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Tektronix 071-0590-00 user manual Functional Overview

Models: 071-0590-00

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Functional Overview

This section describes how to use and navigate through the basic functions of the GB1400, including:

∙BERT Basics

∙Controls, indicators and connectors

∙Display Formats

∙Outputs and Inputs

Also in this section is:

∙Tutorial - "Understand GB1400 instrument setup for BER testing using PRBS patterns";

∙Application Note - Auto Search Synchronization with GB1400; and,

∙Application Example - GB700/ GB1400 Optical component test.

GB1400 User Manual

2-1

Image 27

Tektronix 071-0590-00 user manual Functional Overview

Contents

This document supports firmware version 2.2 and above Page Warranty TEK-WIDE How to Reach Customer ServiceTable of Contents Tutorial Table of Contents Menus Theory of Operation Glossary Glossary-1 Index Index-1 GpibList of Figures List of Tables Safety Static Sensitive Device Notice SMA ConnectorsBehavior of Outputs Turning Power On or Off Do Not Remove Instrument CoversConventions How This Manual is OrganizedRelated Manuals Xvi Getting Started Features GB1400 Pattern Generator and Error DetectorSample Applications Symmetrical, Low-Jitter Output WaveformsApplications Prbs Or User-Defined Test PatternsBurst Mode Adjustable Inputs For Maximum FlexibilityAuto Search For Easy Setup Powerful Analysis And Reporting FunctionsGB1400R Ordering InformationGigaBERT GB1400 GB1400TGB Comparison GB660/CSA907A GB700 GB1400 Feature Tx and Rx GB1400 with Burst Option GB1400 Instrument Configurations Standard and Burst OptionProcedure Initial Self-Check ProcedurePage Operating Basics Functional Overview Example, Bert Application Bert Basics GB1400Clock Data Front Panel, GB1400 Generator Tx Controls, Indicators and ConnectorsFront Panel, GB1400 Analyzer RX Frequency kHz Pattern Output Display Formats1405000 PN23 Generator Tx DisplayAnalyzer RX Display Frequency kHz Error Rate TotalizeDelay/ Memory 1405000 0E-06 2410538 PN23Page Generator Output Connectors Section Outputs and Inputs= clock bar = not clock Generator Clock Section Generator Output Section Changing the Line Fuse Generator Rear PanelAnalyzer Input Section Analyzer Monitor Section Analyzer Rear Panel Connectors, Terminations, and Levels DATA/DATA BAR View Angle and Panel Lock Keys Controls and IndicatorsPower Switches Reset to Factory DefaultGpib Section Controls Pattern Controls and Function Keys Analyzer Inputs Function Soft Keys F1, F2, F3, and F4Generator Error Inject Section Affected Input Allowable Control Sync Loss Analyzer Error History SectionAnalyzer Sync Controls Analyzer Error Detection SectionBurst Mode Option Specifications for Burst Mode Burst Mode UsageData Value Transmitter Burst Mode OptionDisplay Setting Pecl Option for GB1400 TxECL Levels Pecl Levels Equipment Required Basic Bert testing with the GB1400Key Feature of Tutorial Objective of TutorialInstrument Connections and Controls Setup units with default settingsConnect the Generator to the Analyzer Setup Generator for PRBS-23 ModeSetup Analyzer for AUTO-SEARCH Operation Turn off Auto Search and change Generator Outputs Change the Prbs pattern typeKey several times to setup the analyzer for totalize You are starting to detect the data signal Data signal not detected. SelectedYour data signal Error Rate display shows no Data or a 50% Error RateThis Concludes the Tutorial Two Auto Search Synchronization Methods ApplicationsPhase Application Note Auto Search Synchronization Auto Search will find the Data Delay Auto Search Algorithm Fast MethodAuto Search will find the Data V-THRESHOLD voltage II. Auto Search Algorithm BER Method Auto Search will find the Data Pattern and PolarityAuto Search will then attempt to find the Data Pattern Auto Search will determine the Data Delay Page Delay Specifications Consideration In Determining The Eye Data WidthConsideration In Determining The Data Eye Center Fiber Optic Link Test Example GB700/ GB1400 Optical Component TestFibre Channel Link Testing Parallel and High-speed Serial Qpsk Testing Qpsk Modems, I & QChannel Bert Qpsk BER Testing using Prbs Data for 2-Channel I & QApplication Example Reference Selecting 115 VAC or 230 VAC Operation Turning Instrument Power ON/OFFMenu Overview Functions Common to Generator TX and Analyzer RXPattern Definitions Recalling the Default SetupSelecting a Pattern Locking the Front PanelPrbs 2n-1 Test Patterns Selecting the Active PatternSelecting Prbs Patterns Selecting the Current Word PatternWord Selecting RECALLing a Saved Word PatternStandard Instruments Creating Word Patterns Using Front Panel ControlsWord Patterns BasicsInstruments Equipped with 1-Mbit Option Creating Word Patterns Using Menus Length FillOrder Creating Word Patterns Under Remote Control Recalling Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory Option Saving Word Patterns 1-Mbit Memory OptionClock Source Generator TX FunctionsClock Source and Frequency External Clock InputRecalling a Frequency Saving a FrequencyOverview Data and Clock OutputsGenerator Clock and Data Output Equivalent Circuits Amplitude and Baseline Offset Output Setup Rules vs. Termination ImpedanceLogically Inverting Output Data D-INV Pattern Sync and CLOCK/4 Outputs Procedure for Single-ended Operation TX onlyProcedure for Differential Operation TX only Single-ended or Differential OperationSelecting an Error Inject Mode Error InjectionError Inject Input Procedure to Control Error Injection ModeData Inhibit Logic Auto Search Key Automatic Setup Functions SyncDisable Key Analyzer RX FunctionsAuto Search With Prbs Patterns Actions Taken by Analyzer when Synchronization is LostHow to Disable Automatic Pattern Resynchronization Relationship between Auto Search and DisableAuto Search with Non-PRBS Patterns Procedure to Set Sync Threshold Synchronization Lock ThresholdSynchronization Threshold Input Parameters Clock, Data, and Reference Data InputsControls Input Data DelayHow F2 and F3 Determine Which Input Can be Set Up Procedure to Add DelayProcedure for Selecting Input Termination Input TerminationInput Terminations for CLOCK, DATA, and REF Data Input Decision Threshold Logically Inverting Input DataInput Threshold Range as a Function of Termination Selecting the Reference Data Mode Procedure for Selecting the Reference Data ModeSingled-ended or Differential Operation Monitor Outputs Output SetupBER Error Detection Set UpHow Window Results Are Measured How Totalize Results are MeasuredWindow Measurement Process How Test Results Are MeasuredTest Measurement Process How to Tell Which Display Mode is Active Display Mode Totalize, Window, or TestTotalize Process Set Up Procedure to Select a Results Display ModeProcedure Window Process Set UpTest Process Set Up All Other Results Test Process only BER and Bit ErrorsProcedure to View Desired BER and Bit Error Results Viewing ResultsPrinting Results Reports Basic Report Setup ProcedureExample Analyzer Setup Report Analyzer Setup ReportProcedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Test Reports End-of-Test ReportsExample End-of-Test Report Procedure to Enable or Disable End-of-Window Reports End-of-Window ReportsExample End-of-Window Report Procedure to Generate an On-Demand Test Summary Report On-Error ReportsExample On-Error Report Procedure to Enable On-Error ReportsResult Definitions BER = TE / TBAll Other Results Test Intervals Only ES = TSE US Panel. These indicators will latch on when the indicated Error History IndicatorsAnalyzer performance history indicators are Located in the Error History section of the frontAudio Beeper Function Analyzer Error MessagesProcedure To Set Up the Audio Alert Function Clear ControlProcedure for Starting the Test Measurement Process Procedure for Stopping the Test ProcessStarting and Stopping Measurements Starting New Totalize and Window Measurement Intervals Menu and Function Pages Functions Performed Using the Menu SystemExample Procedure Illustrating Menus and Functions MenusMore Length Mode Report F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = Untimed F1ESC F4SET Reports on = EOT/ERROR General Rules for Using the Menu System 10. Menu Descriptions Menu Summaries11. Analyzer Menu System Overview Word 12. Generator Menu System OverviewMenu Function Definitions Format F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SETWord AT ddddd = bbbbbbbb Word Edit EditF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET LENmmmmm Bytes + n Bits Word Length LengthWord Length Word Fill Fill Fill Word Memory WITHhhF1ESC F4SET Word Order = ccc First Word Order OrderWord Order Word Sync Thres LEVEL= d Word Synchronization Threshold SyncWord Sync Buffer BufferFast BER AutoF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Test Length = hhmmss Test Length LengthTest Length F1ESC F4SET Test Mode = ccccccc Test Mode ModeTest Mode F1ESC F4SET Reports on = ccccccccc Test Reports ReportTest Report F1ESC F4SET Error Threshold = eeeee Test Threshold ThresTest Thres On Error Squelch = ccc Test Squelch SquelTest Squel Test Print Test Print PrintF1ESC F4SET result namecount % Test View Previous VIEW-PRETest VIEW-PRE Test VIEW-CUR Test View Current VIEW-CURF1ESC F4SET Window Mode = ccccccc Window Mode ModeWindow Mode Window Bits FormatF1ESC F4SET Window LEN = 1.0eEE Bits Window Interval in Bits BitsF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Window LEN = hhmmss Window Interval in HrsMinSec SecondWindow Second END of Window Print = ccc Window Reports ReportWindow Report Baud = dddd RS-232 Baud Rate BaudBaud F1ESC F4SET Parity = cccc RS-232 Parity ParityParity Size = d RS-232 Data Bits SizeSize F1ESC F4SET EOL = ccccc RS-232 End-of-Line Char. EOLEOL F1ESC F4SET XON/XOFF Enable = ccc RS-232 Xon/Xoff XON/XOFFXON/XOFF F1ESC F4SET RS232 Echo Enable = ccc RS-232 Echo EchoEcho F1ESC F4SET Terminator = cccccc Util Option Utility Option OptionUtil VER Utility Version VERF1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Date = mmm dd yy Time Option DateDate F1ESC F2- -F3 F4SET Time = hhmmss Time Option TimeTime Reference Appendices SMA GB1400 Generator TXInternal Clock Source External Clock SourceData Output True and Complement Data PatternsNRZ-L Rear Panel Auxiliary Outputs Phase A, Phase B, Clock/2Error Injection Clock Output True and ComplementAC-Power Requirements RS-232 and Gpib InterfacesMechanical GB1400 Analyzer Clock InputData Input Reference Data Input Synchronization AUXBER MeasurementsPrinter Interface Specifications Bert Primer/ Technical Articles Bert Definition Bert used to test physical layerBert Building Blocks Prbs Patterns Bert Pattern GenerationPrbs Doutput Prbs Generation Circuits a few sample diagramsOther Tx Patterns Data Coding, NRZ Bert Receiver or Error Analyzer ComponentsBert Clock Output AmplifiersBER Computation Error ComparatorReceived Data Pattern Reference Data Input AmplifiersAdditional Reading Confidence Requires Collecting Many ErrorsStress Testing Confidence Level in BER MeasurementOther Bert Features Eye Width MeasurementAuto-Synch Error Insertion Pattern LockPattern Loading Software Jitter Generation Bit error rate testing How long is long enough? BER Ideal pulse Stressing through pattern generation Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Bert Technical Articles Ensure Accuracy Of Bit-Error Rate Tests Page Bert Supplying Data PatternsNoise-Margin Stressing Μ F Avergage = Average = Page Data Patterns Stored Data patterns for clock recovery stressingExamining Jitter + Peak2f BΦ θif B Jitter Tolerance Amplitude UI peak-to-peak FrequencyBert Affects Accuracy Abstract Example of Error Rate Measurement= n / T BER Measurement Inaccuracy versus Test TimeInaccuracy 95% = 2 σ / n ≈ 2/ n Reduced Test Time by Stressing Testing for an Upper Limit on Error RateSNR = 20 log S / N rms Attenuation dB BER ExampleExample BER Summary Pn = rT n e−rT . n Poisson Error ProcessBER Biography Type of Commands Starts on Remote CommandsOverview DATATHRES? DatathresCommand Line Terminator Command Line RulesSetting Arguments Outside of Legal Ranges Command Examples Command Summary Alphabetical Bytesync n Analyzer only Bytesync? Remote Commands Rescurrate? Tse? Ese n ClsEse? Esr?Idn? Lrn? OpcOpc? Sre n RstStb? Sre?Tse? Analyzer Only Tst?Wai Tse v Analyzer OnlyTsr? Analyzer Only Datainvert onoff Datainvert?Datapattern prbs word rdata Datapattern? PrbslengthPrbslength? Recallword m Saveword mWordbits l, b1 b2 Wordbits? Wordlength lWordmemlen m, l Wordmemord m, msb lsb Wordmemord?Wordmemord? m Wordmemory? m Wordmemory m, l, b1, b2Example Wordorder lsb Wordorder msb lsbPage Memory allocation for Word Memory storage Wordorder?Wordmemory? Gpibaddress Gpibaddress?Gpibbus offbus talklisten Rspmtlf onoff Gpibbus?Rsecho onoff Rsecho?Rspmtlf on Rspmtlf?Rsprompt s Rsxonxoff onoffRsxonxoff? Wordmemory 0, 16, #HAA, #HBB Wordmemory 1, 8, #HF0 Allmem?Header on off Header?Logo? Viewangle Options?Viewangle Viewangle?Clockfreq Clockfreq?Clockmemory? Clocksource? Clockmemory m, fClockmemory? m Clocksource intextClockstpup v and clockstpdn ClockstepClockstep? Clockstpup and clockstpdnSavefreq m Recallfreq mAmplitude Amplitude?Clockampup and clockampdn Clockoffup and clockoffdn Clockampup v and clockampdnClockampl Clockampl?Dataampup and dataampdn Clockoffup v and clockoffdnClockoffset Clockoffset?Dataoffup and dataoffdn Dataampup v and dataampdnDataampl Dataampl?Dataoffup v and dataoffdn DataoffsetDataoffset? Offset? OffsetErrorrate offextrate3rate4rate5rate6rate7 Errorrate?Errorsingle Analyzer Commands Rescurrate? Resbits?Resdm? Resdmper?Resefs? Reserrors? Resefsper?Reselapsed? Reses? Resesper?Reslos? Resphaes? Resses?Ressesper? Resstart? Resstop?Ressync? Restes? Restesper?Restotrate? Resus? Resusper?Totalbits? Totalerror? Totalrate?Totaltime? Clockterm? Clockterm neg2v gnd acDatadelup and datadeldn Datadelay Datadelay?Datadelup v and datadeldn Dataterm? Dataterm neg2v gnd acDatathrup and datathrdn Datathrup v and datathrdnDatathres Datathres? Rdatadelup and rdatadeldnRdatadelup v and rdatadeldn Rdataterm? RdatadelayRdatadelay? Rdataterm neg2v gnd acRdatathrup and rdatathrdn Rdatathrup v and rdatathrdnRdatathres Rdatathres? Autosearch? Autosearch auto off disabAutomode? Automode ber, fastAutosample? Autosample nAutothresh n Autothresh?Autowidth? Errorreset Dispselect total window testDispselect? Histryclear Histrybits?Histrystat? Histryphase?Histrypower? Histryphase onSync? Histrysync?Testdiscard Testlength tTestlength? Testmode untimedtimedrepeat Testmode?Testprev currentprevious Testreport eotonerrorbothnone Testprev?Testprint Testreport? Testsquelch onoffTestsquelch? Teststate? Teststate runstopTestthres? TestthresWinbits? Winerror?Winbitlen Winbitlen?Winprev? Winmode bitssecWinmode? Winprev currentpreviousWinrate? Winreport onoffWinreport? Winseclen s Winseclen?Wintime? Printenable onoff Printenable?Printport parallel gpib serial Printport? Printstring sPrintport Parallel Audioratup and audioratdn Audioratup v and audioratdnAudiorate Audiorate? AudiovolAudiovol? Audiovolup v and audiovoldn Audiovolup and audiovoldnDate? Date yyyy-mm-ddTime? Time sMB Option Commands Byteblock a, i, b1, ..., bn Byteblock? a Bytedelete a Byteedit? a Byteedit a, b1Byteinsert a, i, b1, ..., bn Bytefill i, b1, b2, ..., bnBytelength? Bytelength m, nBytemode? Bytemode nLevel Ratio errors/bitsBytesync n Analyzer only Bytesync? Analyzer onlyEditbegin n Editend n Editcntrl?102 Gpib Interface Device Settings Using the Gpib InterfaceGpib Connector Pin-Outs Programming Gpib Remote CommandsInterface Functions Gpib Numeric Responses Gpib Status ReportingStatus Byte Service Request Enable Service Request SRQStandard Event Status Register Standard Event Status Enable Register Test Status Event Enable Register Analyzer onlyTest Status Event Register Analyzer only IEEE-488.2 Programming Manual Requirements Gpib Common CommandsAdditional SRQ Gpib Commands Rx only Power-on settingsSelf Test Query Specific Command ImplementationsOverlapped vs. Sequential Commands Functional ElementsRS-232 Interface Device Settings Using the RS-232 Interface OptionRS-232 Interface Hardware/ Handshaking Considerations RS-232 Interface TestingProgramming RS-232C Remote Commands RS-232C Error Messages Using GPIB, RS-232 Customer Acceptance Test For GB1400 Generator & Analyzer Performance Verification Functional Test Setup for Functional Test of Standard Instrument Confirmation of Frequency Function Confirmation of Generator Output Data Level Change Confirmation of Error Injection Rates Confirmation of Selectable Analyzer Terminations Performance Verification Confirmation of Buttons and Indicators Panel Lock On OFF Addr Via Remote Control Returning to Factory Default SettingsHow to Recall Factory Default Settings Using Front Panel ControlsGenerator TX Factory Default Settings Data PatternCLOCK/ Data Outputs Misc Remote InterfacesEOI/LF CR/LFAnalyzer RX Factory Default Settings Error BeeperAuto Search/Pattern Synchronization Test Parameters Time and DatePrinter Current BERMisc Cleaning the Exterior Cleaning the CRTCleaning the Interior Cleaning Instructions Pattern Editor Requirements and Features What is MLPE?Before You Begin Minimum Requirements List of FeaturesList of Files on this Disk If you are using an alternate shell, such as Norton DesktopRS-232 Cabling Page Page Read Before Opening Sealed Wrapper Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Pattern Editing Software Design Overview PLL Clock Source PCBData Generator PCB Data and Clock Output Amplifier PCB Input Amplifier PCB GB1400 Analyzer RXError Counter PCB Common to both GB1400 TX and GB1400 RXFront Panel PCB GB1400 Tx Figure I-2. Block Diagram GB1400 RX Glossary/ Index Attenuation Bit ErrorAddress Analog-to-Digital ConverterChannel Error DetectionBit Rate ByteRS-232C Residual error rateMulti-Channel Cable NoiseGlossary-4 Appendices Auto SearchFigures Index-3 Tables