Tektronix 071-0590-00 instruction

Application Note - Auto Search Synchronization

2-40	GB1400 User Manual

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Tektronix 071-0590-00 user manual Application Note Auto Search Synchronization

Contents

This document supports firmware version 2.2 and above Page Warranty How to Reach Customer Service TEK-WIDE Table of Contents Tutorial Table of Contents Menus Gpib Theory of Operation Glossary Glossary-1 Index Index-1 List of Figures List of Tables Safety Do Not Remove Instrument Covers SMA ConnectorsBehavior of Outputs Turning Power On or Off Static Sensitive Device Notice How This Manual is Organized Conventions Related Manuals Xvi Getting Started GB1400 Pattern Generator and Error Detector Features Prbs Or User-Defined Test Patterns Symmetrical, Low-Jitter Output WaveformsApplications Sample Applications Powerful Analysis And Reporting Functions Adjustable Inputs For Maximum FlexibilityAuto Search For Easy Setup Burst Mode GB1400T Ordering InformationGigaBERT GB1400 GB1400R GB Comparison GB660/CSA907A GB700 GB1400 Feature Tx and Rx GB1400 Instrument Configurations Standard and Burst Option GB1400 with Burst Option Initial Self-Check Procedure ProcedurePage Operating Basics Functional Overview Bert Basics GB1400 Example, Bert Application Clock Data Controls, Indicators and Connectors Front Panel, GB1400 Generator Tx Front Panel, GB1400 Analyzer RX Generator Tx Display Display Formats1405000 PN23 Frequency kHz Pattern Output 1405000 0E-06 2410538 PN23 Frequency kHz Error Rate TotalizeDelay/ Memory Analyzer RX DisplayPage Generator Output Connectors Section Outputs and Inputs= clock bar = not clock Generator Clock Section Generator Output Section Generator Rear Panel Changing the Line Fuse Analyzer Input Section Analyzer Monitor Section Analyzer Rear Panel Connectors, Terminations, and Levels DATA/DATA BAR Reset to Factory Default Controls and IndicatorsPower Switches View Angle and Panel Lock Keys Gpib Section Controls Pattern Controls and Function Keys Function Soft Keys F1, F2, F3, and F4 Analyzer Inputs Generator Error Inject Section Affected Input Allowable Control Analyzer Error History Section Sync Loss Analyzer Error Detection Section Analyzer Sync Controls Burst Mode Option Burst Mode Usage Specifications for Burst Mode Transmitter Burst Mode Option Data Value Display Setting Pecl Option for GB1400 TxECL Levels Pecl Levels Objective of Tutorial Basic Bert testing with the GB1400Key Feature of Tutorial Equipment Required Setup units with default settings Instrument Connections and Controls Setup Generator for PRBS-23 Mode Connect the Generator to the Analyzer Setup Analyzer for AUTO-SEARCH Operation Change the Prbs pattern type Turn off Auto Search and change Generator Outputs Key several times to setup the analyzer for totalize Error Rate display shows no Data or a 50% Error Rate Data signal not detected. SelectedYour data signal You are starting to detect the data signal This Concludes the Tutorial Applications Two Auto Search Synchronization Methods Phase Application Note Auto Search Synchronization Auto Search will find the Data Delay Auto Search Algorithm Fast MethodAuto Search will find the Data V-THRESHOLD voltage II. Auto Search Algorithm BER Method Auto Search will find the Data Pattern and PolarityAuto Search will then attempt to find the Data Pattern Auto Search will determine the Data Delay Page Delay Specifications Consideration In Determining The Eye Data WidthConsideration In Determining The Data Eye Center GB700/ GB1400 Optical Component Test Fiber Optic Link Test Example Fibre Channel Link Testing Parallel and High-speed Serial Testing Qpsk Modems, I & Q Qpsk Qpsk BER Testing using Prbs Data for 2-Channel I & Q Channel Bert Application Example Reference Functions Common to Generator TX and Analyzer RX Turning Instrument Power ON/OFFMenu Overview Selecting 115 VAC or 230 VAC Operation Locking the Front Panel Recalling the Default SetupSelecting a Pattern Pattern Definitions Selecting the Current Word Pattern Selecting the Active PatternSelecting Prbs Patterns Prbs 2n-1 Test Patterns Selecting RECALLing a Saved Word Pattern Word Basics Creating Word Patterns Using Front Panel ControlsWord Patterns Standard Instruments Instruments Equipped with 1-Mbit Option Creating Word Patterns Using Menus Length FillOrder Creating Word Patterns Under Remote Control Saving Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory Option Recalling Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory Option External Clock Input Generator TX FunctionsClock Source and Frequency Clock Source Saving a Frequency Recalling a Frequency Data and Clock Outputs Overview Generator Clock and Data Output Equivalent Circuits Output Setup Rules vs. Termination Impedance Amplitude and Baseline Offset Logically Inverting Output Data D-INV Single-ended or Differential Operation Procedure for Single-ended Operation TX onlyProcedure for Differential Operation TX only Pattern Sync and CLOCK/4 Outputs Error Injection Selecting an Error Inject Mode Error Inject Input Procedure to Control Error Injection ModeData Inhibit Logic Analyzer RX Functions Automatic Setup Functions SyncDisable Key Auto Search Key Actions Taken by Analyzer when Synchronization is Lost Auto Search With Prbs Patterns How to Disable Automatic Pattern Resynchronization Relationship between Auto Search and DisableAuto Search with Non-PRBS Patterns Procedure to Set Sync Threshold Synchronization Lock ThresholdSynchronization Threshold Clock, Data, and Reference Data Inputs Input Parameters Procedure to Add Delay Input Data DelayHow F2 and F3 Determine Which Input Can be Set Up Controls Procedure for Selecting Input Termination Input TerminationInput Terminations for CLOCK, DATA, and REF Data Input Decision Threshold Logically Inverting Input DataInput Threshold Range as a Function of Termination Selecting the Reference Data Mode Procedure for Selecting the Reference Data ModeSingled-ended or Differential Operation Output Setup Monitor Outputs Error Detection Set Up BER How Totalize Results are Measured How Window Results Are Measured How Test Results Are Measured Window Measurement Process Test Measurement Process Procedure to Select a Results Display Mode Display Mode Totalize, Window, or TestTotalize Process Set Up How to Tell Which Display Mode is Active Window Process Set Up Procedure Test Process Set Up Viewing Results BER and Bit ErrorsProcedure to View Desired BER and Bit Error Results All Other Results Test Process only Basic Report Setup Procedure Printing Results Reports Analyzer Setup Report Example Analyzer Setup Report Procedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Test Reports End-of-Test ReportsExample End-of-Test Report Procedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Window Reports End-of-Window ReportsExample End-of-Window Report Procedure to Enable On-Error Reports On-Error ReportsExample On-Error Report Procedure to Generate an On-Demand Test Summary Report Result Definitions BER = TE / TBAll Other Results Test Intervals Only ES = TSE US Located in the Error History section of the front Error History IndicatorsAnalyzer performance history indicators are Panel. These indicators will latch on when the indicated Clear Control Analyzer Error MessagesProcedure To Set Up the Audio Alert Function Audio Beeper Function Procedure for Starting the Test Measurement Process Procedure for Stopping the Test ProcessStarting and Stopping Measurements Starting New Totalize and Window Measurement Intervals Menus Functions Performed Using the Menu SystemExample Procedure Illustrating Menus and Functions Menu and Function Pages More Length Mode Report F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = Untimed F1ESC F4SET Reports on = EOT/ERROR General Rules for Using the Menu System Menu Summaries 10. Menu Descriptions 11. Analyzer Menu System Overview 12. Generator Menu System Overview Word Menu Function Definitions Word Edit Edit F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SETWord AT ddddd = bbbbbbbb Format F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET LENmmmmm Bytes + n Bits Word Length LengthWord Length Fill Word Memory WITHhh Word Fill Fill F1ESC F4SET Word Order = ccc First Word Order OrderWord Order Word Sync Thres LEVEL= d Word Synchronization Threshold SyncWord Sync Buffer Buffer Auto Fast BER F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Test Length = hhmmss Test Length LengthTest Length F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = ccccccc Test Mode ModeTest Mode F1ESC F4SET Reports on = ccccccccc Test Reports ReportTest Report F1ESC F4SET Error Threshold = eeeee Test Threshold ThresTest Thres On Error Squelch = ccc Test Squelch SquelTest Squel Test Print Print Test Print F1ESC F4SET result namecount % Test View Previous VIEW-PRETest VIEW-PRE Test View Current VIEW-CUR Test VIEW-CUR F1ESC F4SET Window Mode = ccccccc Window Mode ModeWindow Mode Window Interval in Bits Bits FormatF1ESC F4SET Window LEN = 1.0eEE Bits Window Bits F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Window LEN = hhmmss Window Interval in HrsMinSec SecondWindow Second END of Window Print = ccc Window Reports ReportWindow Report Baud = dddd RS-232 Baud Rate BaudBaud F1ESC F4SET Parity = cccc RS-232 Parity ParityParity Size = d RS-232 Data Bits SizeSize F1ESC F4SET EOL = ccccc RS-232 End-of-Line Char. EOLEOL F1ESC F4SET XON/XOFF Enable = ccc RS-232 Xon/Xoff XON/XOFFXON/XOFF F1ESC F4SET RS232 Echo Enable = ccc RS-232 Echo EchoEcho F1ESC F4SET Terminator = cccccc Utility Option Option Util Option Utility Version VER Util VER F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Date = mmm dd yy Time Option DateDate F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Time = hhmmss Time Option TimeTime Reference Appendices External Clock Source GB1400 Generator TXInternal Clock Source SMA Data Patterns Data Output True and Complement Clock Output True and Complement Rear Panel Auxiliary Outputs Phase A, Phase B, Clock/2Error Injection NRZ-L AC-Power Requirements RS-232 and Gpib InterfacesMechanical GB1400 Analyzer Clock InputData Input Reference Data Input AUX Synchronization Measurements BER Printer Interface Specifications Bert Primer/ Technical Articles Bert Definition Bert used to test physical layerBert Building Blocks Bert Pattern Generation Prbs Patterns Prbs Prbs Generation Circuits a few sample diagrams Doutput Other Tx Patterns Output Amplifiers Bert Receiver or Error Analyzer ComponentsBert Clock Data Coding, NRZ Data Input Amplifiers Error ComparatorReceived Data Pattern Reference BER Computation Confidence Level in BER Measurement Confidence Requires Collecting Many ErrorsStress Testing Additional Reading Other Bert Features Eye Width MeasurementAuto-Synch Error Insertion Pattern LockPattern Loading Software Jitter Generation Bit error rate testing How long is long enough? BER Ideal pulse Stressing through pattern generation Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Ensure Accuracy Of Bit-Error Rate Tests Page Supplying Data Patterns Bert Noise-Margin Stressing Μ F Avergage = Average = Page Data patterns for clock recovery stressing Data Patterns Stored + Peak Examining Jitter 2f BΦ θif B Amplitude UI peak-to-peak Frequency Jitter Tolerance Bert Affects Accuracy Example of Error Rate Measurement Abstract BER Measurement Inaccuracy versus Test Time = n / T Inaccuracy 95% = 2 σ / n ≈ 2/ n Testing for an Upper Limit on Error Rate Reduced Test Time by Stressing SNR = 20 log S / N rms Attenuation dB Example BER Example BER Summary Poisson Error Process Pn = rT n e−rT . n BER Biography Remote Commands Type of Commands Starts on Overview Datathres DATATHRES? Command Line Rules Command Line Terminator Setting Arguments Outside of Legal Ranges Command Examples Command Summary Alphabetical Bytesync n Analyzer only Bytesync? Remote Commands Rescurrate? Tse? Cls Ese n Ese? Esr?Idn? Lrn? OpcOpc? Rst Sre n Sre? Stb? Tse v Analyzer Only Tst?Wai Tse? Analyzer Only Tsr? Analyzer Only Datainvert onoff Datainvert?Datapattern prbs word rdata Datapattern? PrbslengthPrbslength? Recallword m Saveword mWordbits l, b1 b2 Wordbits? Wordlength lWordmemlen m, l Wordmemord m, msb lsb Wordmemord?Wordmemord? m Wordmemory m, l, b1, b2 Wordmemory? m Wordorder msb lsb Example Wordorder lsbPage Wordorder? Memory allocation for Word Memory storage Wordmemory? Gpibaddress Gpibaddress?Gpibbus offbus talklisten Rsecho? Gpibbus?Rsecho onoff Rspmtlf onoff Rsxonxoff onoff Rspmtlf?Rsprompt s Rspmtlf on Rsxonxoff? Allmem? Wordmemory 0, 16, #HAA, #HBB Wordmemory 1, 8, #HF0 Header on off Header?Logo? Viewangle? Options?Viewangle Viewangle Clockfreq Clockfreq?Clockmemory? Clocksource intext Clockmemory m, fClockmemory? m Clocksource? Clockstpup and clockstpdn ClockstepClockstep? Clockstpup v and clockstpdn Recallfreq m Savefreq m Amplitude Amplitude?Clockampup and clockampdn Clockampl? Clockampup v and clockampdnClockampl Clockoffup and clockoffdn Clockoffset? Clockoffup v and clockoffdnClockoffset Dataampup and dataampdn Dataampl? Dataampup v and dataampdnDataampl Dataoffup and dataoffdn Dataoffup v and dataoffdn DataoffsetDataoffset? Offset Offset? Errorrate offextrate3rate4rate5rate6rate7 Errorrate?Errorsingle Analyzer Commands Resbits? Rescurrate? Resdm? Resdmper?Resefs? Reserrors? Resefsper?Reselapsed? Reses? Resesper?Reslos? Resphaes? Resses?Ressesper? Resstart? Resstop?Ressync? Restes? Restesper?Restotrate? Resus? Resusper?Totalbits? Totalerror? Totalrate?Totaltime? Clockterm neg2v gnd ac Clockterm? Datadelup and datadeldn Datadelay Datadelay?Datadelup v and datadeldn Dataterm neg2v gnd ac Dataterm? Datathrup and datathrdn Datathrup v and datathrdnDatathres Datathres? Rdatadelup and rdatadeldnRdatadelup v and rdatadeldn Rdataterm neg2v gnd ac RdatadelayRdatadelay? Rdataterm? Rdatathrup and rdatathrdn Rdatathrup v and rdatathrdnRdatathres Rdatathres? Autosearch auto off disab Autosearch? Automode ber, fast Automode? Autosample n Autosample? Autothresh n Autothresh?Autowidth? Errorreset Dispselect total window testDispselect? Histrybits? Histryclear Histryphase on Histryphase?Histrypower? Histrystat? Histrysync? Sync? Testdiscard Testlength tTestlength? Testmode untimedtimedrepeat Testmode?Testprev currentprevious Testreport eotonerrorbothnone Testprev?Testprint Testreport? Testsquelch onoffTestsquelch? Teststate runstop Teststate? Testthres Testthres? Winbitlen? Winerror?Winbitlen Winbits? Winprev currentprevious Winmode bitssecWinmode? Winprev? Winrate? Winreport onoffWinreport? Winseclen s Winseclen?Wintime? Printenable onoff Printenable?Printport parallel gpib serial Printport? Printstring sPrintport Parallel Audioratup and audioratdn Audioratup v and audioratdnAudiorate Audiorate? AudiovolAudiovol? Audiovolup and audiovoldn Audiovolup v and audiovoldn Date yyyy-mm-dd Date? Time s Time? MB Option Commands Byteblock a, i, b1, ..., bn Byteblock? a Bytedelete a Byteedit a, b1 Byteedit? a Bytefill i, b1, b2, ..., bn Byteinsert a, i, b1, ..., bn Bytelength m, n Bytelength? Bytemode n Bytemode? Bytesync? Analyzer only Ratio errors/bitsBytesync n Analyzer only Level Editbegin n Editcntrl? Editend n 102 Using the Gpib Interface Gpib Interface Device Settings Gpib Connector Pin-Outs Programming Gpib Remote CommandsInterface Functions Gpib Numeric Responses Gpib Status ReportingStatus Byte Service Request Enable Service Request SRQStandard Event Status Register Standard Event Status Enable Register Test Status Event Enable Register Analyzer onlyTest Status Event Register Analyzer only Power-on settings Gpib Common CommandsAdditional SRQ Gpib Commands Rx only IEEE-488.2 Programming Manual Requirements Functional Elements Specific Command ImplementationsOverlapped vs. Sequential Commands Self Test Query Using the RS-232 Interface Option RS-232 Interface Device Settings RS-232 Interface Testing RS-232 Interface Hardware/ Handshaking Considerations Programming RS-232C Remote Commands RS-232C Error Messages Using GPIB, RS-232 Customer Acceptance Test For GB1400 Generator & Analyzer Performance Verification Functional Test Setup for Functional Test of Standard Instrument Confirmation of Frequency Function Confirmation of Generator Output Data Level Change Confirmation of Error Injection Rates Confirmation of Selectable Analyzer Terminations Performance Verification Confirmation of Buttons and Indicators Panel Lock On OFF Addr Using Front Panel Controls Returning to Factory Default SettingsHow to Recall Factory Default Settings Via Remote Control Generator TX Factory Default Settings Data PatternCLOCK/ Data Outputs CR/LF Remote InterfacesEOI/LF Misc Analyzer RX Factory Default Settings Error BeeperAuto Search/Pattern Synchronization Current BER Time and DatePrinter Test Parameters Misc Cleaning the Exterior Cleaning the CRTCleaning the Interior Cleaning Instructions Pattern Editor Requirements and Features What is MLPE?Before You Begin List of Features Minimum Requirements If you are using an alternate shell, such as Norton Desktop List of Files on this Disk RS-232 Cabling Page Page Read Before Opening Sealed Wrapper Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Design Overview PLL Clock Source PCBData Generator PCB Data and Clock Output Amplifier PCB GB1400 Analyzer RX Input Amplifier PCB Error Counter PCB Common to both GB1400 TX and GB1400 RXFront Panel PCB GB1400 Tx Figure I-2. Block Diagram GB1400 RX Glossary/ Index Analog-to-Digital Converter Bit ErrorAddress Attenuation Byte Error DetectionBit Rate Channel Noise Residual error rateMulti-Channel Cable RS-232C Glossary-4 Auto Search Appendices Figures Index-3 Tables