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Tektronix 071-0590-00 user manual Safety

Models: 071-0590-00

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Safety

Safety Terms Used in This User's Guide

C A U T I O N !	Indicates an operation or practice that could harm the
	instrument.
W A R N I N G !	Indicates an operation or practice that could result in
	personal injury or loss of life.

Safety Labels Found on the Instrument

DANGER

High Voltage

Protective Ground (Earth) Terminal

ATTENTION Refer to Manual

AC Power

The instrument is designed to operate from a power source that provides no more than 250 volts RMS between the two supply conductors or between either supply conductor and ground.

Ground the Instrument

The GB1400 is grounded through its AC power cord. Plug this power cord only into a properly grounded, three-conductor outlet. If you operate the instrument without a proper ground then all metal surfaces on the instrument become potential shock hazards.

To avoid potential hazards, use this product only as specified.

Use the Proper Fuse

Operating the instrument with an improper fuse creates a fire hazard. The correct fuses to install in the GB1400 are shown below:

Power Voltage	Fuse Type
115 VAC	5A, Slo-Blo
230 VAC	5A, Slo-Blo

Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres

This instrument does not provide protection from static discharges or arcing components and therefore must not be operated in an explosive atmosphere.

xii	GB1400 User Manual

Image 12

Tektronix 071-0590-00 user manual Safety

Contents

This document supports firmware version 2.2 and above Page Warranty How to Reach Customer Service TEK-WIDETable of Contents Tutorial Table of Contents Menus Gpib Theory of Operation Glossary Glossary-1 Index Index-1List of Figures List of Tables Safety SMA Connectors Behavior of Outputs Turning Power On or OffDo Not Remove Instrument Covers Static Sensitive Device NoticeHow This Manual is Organized ConventionsRelated Manuals Xvi Getting Started GB1400 Pattern Generator and Error Detector FeaturesSymmetrical, Low-Jitter Output Waveforms ApplicationsPrbs Or User-Defined Test Patterns Sample ApplicationsAdjustable Inputs For Maximum Flexibility Auto Search For Easy SetupPowerful Analysis And Reporting Functions Burst ModeOrdering Information GigaBERT GB1400GB1400T GB1400RGB Comparison GB660/CSA907A GB700 GB1400 Feature Tx and Rx GB1400 Instrument Configurations Standard and Burst Option GB1400 with Burst OptionInitial Self-Check Procedure ProcedurePage Operating Basics Functional Overview Bert Basics GB1400 Example, Bert ApplicationClock Data Controls, Indicators and Connectors Front Panel, GB1400 Generator TxFront Panel, GB1400 Analyzer RX Display Formats 1405000 PN23Generator Tx Display Frequency kHz Pattern OutputFrequency kHz Error Rate Totalize Delay/ Memory1405000 0E-06 2410538 PN23 Analyzer RX DisplayPage Generator Output Connectors Section Outputs and Inputs= clock bar = not clock Generator Clock Section Generator Output Section Generator Rear Panel Changing the Line FuseAnalyzer Input Section Analyzer Monitor Section Analyzer Rear Panel Connectors, Terminations, and Levels DATA/DATA BAR Controls and Indicators Power SwitchesReset to Factory Default View Angle and Panel Lock KeysGpib Section Controls Pattern Controls and Function Keys Function Soft Keys F1, F2, F3, and F4 Analyzer InputsGenerator Error Inject Section Affected Input Allowable Control Analyzer Error History Section Sync LossAnalyzer Error Detection Section Analyzer Sync ControlsBurst Mode Option Burst Mode Usage Specifications for Burst ModeTransmitter Burst Mode Option Data ValueDisplay Setting Pecl Option for GB1400 TxECL Levels Pecl Levels Basic Bert testing with the GB1400 Key Feature of TutorialObjective of Tutorial Equipment RequiredSetup units with default settings Instrument Connections and ControlsSetup Generator for PRBS-23 Mode Connect the Generator to the AnalyzerSetup Analyzer for AUTO-SEARCH Operation Change the Prbs pattern type Turn off Auto Search and change Generator OutputsKey several times to setup the analyzer for totalize Data signal not detected. Selected Your data signalError Rate display shows no Data or a 50% Error Rate You are starting to detect the data signalThis Concludes the Tutorial Applications Two Auto Search Synchronization MethodsPhase Application Note Auto Search Synchronization Auto Search will find the Data Delay Auto Search Algorithm Fast MethodAuto Search will find the Data V-THRESHOLD voltage II. Auto Search Algorithm BER Method Auto Search will find the Data Pattern and PolarityAuto Search will then attempt to find the Data Pattern Auto Search will determine the Data Delay Page Delay Specifications Consideration In Determining The Eye Data WidthConsideration In Determining The Data Eye Center GB700/ GB1400 Optical Component Test Fiber Optic Link Test ExampleFibre Channel Link Testing Parallel and High-speed Serial Testing Qpsk Modems, I & Q QpskQpsk BER Testing using Prbs Data for 2-Channel I & Q Channel BertApplication Example Reference Turning Instrument Power ON/OFF Menu OverviewFunctions Common to Generator TX and Analyzer RX Selecting 115 VAC or 230 VAC OperationRecalling the Default Setup Selecting a PatternLocking the Front Panel Pattern DefinitionsSelecting the Active Pattern Selecting Prbs PatternsSelecting the Current Word Pattern Prbs 2n-1 Test PatternsSelecting RECALLing a Saved Word Pattern WordCreating Word Patterns Using Front Panel Controls Word PatternsBasics Standard InstrumentsInstruments Equipped with 1-Mbit Option Creating Word Patterns Using Menus Length FillOrder Creating Word Patterns Under Remote Control Saving Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory Option Recalling Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory OptionGenerator TX Functions Clock Source and FrequencyExternal Clock Input Clock SourceSaving a Frequency Recalling a FrequencyData and Clock Outputs OverviewGenerator Clock and Data Output Equivalent Circuits Output Setup Rules vs. Termination Impedance Amplitude and Baseline OffsetLogically Inverting Output Data D-INV Procedure for Single-ended Operation TX only Procedure for Differential Operation TX onlySingle-ended or Differential Operation Pattern Sync and CLOCK/4 OutputsError Injection Selecting an Error Inject ModeError Inject Input Procedure to Control Error Injection ModeData Inhibit Logic Automatic Setup Functions Sync Disable KeyAnalyzer RX Functions Auto Search KeyActions Taken by Analyzer when Synchronization is Lost Auto Search With Prbs PatternsHow to Disable Automatic Pattern Resynchronization Relationship between Auto Search and DisableAuto Search with Non-PRBS Patterns Procedure to Set Sync Threshold Synchronization Lock ThresholdSynchronization Threshold Clock, Data, and Reference Data Inputs Input ParametersInput Data Delay How F2 and F3 Determine Which Input Can be Set UpProcedure to Add Delay ControlsProcedure for Selecting Input Termination Input TerminationInput Terminations for CLOCK, DATA, and REF Data Input Decision Threshold Logically Inverting Input DataInput Threshold Range as a Function of Termination Selecting the Reference Data Mode Procedure for Selecting the Reference Data ModeSingled-ended or Differential Operation Output Setup Monitor OutputsError Detection Set Up BERHow Totalize Results are Measured How Window Results Are MeasuredHow Test Results Are Measured Window Measurement ProcessTest Measurement Process Display Mode Totalize, Window, or Test Totalize Process Set UpProcedure to Select a Results Display Mode How to Tell Which Display Mode is ActiveWindow Process Set Up ProcedureTest Process Set Up BER and Bit Errors Procedure to View Desired BER and Bit Error ResultsViewing Results All Other Results Test Process onlyBasic Report Setup Procedure Printing Results ReportsAnalyzer Setup Report Example Analyzer Setup ReportProcedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Test Reports End-of-Test ReportsExample End-of-Test Report Procedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Window Reports End-of-Window ReportsExample End-of-Window Report On-Error Reports Example On-Error ReportProcedure to Enable On-Error Reports Procedure to Generate an On-Demand Test Summary ReportResult Definitions BER = TE / TBAll Other Results Test Intervals Only ES = TSE US Error History Indicators Analyzer performance history indicators areLocated in the Error History section of the front Panel. These indicators will latch on when the indicatedAnalyzer Error Messages Procedure To Set Up the Audio Alert FunctionClear Control Audio Beeper FunctionProcedure for Starting the Test Measurement Process Procedure for Stopping the Test ProcessStarting and Stopping Measurements Starting New Totalize and Window Measurement Intervals Functions Performed Using the Menu System Example Procedure Illustrating Menus and FunctionsMenus Menu and Function PagesMore Length Mode Report F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = Untimed F1ESC F4SET Reports on = EOT/ERROR General Rules for Using the Menu System Menu Summaries 10. Menu Descriptions11. Analyzer Menu System Overview 12. Generator Menu System Overview WordMenu Function Definitions F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Word AT ddddd = bbbbbbbbWord Edit Edit FormatF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET LENmmmmm Bytes + n Bits Word Length LengthWord Length Fill Word Memory WITHhh Word Fill FillF1ESC F4SET Word Order = ccc First Word Order OrderWord Order Word Sync Thres LEVEL= d Word Synchronization Threshold SyncWord Sync Buffer BufferAuto Fast BERF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Test Length = hhmmss Test Length LengthTest Length F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = ccccccc Test Mode ModeTest Mode F1ESC F4SET Reports on = ccccccccc Test Reports ReportTest Report F1ESC F4SET Error Threshold = eeeee Test Threshold ThresTest Thres On Error Squelch = ccc Test Squelch SquelTest Squel Test Print Print Test PrintF1ESC F4SET result namecount % Test View Previous VIEW-PRETest VIEW-PRE Test View Current VIEW-CUR Test VIEW-CURF1ESC F4SET Window Mode = ccccccc Window Mode ModeWindow Mode Format F1ESC F4SET Window LEN = 1.0eEE BitsWindow Interval in Bits Bits Window BitsF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Window LEN = hhmmss Window Interval in HrsMinSec SecondWindow Second END of Window Print = ccc Window Reports ReportWindow Report Baud = dddd RS-232 Baud Rate BaudBaud F1ESC F4SET Parity = cccc RS-232 Parity ParityParity Size = d RS-232 Data Bits SizeSize F1ESC F4SET EOL = ccccc RS-232 End-of-Line Char. EOLEOL F1ESC F4SET XON/XOFF Enable = ccc RS-232 Xon/Xoff XON/XOFFXON/XOFF F1ESC F4SET RS232 Echo Enable = ccc RS-232 Echo EchoEcho F1ESC F4SET Terminator = cccccc Utility Option Option Util OptionUtility Version VER Util VERF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Date = mmm dd yy Time Option DateDate F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Time = hhmmss Time Option TimeTime Reference Appendices GB1400 Generator TX Internal Clock SourceExternal Clock Source SMAData Patterns Data Output True and ComplementRear Panel Auxiliary Outputs Phase A, Phase B, Clock/2 Error InjectionClock Output True and Complement NRZ-LAC-Power Requirements RS-232 and Gpib InterfacesMechanical GB1400 Analyzer Clock InputData Input Reference Data Input AUX SynchronizationMeasurements BERPrinter Interface Specifications Bert Primer/ Technical Articles Bert Definition Bert used to test physical layerBert Building Blocks Bert Pattern Generation Prbs PatternsPrbs Prbs Generation Circuits a few sample diagrams DoutputOther Tx Patterns Bert Receiver or Error Analyzer Components Bert ClockOutput Amplifiers Data Coding, NRZError Comparator Received Data Pattern ReferenceData Input Amplifiers BER ComputationConfidence Requires Collecting Many Errors Stress TestingConfidence Level in BER Measurement Additional ReadingOther Bert Features Eye Width MeasurementAuto-Synch Error Insertion Pattern LockPattern Loading Software Jitter Generation Bit error rate testing How long is long enough? BER Ideal pulse Stressing through pattern generation Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Ensure Accuracy Of Bit-Error Rate Tests Page Supplying Data Patterns BertNoise-Margin Stressing Μ F Avergage = Average = Page Data patterns for clock recovery stressing Data Patterns Stored+ Peak Examining Jitter2f BΦ θif B Amplitude UI peak-to-peak Frequency Jitter ToleranceBert Affects Accuracy Example of Error Rate Measurement AbstractBER Measurement Inaccuracy versus Test Time = n / TInaccuracy 95% = 2 σ / n ≈ 2/ n Testing for an Upper Limit on Error Rate Reduced Test Time by StressingSNR = 20 log S / N rms Attenuation dB Example BERExample BER Summary Poisson Error Process Pn = rT n e−rT . nBER Biography Remote Commands Type of Commands Starts onOverview Datathres DATATHRES?Command Line Rules Command Line TerminatorSetting Arguments Outside of Legal Ranges Command Examples Command Summary Alphabetical Bytesync n Analyzer only Bytesync? Remote Commands Rescurrate? Tse? Cls Ese nEse? Esr?Idn? Lrn? OpcOpc? Rst Sre nSre? Stb?Tst? WaiTse v Analyzer Only Tse? Analyzer OnlyTsr? Analyzer Only Datainvert onoff Datainvert?Datapattern prbs word rdata Datapattern? PrbslengthPrbslength? Recallword m Saveword mWordbits l, b1 b2 Wordbits? Wordlength lWordmemlen m, l Wordmemord m, msb lsb Wordmemord?Wordmemord? m Wordmemory m, l, b1, b2 Wordmemory? mWordorder msb lsb Example Wordorder lsbPage Wordorder? Memory allocation for Word Memory storageWordmemory? Gpibaddress Gpibaddress?Gpibbus offbus talklisten Gpibbus? Rsecho onoffRsecho? Rspmtlf onoffRspmtlf? Rsprompt sRsxonxoff onoff Rspmtlf onRsxonxoff? Allmem? Wordmemory 0, 16, #HAA, #HBB Wordmemory 1, 8, #HF0Header on off Header?Logo? Options? ViewangleViewangle? ViewangleClockfreq Clockfreq?Clockmemory? Clockmemory m, f Clockmemory? mClocksource intext Clocksource?Clockstep Clockstep?Clockstpup and clockstpdn Clockstpup v and clockstpdnRecallfreq m Savefreq mAmplitude Amplitude?Clockampup and clockampdn Clockampup v and clockampdn ClockamplClockampl? Clockoffup and clockoffdnClockoffup v and clockoffdn ClockoffsetClockoffset? Dataampup and dataampdnDataampup v and dataampdn DataamplDataampl? Dataoffup and dataoffdnDataoffup v and dataoffdn DataoffsetDataoffset? Offset Offset?Errorrate offextrate3rate4rate5rate6rate7 Errorrate?Errorsingle Analyzer Commands Resbits? Rescurrate?Resdm? Resdmper?Resefs? Reserrors? Resefsper?Reselapsed? Reses? Resesper?Reslos? Resphaes? Resses?Ressesper? Resstart? Resstop?Ressync? Restes? Restesper?Restotrate? Resus? Resusper?Totalbits? Totalerror? Totalrate?Totaltime? Clockterm neg2v gnd ac Clockterm?Datadelup and datadeldn Datadelay Datadelay?Datadelup v and datadeldn Dataterm neg2v gnd ac Dataterm?Datathrup and datathrdn Datathrup v and datathrdnDatathres Datathres? Rdatadelup and rdatadeldnRdatadelup v and rdatadeldn Rdatadelay Rdatadelay?Rdataterm neg2v gnd ac Rdataterm?Rdatathrup and rdatathrdn Rdatathrup v and rdatathrdnRdatathres Rdatathres? Autosearch auto off disab Autosearch?Automode ber, fast Automode?Autosample n Autosample?Autothresh n Autothresh?Autowidth? Errorreset Dispselect total window testDispselect? Histrybits? HistryclearHistryphase? Histrypower?Histryphase on Histrystat?Histrysync? Sync?Testdiscard Testlength tTestlength? Testmode untimedtimedrepeat Testmode?Testprev currentprevious Testreport eotonerrorbothnone Testprev?Testprint Testreport? Testsquelch onoffTestsquelch? Teststate runstop Teststate?Testthres Testthres?Winerror? WinbitlenWinbitlen? Winbits?Winmode bitssec Winmode?Winprev currentprevious Winprev?Winrate? Winreport onoffWinreport? Winseclen s Winseclen?Wintime? Printenable onoff Printenable?Printport parallel gpib serial Printport? Printstring sPrintport Parallel Audioratup and audioratdn Audioratup v and audioratdnAudiorate Audiorate? AudiovolAudiovol? Audiovolup and audiovoldn Audiovolup v and audiovoldnDate yyyy-mm-dd Date?Time s Time?MB Option Commands Byteblock a, i, b1, ..., bn Byteblock? a Bytedelete a Byteedit a, b1 Byteedit? aBytefill i, b1, b2, ..., bn Byteinsert a, i, b1, ..., bnBytelength m, n Bytelength?Bytemode n Bytemode?Ratio errors/bits Bytesync n Analyzer onlyBytesync? Analyzer only LevelEditbegin n Editcntrl? Editend n102 Using the Gpib Interface Gpib Interface Device SettingsGpib Connector Pin-Outs Programming Gpib Remote CommandsInterface Functions Gpib Numeric Responses Gpib Status ReportingStatus Byte Service Request Enable Service Request SRQStandard Event Status Register Standard Event Status Enable Register Test Status Event Enable Register Analyzer onlyTest Status Event Register Analyzer only Gpib Common Commands Additional SRQ Gpib Commands Rx onlyPower-on settings IEEE-488.2 Programming Manual RequirementsSpecific Command Implementations Overlapped vs. Sequential CommandsFunctional Elements Self Test QueryUsing the RS-232 Interface Option RS-232 Interface Device SettingsRS-232 Interface Testing RS-232 Interface Hardware/ Handshaking ConsiderationsProgramming RS-232C Remote Commands RS-232C Error Messages Using GPIB, RS-232 Customer Acceptance Test For GB1400 Generator & Analyzer Performance Verification Functional Test Setup for Functional Test of Standard Instrument Confirmation of Frequency Function Confirmation of Generator Output Data Level Change Confirmation of Error Injection Rates Confirmation of Selectable Analyzer Terminations Performance Verification Confirmation of Buttons and Indicators Panel Lock On OFF Addr Returning to Factory Default Settings How to Recall Factory Default SettingsUsing Front Panel Controls Via Remote ControlGenerator TX Factory Default Settings Data PatternCLOCK/ Data Outputs Remote Interfaces EOI/LFCR/LF MiscAnalyzer RX Factory Default Settings Error BeeperAuto Search/Pattern Synchronization Time and Date PrinterCurrent BER Test ParametersMisc Cleaning the Exterior Cleaning the CRTCleaning the Interior Cleaning Instructions Pattern Editor Requirements and Features What is MLPE?Before You Begin List of Features Minimum RequirementsIf you are using an alternate shell, such as Norton Desktop List of Files on this DiskRS-232 Cabling Page Page Read Before Opening Sealed Wrapper Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Design Overview PLL Clock Source PCBData Generator PCB Data and Clock Output Amplifier PCB GB1400 Analyzer RX Input Amplifier PCBError Counter PCB Common to both GB1400 TX and GB1400 RXFront Panel PCB GB1400 Tx Figure I-2. Block Diagram GB1400 RX Glossary/ Index Bit Error AddressAnalog-to-Digital Converter AttenuationError Detection Bit RateByte ChannelResidual error rate Multi-Channel CableNoise RS-232CGlossary-4 Auto Search AppendicesFigures Index-3 Tables