Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.

SECTION 5

CPU32

The CPU32, the first-generation instruction processing module of the M68300 family, is based on the industry-standard MC68000 core processor. It has many features of the MC68010 and MC68020 as well as unique features suited for high-performance processor applications. The CPU32 provides a significant performance increase over the MC68000 CPU, yet maintains source-code and binary-code compatibility with the M68000 family.

5.1 OVERVIEW

The CPU32 is designed to interface to the intermodule bus (IMB), allowing interaction with other IMB submodules. In this manner, integrated processors can be developed that contain useful peripherals on chip. This integration provides high-speed accesses among the IMB submodules, increasing system performance.

Another advantage of the CPU32 is low power consumption. The CPU32 is implemented in high-speed complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (HCMOS) technology, providing low power use during normal operation. During periods of inactivity, the LPSTOP instruction can be executed, shutting down the CPU32 and other IMB modules, greatly reducing power consumption.

Ease of programming is an important consideration when using an integrated processor. The CPU32 instruction format reflects a predominate register-memory interaction philosophy. All data resources are available to all operations that require them. The programming model includes eight multifunction data registers and seven general-purpose addressing registers. The data registers readily support 8-bit (byte), 16-bit (word), and 32- bit (long-word) operand lengths for all operations. Address manipulation is supported by word and long-word operations. Although the program counter (PC) and stack pointers (SP) are special-purpose registers, they are also available for most data addressing activities. Ease of program checking and diagnosis is enhanced by trace and trap capabilities at the instruction level.

As processor applications become more complex and programs become larger, high-level language (HLL) will become the system designer's choice in programming languages. HLL aids in the rapid development of complex algorithms with less error and is readily portable. The CPU32 instruction set will efficiently support HLL.

MOTOROLAMC68340 USER’S MANUAL5- 1

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Motorola MC68340 manual Section CPU32, Overview
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MC68340 specifications

The Motorola MC68340 is a highly integrated microprocessor that was introduced in the early 1990s. It belongs to the 68000 family of microprocessors and is designed to cater to the demands of embedded systems, particularly in telecommunications and networking applications. This chip represents a significant evolution in microprocessor technology by combining a microprocessor core with additional peripherals on a single chip, making it an attractive solution for engineers looking to design compact and efficient systems.

One of the key features of the MC68340 is its 32-bit architecture, which allows for significant processing power and data handling capabilities. This architecture enables the processor to handle larger data sizes and perform more complex calculations compared to its 16-bit predecessors. The MC68340 operates at clock speeds typically ranging from 16 MHz to 25 MHz. Its dual instruction pipeline enhances throughput, allowing for simultaneous instruction fetches and executions, which significantly boosts performance.

A notable characteristic of the MC68340 is the inclusion of integrated peripherals, which help reduce the overall component count in a system. Key integrated components include a memory management unit (MMU), a direct memory access (DMA) controller, and various communication interfaces such as serial ports. The memory management capabilities enhance the processor's ability to manage memory resources efficiently, enabling it to support multitasking environments commonly found in modern computing.

In terms of connectivity, the MC68340 features connections for both synchronous and asynchronous serial communication, making it well-suited for networking tasks. The processor supports a range of bus standards, including address and data buses, which facilitate seamless interaction with peripheral devices.

Another important aspect of the MC68340 is its flexibility. The processor supports multiple operating modes, including multiple CPU configurations and compatibility with the Motorola 68000 family, allowing for easier integration into existing systems.

Moreover, the MC68340 boasts low power consumption compared to many of its contemporaries, making it an excellent choice for battery-operated applications, enhancing its appeal in sectors like telecommunications, industrial control, and automotive systems. Its combination of performance, integration, versatility, and efficiency has secured the MC68340 a reputable position in the annals of embedded systems technology, proving to be a valuable asset for developers and engineers alike.
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