address and Public Network Address
Under which condition should the address be translated
 Role the Network Address Translation NAT plays
Characteristic of Network Address Translation NAT
Mechanism of Network Address Translation NAT
 End-addr pool-name
Configure address pool
Performance of Network Address Translation NAT
Pool-name
 Undo nat outbound acl-number
Nat outbound acl-number
Address-group pool-name
Undo nat outbound
 Nat server global global-addr global-port
Configure the Internal Server
Configure the Timeout of address translation
Www inside inside-addr inside-port any
 Typical NAT Configuration Example
Display and Debug NAT Display and debug NAT
 Set internal FTP server
Configure address pool and access list
Allow address translation of segment at 10.110.10.0/24
Set internal WWW server
 Configure a default route to serial
Configure address access control list and dialer-list
Configure dial-up property for the interface
Correlate the address translation list and the interface
 Fault 2 Internal server abnormal
 Configuring IP Application
 Configure maximum transmission unit on an interface
Configure IP
To configure IP performance, carry out the following steps
Performance
 Configure TCP
 Tcp window size
 Configure Fast
Forwarding
 Forwarding
Perform the following configuration in system view
Display and Debug IP
Display and Debug Fast Display and Debug fast forwarding
 Router info-center enable Router debugging tcp packet
Troubleshooting IP Performance Configuration
Router info-center enable Router debugging tcp event
 Configuring IP Count
 Ip count enable
IP Count Configuration
Enable/Disable IP Count service
Undo ip count enable
 Configure IP Count list
Configure IP Count on an interface
Specify count maximum of exterior
 Specify count maximum of interior
By default, IP Count entries time out after 720 minutes
Count
Display and debug IP Count
 Not been configured on the interface of the router
IV. Test Procedure
Information is displayed
 Configuring IP Count
 Configuring IPX
IPX address
 SAP
 Configure relative parameters of IPX SAP
Configure IPX
Modify length of service information reserve queue
Its first Ethernet interface as its node address
 Enable/Disable a Default Route
Enable IPX interface
Configure IPX RIP static route
Perform the following task in interface view
 Configure the maximum size of RIP update packet
Configure RIP updating period
Configure RIP aging period
Configure the maximum number of IPX parallel route
 Configure length of route reserve queue
Configure static service information table item
 Configure reply to SAP GNS request
Configure SAP aging period
Configure size of SAP maximum updated message
Ipx sap timer update seconds
 Configure Using touch-off for an interface
Disable split-horizon
 Modify Encapsulation Format of IPX Frame on Interface
Configure the delay of interface sending IPX packets
Configure management of IPX packet
Encapsulation format of IPX frame
 Configure Router a a Activate IPX
Display and Debug IPX Display and Debug IPX
 Configure an information about Server2 file service
Configure an address map to Router B
Configure a static route to network ID
Configure an information about Server2 directory service
 Configure an information about Server1 directory service
 DLSw Protocol
 Init-window-size max-frame
Configuration of DLSw
Create DLSw local peer entity
Max-frame-size max-window
 Configure Bridge set connecting to DLSw
Create DLSw remote end peer entity
 Configure to add ethernet port to Bridge set
Configure Sdlc role
 Sdlc-address
Configure Sdlc virtual MAC address
Configure Sdlc address
Controller sdlc-address
 Configure XID of Sdlc
Configure Sdlc peer entity
Add synchronous Interface to Bridge set
 Configure baud rate of synchronous Interface
Configure to stop running DLSw
Baudrate
 Configure LLC2 local acknowledgement delay time
Configure Idle time encoding mode of synchronous Interface
Configure parameters of DLSw timer
Mseconds
 Configure LLC2 premature acknowledgement window
Configure modulo value of LLC2
 Configure Busy status time of LLC2
Configure retransmission number of LLC2
Configure LLC2 local acknowledgement time
Configure P/F wait time of LLC2
 Configure Queue Length of Sending Message of Sdlc
Configure REJ status time of LLC2
Configure queue length of sending message of LLC2
Configure Sdlc local acknowledgement window
 Configure retransmission number of Sdlc
Configure maximum receivable frame length of Sdlc
Configure poll time interval of Sdlc
 Lsap
Configure SAP address for transforming Sdlc to LLC2
Configure data bi-directional transmission mode of Sdlc
Dsap
 DLSw
Typical DLSw Configuration Example
DLSw Configuration Networking Requirement
IP across WAN
 DLSw Configuration
Router a Configuration
Router B Configuration
Router dlsw local
 Networking diagram of DLSw configuration of SDLC-SDLC
 Networking Diagram of SDLC-LAN
 Diagnosis
DLSw Fault
When using command display dlsw remote
Virtual circuit cant attain Connected state
 Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of DLSw Fault
 Configuring Dlsw
 VI Routing
 404
 IP Routing Protocol
 IP Routing Protocol
 Routing Protocol and Routing Priority
Routing Protocol or Type Corresponding Routing Priority
 Ospf ASE
 Configuring Static Routes
Default Route
 Configure a Static Route
Configuring a Static Route
Configuring a Static Route
Transmitting interface or next hop address
 Preference
Configuring a Default Route
Displaying Debugging Routing Table
Other parameters
 Static Route
Troubleshooting a
Other
 RIP Overview
 Configure RIP
Features is not subject to whether RIP has been enabled
 Enable RIP at the Specified Network
Enabling RIP
 Specify RIP Version
By default, the interface runs RIP-1
Define a Neighboring Router
Peer ip-address
 Disable a Host Route
RIP Version 1 enables zero field check by default
Configure Check Zero Field of RIP Version
Specify the Status of an Interface
 Summarization for RIP
Authentication on
Enabling Route
Version
 Configure Route Import for RIP
By default, the default route metric for RIP is
Configure RIP Horizontal Segmentation on the Interface
Specify a Default Route Metric Value for RIP
 Specify Additional Route Metric Value for RIP
Configure filtering route information received by RIP
Distribution for RIP
Set Route Preference
 Filter the Routing Information Being Advertised by RIP
Reset RIP
Displaying and Debugging RIP
Display and Debug RIP
 RIP Unicast
 Ospf Overview
Ospf Configuration Example
Ospf Overview
Displaying and Debugging Ospf
 Configuring Ospf
 Router id router-id
Enable Ospf
Specify Router ID
Undo router id
 Area-id
By default, Ospf is disabled
Area area-id
 Ospf network-type broadcast nbma
Configure the Network Type of the Ospf Interface
Configure Sending Packet Cost
P2mp P2p
 Configuring a Peer for the Nbma Interface
Cost
 Ospf Dr-priority value
Operation Command Set the priority of the interface when
Specify the Router Priority
Undo Ospf dr-priority
 Specify Hello Intervall
Specify Dead Interval
 Specify Transmit-delay
Configuring a Stubby Area and a Totally
Specify Retransmitting Interval
 Stub cost cost area area-id
Perform the following configuration under Ospf view
Configure Totally Stubby Area of Ospf
No-summary
 Perform the following configuration in Ospf view
Configure an Nssa Area of Ospf
 Area-id advertise notadvertise
Configure Route Summarization Within Ospf Domain
Abr-summary address mask mask area
Undo abr-summary address mask mask
 Create and Configuring a Virtual Link
Area-id None Router-id None
 Configure Authentication
Key-id
 Configure Route Import for Ospf
Configure Parameters When Importing External Routes
 Debugging Ospf
Configure filtering route information received by Ospf
Displaying
Filter for Ospf
 Configuring Ospf on the Point-to-Multipoint Network
Ospf Configuration Example
Router D 201 Router B 301 302 Router C 1.3
 RouterA-Serial0ospf network-type p2mp
Enable Ospf
RouterC ospf enable
RouterB-Serial0ospf network-type p2mp
 Configure DR on Ospf Preference
 E0 192.1.1.2/24 E0 10.1.2.3/24
1.1 4.4 E0 192.1.1.1/24
E0 192.1.1.4/24
2.2 3.3
 RouterA display ospf peer
RouterD display ospf peer
 Between Router B and Router C
To configure an Ospf virtual link Configure Router a
RouterB-ospfVlink peer-id 3.3.3.3 transit-area
 To configure Ospf peer authentication Configure Router a
 Ospf Configuration
Troubleshooting an
Normally
 Ospf Configuration Example
 Configuring Ospf
 BGP Overview
BGP Configuration Example
BGP Overview
Displaying and Debugging BGP
 Configuring BGP
 By default, BGP is disabled
Resetting BGP Connections Enabling BGP
Perform the following configurations in system view
Perform the following configurations in BGP view
 Set the Timers for BGP Peer
Configure the BGP Version of the Peer
Configure BGP Route-update Interval
 Configure the Peer to be the Client of the Route Reflector
Configure to distribute default route to the peer
Configure to Send Community Attribute to the Peer
Configure to Distribute Default Router to the Peer
 Create a BGP Route Filtering Based on AS Path for the Peer
Create a Fltering Policy Based on Access List for the Peer
Configure the BGP MED Metric
Allow Comparing Path MED
 Timers keepalive-interval
Configure the Local Preference
Configure the Keepalive Timer and Holdtime Tmer for BGP
Holdtime-interval
 Peer group-name
By default, there is no BGP peer in a peer group
Add a Peer to the BGP Peer Group
Group-name
 Set the Timers of BGP Peer Group
Configure AS Number of BGP Peer Group
Configure Connection Between Peers Indirectly Connected
Configure BGP Routing Update Sending Interval
 Configure to Send the Default Route to the Peer Group
Configure to send the default route to the peer group
Create Routing Policy for Peer Group
 Configure BGP Version of Peer Group
By default, software accepts BGP Version
Create an Aggregate Addresses
 As-set
By default, an aggregate is disabled
Aggregate address mask
Undo aggregate address
 Clients within the reflection group
Reflect between-clients
Undo reflect between-clients
 Standard-community-list-number
Configure the Cluster ID
Configure BGP Community
Extended-community-list-number
 Configure the Sub-system of E Confederation
Configure a Confederation
As-number …
 Schematic diagram of route dampening
 Display Route Flap Information
 Configure Route Import for BGP
By default, BGP synchronizes with IGP
Is insured When AS is not a transitional AS Configuring
Still exists
 Define an AS Path-list entry
Define an access list entry
Entry, an AS Path-list
Define a routing policy
 Define a match rule
Perform the following configurations in Routing policy view
Define an apply clause
 Filter for BGP
 Filter Routing Information Being Advertised by BGP
Reset BGP Connections
Debugging BGP
Display and Debug BGP
 As-regular-expression acl
BGP Configuration
Procedure for each configuration
Acl-number network-address
 Networking diagram of configuring AS confederation
 RouterB-Serial1ip address 193.1.1.2
Configure Router B Configure BGP peers
RouterA-bgppeer 192.1.1.2 as-number
RouterC-ospfinterface serial
 Configure Router D Configure BGP peers
 Specify BGP transmission network
Configure peer
Start BGP
RouterA-acl-1rule permit source 1.0.0.0
 RouterC-acl-1rule permit source 1.0.0.0
RouterC-bgppeer 193.1.1.1 route-policy localpref import
 RouterD-ospf network 4.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 RouterD bgp
 Configuring BGP
 IP Routing Policy
 Configuring IP Routing Policy
 Policy
Configure IP Routing
Operation Command Define a routing policy and enter into
Define a Routing Policy
 Configure a Matching Rules
 No-export addtive none
Define a Setting Clause
Apply community aa nn
Apply tag tag-value
 Route-policy route-policy-name
Configure Route Import
Tag tag-value type 1
 Ip ip-prefix prefix-list-name
Define an IP Prefix List
Ge-value less-equal le-value
 OSPF-ASE external route discovered by Ospf protocol
Perform the following configurations in all views
Debugging IP Routing Policy
BGP route discovered by BGP protocol
 Routing Policy
Configuring IP
With different weighting values
Protocol
 Route Information
 Normal operation
Troubleshooting IP
Configure RIP protocol
Routerip ip-prefix p1 permit 192.1.1.0/24
 Configuring IP Routing Policy
 IP Policy Routing
Configuring IP Policy
Routing
 Define Match Rules
Create a Routing Policy
Define Apply Clause
 Displaying Debugging IP Policy Routing
By default, interface policy routing is disabled
Enable/Disable Interface Policy Routing
Interface Policy Routing
 Router-acl-101rule deny tcp source any destination any
Suggested procedure for each configuration
Define access list
Router-acl-102rule permit tcp source any destination any
 RouterA-Ethernet0ip policy route-policy lab1
Adopt policy aaa in Ethernet interface
Router-Ethernet0ip policy route-policy aaa
RouterB-ripnetwork
 RouterAdebugging ip policy-routing
 Chapter
Configuring Igmp Configuring PIM-DM Configuring PIM-SM
IP Multicast
 498
 IP Multicast
 List for Reserved Multicast Addresses
Range and Meaning of Class D Addresses
Class D address range Meaning
 IP Multicast Routing Protocols
 IP Multicast
 IP Multicast
IP Multicast Packet
Application
 IP Multicast
 Igmp Overview
Configuring Igmp
Igmp Configuration Example
Igmp Overview
 Configuring Igmp
 Configure the Igmp Version Number Run at Router Interface
Make the following configuration in interface view
Configure Igmp Maximum Query Response Time
 Displaying and Debugging Igmp
Igmp Configuration
Debugging command in system view to debug Igmp
Interfaces are all fast Ethernet FE
 Router a Router B
 Configuring Igmp
 Configuring PIM-DM
 Enable Multicast Routing
Make the following configuration in the system view
By default, the system disables the multicast routing
Operation Command Enable multicast routing
 Display and Debug PIM-DM
Start/Disable PIM-DM Protocol
Displaying and Debugging PIM-DM
Group-address source-address
 Enable PIM-DM protocol
PIM-DM Configuration
Enable multicast routing protocol
Receiver 2 are the two receivers of this multicast group
 PIM-SM Overview
 PIM-SM Configuration
Enabling Multicast Routing
 Configure Candidate BSR
By default, the interface disables PIM-SM protocol
Enable/Disable PIM-SM Protocol
Configure Candidate RP
 By default, no PIM-SM domain boundary is configured
By default, no interface is configured to be candidate RP
Configure PIM-SM Domain Boundary
 Use the pim command in system view to enter PIM view
Debugging PIM-SM
 RouterA multicast routing-enable RouterA interface ethernet
Configure Router a Enable PIM-SM protocol
Configure Router B Enable PIM-SM protocol
RouterA-pimspt-switch-threshold 10 accept-policy
 Neighbors have discovered each other
Display pim neighbor command can be used to check whether
Follow these steps
RouterB-acl-5rule permit source 225.0.0.0
 Configuring PIM-SM
 Viii Security
 524
 Access Security
Terminal Access
Configuring Terminal
Configuring a User
 Configure EXECLogin Authentication
 Configure Radius server and the shared secret
Enable AAA
Configure the authentication method list of Exec users
 Configuring Terminal Access Security
 AAA Overview
Radius Overview
 Components of Radius server
 Basic message interaction process of Radius
 Type of Packets Decided by Code Field
Request Authenticator Adopts 16-byte random code
Code Packet type Explanation of the packet
 Attribute Fields
 Configure AAA Login Authentication
By default, AAA is disabled
AAA Enable/Disable AAA
Server-template-name method1
 Default methods-list method1
Configuring an Authentication Method List for PPP Users
Configure PPP Authentication Method List of AAA
Default methods-list
 Configure AAA Accounting Option
By default no address pool is defined by the system
Configure AAA Local-First Authentication
Configure Local IP Address Pool
 Configure Callback User
By default pool-number is
Configure a User and Password
Configure Ordinary User and Password
 Configure Callback User and the Callback Number
Configure User with Caller Number
Configure FTP User and the Usable Directory
Configure User with Caller Number
 Configure Authorizing a User with Usable Service Types
Authorize a User with Usable Service Types
Configure FTP User and the Usable Directory
Directory
 Configure Radius Server Shared Secret
Configure Radius Server Shared Secret
By default, no key is configured for the Radius server
Radius server hostname ip-address
 Configure the Request Retransmission Times
Configure the Time Interval for the Inquiry Packet
 Displaying Debugging AAA
Accessing User
Authentication Case
AAA and Radius
 Router aaa authentication-scheme local-first
Configure IP address and port of Radius server
Configure local-first authentication
Routerradius server
 Troubleshooting AAA
Radius
 Connected user cannot be seen in display aaa user
Users Radius authentication is always rejected
Can
 Configuring AAA and Radius Protocol
 Firewall Overview
 Classification of Firewalls
 Packet filtering schematic diagram
 Command format when the protocol is TCP or UDP
Extended access control list
Command format when the protocol is IGMP, IP, GRE or Ospf
Operators of the Extended Access Control List
 Mnemonic Symbol of the Port Number
 Protocol Mnemonic Symbol Meaning and Actual Value
UDP
 Mnemonic Symbol of the Icmp Message Type
Configure the match sequence of access control list
Operator and Syntax Meaning
 Firewalls are disabled by default
Configure Firewall
Effect Perform the following configurations in system view
Firewall
 Configure Standard Access Control List
Configure Extended Access Control List
 Set Default Firewall Filtering Mode
Enabling and disabling filtering according to timerange
Configuring Special Timerange
Destination dest-addr dest- wildcard
 Set Special Time Range
Enable/Disable Filtering According to Timerange
Set special time range
Settr begin-time end-time
 Specify Logging Host
Use debugging, reset and display commands in all views
Displaying and Debugging Firewall
Display and Debug Firewall
 Routerfirewall enable
Enable firewall
Configure access rules to inhibit passing of all packets
Routerfirewall default permit
 Router-Ethernet0firewall packet-filter 101 inbound
Apply rule 102 on packets coming in from interface Serial0
Router-Serial0firewall packet-filter 102 inbound
 IPSec Protocol
 Following terms are important to an understanding of IPSec
IPSec Related Terms
IPSec Message Processing
 Access Control List
Configuring IPSec
Creating an Encryption
 Create Encryption Access Control List
Operator port1 port2
 By default, all the crypto cards are enabled
Configure Ndec Cards Enable the crypto cards
Set the output of the crypto card log
 Set the Mode for Security Protocol to Encapsulate Messages
By default, no proposal view is configured
Enable/Disable the Host to Backup the Ndec Cards
Define IPSec proposal
 Select Security Protocol
Selecting the Encryption Authentication Algorithm
Default mode is tunnel-encapsulation mode
Select Security Protocol
 Select Encryption Algorithm and Authentication Algorithm
Creating a Security Policy
 Perform the following configurations in IPSec policy view
By default, no security policy is created
Configure access control list quoted in security policy
Set start point and end point of security tunnel
 Set IPSec proposal quoted in security policy
By default, the security policy quotes no IPSec proposal
Configure IPSec Proposal Quoted in Security Policy
Set SPI of security policy association and its adopted key
 Configure Key Used by Security Policy Association
By default, no key is used by any security policy
Configure SPI Parameters of Security Policy Association
Hex-key
 Creating a Security Policy Association with
Set access control list quoted by security policy
Set end point of security tunnel
Specify End Point of Security Tunnel
 Proposal proposal-name1
Set the IPSec proposal quoted in security policy
Set SA lifetime
Proposal-name2...proposal-name6
 Configure Global SA LIfetime
Configure a separate SA lifetime
By default, apply the global SA lifetime
Configure Separate SA LIfetime
 Apply Security Policy Group on Interface
Use debugging, reset and display commands in all views
Debugging IPSec
Ipsec sa dynamic-detect
 Display and Debug IPSec
Reset crypto card
Dest-address protocol spi
 Displaying and Debugging the crypto card
IPSec Configuration Example
Use the debugging, reset and display command in all views
Creating an SA Manually
 Quote access list
Adopt tunnel mode as the message-encapsulating form
Select authentication algorithm and encryption algorithm
Create the IPSec proposal view named tran1
 Apply security policy group on serial interface
Configure the route
Create a security policy with negotiation mode as manual
Exit to system view
 Create the IPSec proposal view named trans1
Create a security policy with negotiation mode as isakmp
Set remote addresses
 Configure serial interface Serial0
Configure ip address of the serial interface
Configure corresponding IKE
Create a security policy with negotiation view as isakmp
 Return to system view
Establish a security policy with manual negotiation mode
Adopt tunnel module for packets encapsulation form
RouterB ike pre-shared-key abcde remote
 Set encryption key
Enter Ethernet interface view and configure IP address
Set local address
Apply security policy base on serial port
 Return to the system view
Establish a security policy with manual configuration mode
Troubleshooting IPSec Ndec card cannot be configured
RouterB ipsec policy map1 10 manual
 Do the following
 Configuring Ipsec
 Configuring IKE
 IKE features
Configuring IKE
Policy
 View Delete IKE policy
Create IKE Policy
Ike proposal policy-number
Undo ike
 Configure Pre-shared Key
Selecting an Authentication Algorithm
Select Authentication Method
Select Encryption Algorithm
 Select DH Group ID
By default, 768-bit Diffie-Hellman group is selected
Select Hashing Algorithm
Set Lifetime of IKE Negotiation SA
 Displaying and Debugging IKE
Configure IKE Keepalive Timer
Reset ike sa connection-ike-sa-id
Display and Debug IKE
 IKE Configuration
Invalid user ID information
 Unmatched policy
Unable to establish security channel
 Configuring VPN Configuring L2TP Configuring GRE
IX VPN
 596
 VPN Overview
 Classification of IP
Basic Networking
Applications of VPN
Authority given by local ISP
 Layer 3 tunneling protocol
Layer 2 tunneling protocol
Comparison of layer 2 and layer 3 tunnel protocols
 Configuring VPN
 Vpdn and L2TP
Vpdn Operation
 Methods of Implementing Vpdn
L2TP channel
 Networking diagram of two typical methods of Vpdn
Tunnel and session
 IV. Call setup flow of L2TP tunnel
Control message and data message
 Features of L2TP
Call setup flow of L2TP channel
 Enable/Disable L2TP
Basic Configuration at
Enable L2TP
L2tp enable
 L2tp-group group-number
Originate L2TP Connection Request and LNS Address
Ip-address … domain domain-name
 Default list-name method1
By default, L2TP is disabled
Configure AAA and Local Users
L2TP Attribute Table
 Create/Delete L2TP Group
Operation Command Create a L2TP group
Operation Command Create a virtual template
Create/Delete a Virtual Template
 Configure the Name of the Receiving End of the Tunnel
Advanced Configuration at LAC or LNS
By default, receiving dial-in from LAC is disabled
Configure Local VPN Users
 Set Local Name
Enable Tunnel Authentication Setting Password
By default, the local name is the host name of router
Tunnel name name
 Set Tunnel Authentication and Password
Configure the Interval For Sending Hello Messages
Set the Interval for Sending Hello Message
 Force
Configure Domain Delimiter and Searching Order
Set Domain Name Delimiter and Searching Order
 Reset l2tp tunnel remote-name
This configuration is applicable to LNS only
Operation Command Force to disconnect tunnel
Force to Disconnect Channel
 LCP does not renegotiate by default
Configure the Local Address and Address Pool
LCP to Renegotiate
 Enable/Disable Hiding AV Pairs
Enable/Disable Hiding Attribute Value Pairs AV
By default, AV pairs are hidden
Number of L2TP Sessions
 Use debugging, display command in all views
L2TP Configuration Examples
By default, the maximum number of L2TP sessions is
Display and Debug L2TP
 Enable L2TP service and configure a L2TP group
Implement local AAA authentication on VPN user
Configure the IP address of Serial1 interface of LAC
Configure BDR dialup parameters
 Configure the IP address of Serial0 interface of LNS
Configure the Virtual-Template-related information
 Internet Connection Wizard
 Internet Connection Wizard
 Internet Connection Wizard
 Internet Connection Wizard
 Client-originated VPN Networking
Router-LACip pool 1 192.170.0.3
 Configure the IP address of Serial0 interface at LNS side
Configure the IP address of Serial1 interface at LAC side
Configure BDR parameters
Disable tunnel authentication
 Network Connection Wizard
 Network Connection Wizard
 Connect Connection to
 Configure the domain suffix separator to @
Configure an IP address on Serial0 interface
Configure a L2TP group and the related attributes
Router1 l2tp domain suffix-separator @
 Force to implement local Chap authentication
Enable AAA authentication
Configure Virtual-Template
III. Procedures
 Configure an address pool 1 in the range of 192.168.0.2 to
Configure a L2TP group and configure the related attributes
Configuration at Router2 LNS side Enable AAA authentication
Configure an access control list and specify L2TP data
 Fault 1 The users fail to log
PPP negotiation fails. The reasons may be
 Troubleshooting L2TP
 Configuring L2TP
 Encapsulation
GRE Protocol
Packet
 Encapsulated tunnel message format Refer to RFC
 Enlarge network operating range
 Creating a Virtual Tunnel Interface
Configuring GRE
By default, no virtual tunnel interface is created
Create Virtual Tunnel Interface
 Perform the configurations in the tunnel interface view
Address of a Tunnel Must be configured Interface
Setting the Network
Address of the Tunnel
 Set the Tunnel to Synchronize Datagram Sequence Numbers
Number discarded
Set Tunnel Interface to Check with Checksum
Gre key key-number
 Debugging GRE
GRE Configuration Example
Group1 and group2. It can be implemented by using GRE
All views
 Configure the IP address of Ethernet0 interface
Configure Router B Configure the IP address of Serial0
 Configure the static route to Novell Group2
Configure Router a Activate IPX
Configure the IP address and IPX address of Ethernet0
Configure Router B Activate IPX
 Networking of troubleshooting GRE
RouterB ipx route 1e 1f.a.a.a tick 30000 hop
 Configuring a Standby Center Configuring Vrrp
 646
 Configuring Standby Center
Standby Center
 Fr map protocol address dlci dlci
Enter the Logic Channel View
Address logic-channelnumber
Next-hop-address dialer-number
 Undo standby timer enable-delay
Channel to check whether it has recovered
Standby timer enable-delay seconds
Standby timer disable-delay seconds
 Interfaces
Please perform the following configuration in all views
Load Sharing view
Enter the view of Serial
 Channel
Enter the view of logic channel
Router-logic-channel10standby interface serial
 Router-Serial1logic-channel
 Vrrp Overview
Vrrp Configuration Examples
Troubleshooting Vrrp
Vrrp Overview
 Adding a Virtual IP
Configuring Vrrp
Address
 Vrrp vrid virtualrouterid
Configure Router Priority in Standby Group
Add Virtual IP Address
Undo vrrp vrid virtualrouterid
 Configure Authentication Method and Authentication Key
Configuring Authentication Method Authentication Key
Vrrp provides simple character authentication method
Virtualrouterid
 Debugging Vrrp
Configure Standby
Group Timer
Monitoring
 Backup with preemption aII. Networking diagram
Vrrp Configuration
Procedure for each configuration
Vrrp Single Standby
 Gateway function as the master
Gateway services instead
Balancing and mutual backup are implemented
Multiple Standby
 There is requent switchover of the Vrrp state
Many master routers exist within the same standby group
 XI QOS
 662
 Three Types of QoS Services
QOS Overview
 QOS Overview
 Benefits of QoS for the Network Service
 QOS Overview
 Traffic Classification
Traffic Policing
 Traffic POLICING, Traffic Shaping and Line Rate
 Committed Access
Rate CAR
 Qos carl carl-index precedence
Defining Rules
Define CAR Rules
Precedence-value mac mac-address
 Applying the CAR Policy on the Interface
By default, no CAR rule of ACL list is established
Apply the CAR Rule on the Interface
 Displaying and Debugging CAR
CAR Configuration Applying a CAR Policy to all Packets
Configure the Priority Level Based CAR Policy
Display and Debug CAR
 Configure the CAR Policy Based on the MAC Address
 Matches ACL
Traffic Shaping
Apply a CAR Policy on the Packets that Match ACL
Packets
 Configuring shaping parameters for a specified flow
Schematic diagram of GTS processing
 Configure the ACL
Configuring shaping parameters for all flows
Shape the flows matching 110 on Ethernet interface
 Rate
Configure the Physical Interface LIne Rate
Physical Interface Line
Shape all the flows on Ethernet interface
 Displaying Display and Debug LR Debugging LR
Operation Command Display the LR configuration conditions
Display qos lr interface type
 Congestion Management
 Fifo Queuing
Congestion
Management Policy
Priority Queuing
 Selecting Congestion Management Policies
 Comparison of Several Congestion Management Policies
Number Queues Advantage Disadvantage
 Schematic diagram of the first in first out queue
 Schematic diagram of the custom queuing
 Weighted Fair Queuing WFQ
Schematic diagram of weighted fair queuing
 Configuring priority queuing
Configuring Congestion Management
Configuring Fifo Queuing
Configure the First In First Out Queuing
 Protocol-name queue-option queue
By default, no priority queue is established
Values of Queue-Option with Protocol as IP
Pql-index protocol
 Applying the priority-list queuing group to the interface
By default, the interface utilizes the Fifo queue
Specifying the queue length of the priority-list queuing
 Default Length Value of the Priority Queue
Configuring custom-list queuing
Configuring Custom Queuing CQ
Displaying and debugging the priority queue
 Queue-number
Configure the Custom-Lst Queuing According to the Interface
Configure the Default Custom-List Queuing
Queue queue-number
 Configure the Queue Length of the Custom-List Queuing
By default, the interface uses the Fifo queue
Configuring the queue length of the custom-list queuing
Applying the custom-list queuing group to the interface
 Displaying and debugging the weighted fair queue
Configuring Weighted fair queuing
Displaying and debugging the custom-list queue
 Apply the priority queue 1 to Serial
Congestion Management Configuration Examples
PQ Configuration Example
Apply the priority queue 2 to Serial
 RouterA-Tunnel0ip address 10.1.1.1
Configure the CQ queue
Configure Router B Configure the access control list
RouterA-Tunnel1destination
 Configure Tunnel1
Configure Serial0 master/slave addresses
Configure Tunnel0
WFQ Configuration Example
 Congestion Management
 Congestion Avoidance
 Congestion Avoidance
 Enable Wred
Wred Configuration
Enable the Wred
Function of the Interface
 Discard-prob
Ip-precedence
 Enable Wred
Congestion Avoidance Configuration Example
Configure a WFQ queue
Displaying Debugging Congestion Avoidance
 Congestion Avoidance
 Configuring DCC Configuring Modem
XII DIAL-UP
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 Terms in DCC Configuration
DCC Overview
 Circular DCC
DCC
 Resource-Shared DCC
 With 3Com Routers
Basic DCC features
Implementing callback through DCC
 Prepare the data for DCC configuration
Configuring DCC
Preparing to Configure
Configure the local parameters of DCC
 Linklayer-protocol-type
Configuring the mode of the physical interface
Configure Physical Interface Mode
Ip address ipaddress mask
 Associating a DCC dialer ACL with the interface
 Configuring an interface to originate calls to a remote end
 Dialer number dial-number
Configure an interface to receive calls from a remote end
Dialer enable-circular
Undo dialer number
 Route protocol
Dialer
Next-hop-address dial-number
 Undo dialer route protocol
Next-hop-address
 Undo dialer circular-group
Undo interface dialer number
Dialer circular-group number
Dialer priority priority
 Dialer circular-group number
Interface dialer number
Undo interface dialer number
Undo dialer circular-group
 Router Dialer0
 By default, no dialer interface is created
Configuring dialing authentication for resource-shared DCC
Configuring the dialer interface and dialer number
Enabing Resource-Shared DCC
 Configuring dialing authentication for resource-shared DCC
 Configure MP Binding in Circular DCC
Configuring MP binding in circular DCC
Threshold traffic-percentage
 Configure MP Binding in Resource-Shared DCC
Configuring MP binding in resource-shared DCC
Configuring PPP callback in the circular DCC implementation
Dialer threshold traffic-percentage
 Implement PPP Callback Client Configuration in Circular DCC
Implement PPP Callback Server Configuration in Circular DCC
 Next-hop-address user username
Command
Telephone-number
Dial-number
 Primary rule The best match is the number with the fewest
Features of Isdn caller identification callback
Dialer callback-center dial-number
 Undo dialer call-in remote-number
Operation Command Configure the local end to implement
Identification
Callback according to the Isdn caller
 Configuring Special DCC Functions
Configuring Isdn leased line
Configuring auto-dial
Configure Isdn leased line for Circular DCC
 Configure Auto-Dial
Configuring dialer number circular standby
Configuring the Link Idle Time
Configure Dialer Number Circular Standby
 Configuring the link idle time when interface competion
By default, the link idle time is 120 seconds
By default, the link disconnection time is 20 seconds
Configure the Link Idle Time
 Configuring the buffer queue length of the dialer
Configuring the timeout of call setting up
By default, the timeout of call setting up is 60 seconds
Debugging DCC
 Solution
DCC Configuration Examples
DCC Applications in Common Use
 Router-Serial1dialer circular-group
Configure RouterC
Configure RouterB
Router-Serial0dialer route ip 100.1.1.1
 Router-Serial0dialer bundle-member
Router-Serial1dialer bundle-member
 Configure RouterC
 Configure RouterC
 Router-Bri0dialer bundle-member
Configure RouterA
Router-Dialer0dialer threshold
Router-Serial015dialer route ip 100.1.1.1
 Router-Bri1dialer route ip 100.1.1.1
 Router-Serial0dialer route ip 100.1.1.2
Router-Serial1dialer enable-circular
Router dialer-rule 1 ip permit Router interface serial
 Router-Bri0dialer route ip 100.1.1.2 user usera
 By the NT server
Configure the PC
Callback for DC C
NT Server-to-Router
 Router-Async0dialer route ip 100.1.1.254
 Dial Number Circular Standby and Internet Access for DCC
 Configure subscriber PC
Router-Serial0dialer route ip 100.1.1.254
 Router-Serial215ppp authentication-mode chap
Router-Serial215ppp chap password simple passb
 Router-Serial1standby logic-channel
 Remote end cannot be pinged after the modem is connected
 DCC Fault Messages
Message Fault
 DCC peeraddr matching error
 Modem Function Provided by 3Com Routers
Modem Script
 Modem script format in common use is as follow
Syntax description of modem script
Receive-string1 send-string1 receive-string2 send-string2
 Configure the Modem Dial-in and Dial-out Authorities
Which, seconds defaults to 180 and is in the range of 0 to
By default, modem dial-in and dial-out are allowed
 Configure a Modem Script
Configure Modem Through the AT Command
Configure a Modem Script
Execute a Modem Script Manually
 Configure Authentication for a Modem Dial-in User
By default, the modem works in non-auto answer mode
Configure the Answer Mode for the Modem
Specify the Events Triggering the Modem Scripts
 Configure a Modem adaptation baud rate
Modem Configuration Examples
Executethe debugging command in all views for the debugging
Displaying and Debugging a Modem
 Configure the modem initialization parameters
Restore the ex-factory modem settings
AT&b1&c1&d2&s0=0
 Directly
Power-on Initialization Through Initialization Script
Authentication for
Modem Dial-in User
 Troubleshooting
 Configuring Modem