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Motorola MC68340 manual Architecture Summary, Programming Model

Models: MC68340

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Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

5.2 ARCHITECTURE SUMMARY

The CPU32 is upward source- and object-code compatible with the MC68000 and MC68010. It is downward source- and object-code compatible with the MC68020. Within the M68000 family, architectural differences are limited to the supervisory operating state. User state programs can be executed unchanged on upward-compatible devices.

The major CPU32 features are as follows:

•32-Bit Internal Data Path and Arithmetic Hardware

•32-Bit Address Bus Supported by 32-Bit Calculations

•Rich Instruction Set

•Eight 32-Bit General-Purpose Data Registers

•Seven 32-Bit General-Purpose Address Registers

•Separate User and Supervisor Stack Pointers

•Separate User and Supervisor State Address Spaces

•Separate Program and Data Address Spaces

•Many Data Types

•Flexible Addressing Modes

•Full Interrupt Processing

•Expansion Capability

5.2.1 Programming Model

The CPU32 programming model consists of two groups of registers that correspond to the user and supervisor privilege levels. User programs can only use the registers of the user model. The supervisor programming model, which supplements the user programming model, is used by CPU32 system programmers who wish to protect sensitive operating system functions. The supervisor model is identical to that of MC68010 and later processors.

The CPU32 has eight 32-bit data registers, seven 32-bit address registers, a 32-bit PC, separate 32-bit SSP and USP, a 16-bit SR, two alternate function code registers, and a 32-bit VBR (see Figures 5-3 and 5-4).

5- 8MC68340 USER’S MANUALMOTOROLA

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Motorola MC68340 manual Architecture Summary, Programming Model
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MC68340 specifications

The Motorola MC68340 is a highly integrated microprocessor that was introduced in the early 1990s. It belongs to the 68000 family of microprocessors and is designed to cater to the demands of embedded systems, particularly in telecommunications and networking applications. This chip represents a significant evolution in microprocessor technology by combining a microprocessor core with additional peripherals on a single chip, making it an attractive solution for engineers looking to design compact and efficient systems.

One of the key features of the MC68340 is its 32-bit architecture, which allows for significant processing power and data handling capabilities. This architecture enables the processor to handle larger data sizes and perform more complex calculations compared to its 16-bit predecessors. The MC68340 operates at clock speeds typically ranging from 16 MHz to 25 MHz. Its dual instruction pipeline enhances throughput, allowing for simultaneous instruction fetches and executions, which significantly boosts performance.

A notable characteristic of the MC68340 is the inclusion of integrated peripherals, which help reduce the overall component count in a system. Key integrated components include a memory management unit (MMU), a direct memory access (DMA) controller, and various communication interfaces such as serial ports. The memory management capabilities enhance the processor's ability to manage memory resources efficiently, enabling it to support multitasking environments commonly found in modern computing.

In terms of connectivity, the MC68340 features connections for both synchronous and asynchronous serial communication, making it well-suited for networking tasks. The processor supports a range of bus standards, including address and data buses, which facilitate seamless interaction with peripheral devices.

Another important aspect of the MC68340 is its flexibility. The processor supports multiple operating modes, including multiple CPU configurations and compatibility with the Motorola 68000 family, allowing for easier integration into existing systems.

Moreover, the MC68340 boasts low power consumption compared to many of its contemporaries, making it an excellent choice for battery-operated applications, enhancing its appeal in sectors like telecommunications, industrial control, and automotive systems. Its combination of performance, integration, versatility, and efficiency has secured the MC68340 a reputable position in the annals of embedded systems technology, proving to be a valuable asset for developers and engineers alike.