PID Loop Operation, Gnd | Hitachi X200 Series manual

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PID Loop Operation

Inverter Mounting installation

In standard operation, the inverter uses a reference source selected by parameter A001 for the output frequency, which may be a fixed value (F001), a variable set by the front panel potentiometer, or value from an analog input (voltage or current). To enable PID operation, set A071=01. This causes the inverter to calculate the target freq, or setpoint.

A calculated target frequency can have a lot of advantages. It lets the inverter adjust the motor speed to optimize some other process of interest, potentially saving energy as well. Refer to the figure below. The motor acts upon the external process. To control that external process, the inverter must monitor the process variable. This requires wiring a sensor to either the analog input terminal [O] (voltage) or terminal [OI] (current).

Setpoint	Error	PID	Freq.	Inverter	Motor	External
+	Error	PID	Freq.	Inverter	Motor	External
SP		Calculation				Process
PV

Process Variable (PV)	Sensor

When enabled, the PID loop calculates the ideal output frequency to minimize the loop error. This means we no longer command the inverter to run at a particular frequency, but we specify the ideal value for the process variable. That ideal value is called the setpoint, and is specified in the units of the external process variable. For a pump application it may be gallons/minute, or it could be air velocity or temperature for an HVAC unit. Parameter A075 is a scale factor that relates the external process variable units to motor frequency. The figure below is a more detailed diagram of the function.

and

Standard setting

F001

Multi-speed

settings

A020 to A035

Potentiometer on

keypad

V/I input

select

[AT]

L A GND

O

Voltage

OI

Current

Setpoint (Target)

Scale factor	Frequency
Reciprocal	Frequency
Reciprocal	source select		Scale factor
	source select

1	A001		A072		F001
A075
			P gain
			A072		Frequency
					Frequency
	SP	+	I gain	+	setting
		+	A073	+
			A073
Process Variable (Feedback)			D gain
Process Variable (Feedback)			A074
Analog input scaling			A074

A012		Scale factor	Monitor
		Scale factor	Monitor
A011		A075	D004
A015	A013	A014
A076 PID V/I input select

NOTE: You cannot use [O] and [OI] simultaneously. For example, if you select [OI] to setpoint, it is not possible to use [O] as a Process Variable, and vice versa.

Image 195

Hitachi X200 Series instruction manual PID Loop Operation, Gnd

Contents

After read this manual Keep it handy for future reference Hazardous High Voltage Safety Messages General Precautions Read These First Iii Index to Warnings and Cautions in This Manual Page Wiring Cautions for Electrical Practice Vii Powerup Test Caution Messages Viii Page General Warnings and Cautions Inverter Remote Xii Xiii Terminal Tightening Torque and Wire Size Wire ConnectorsXiv Motor Overload Protection Circuit Breaker and Fuse Sizes Table of Contents Xvii Xviii RevisionsRevision History Table Contact Information Xix Getting Started Introduction Main Features Operator Interface Options 040 Inverter Specification Label Model-specific tables for 200V and 400V class inverters X200 Inverter Specifications Derating Curve X200 Inverter Specifications, … 004HFEF 007HFEF 015HFEF 022HFEF 030HFEF 040HFEF −10 General Specifications −11 Signal Ratings Purpose of Motor Speed Control for Industry What is an Inverter−12 Introduction to Variable-Frequency Drives Inverter Input and Three-phase Power −13Torque and Constant Volts/Hertz Operation Inverter Output to the Motor −14 −15 Intelligent Functions and ParametersBraking Velocity Profiles −16 −17 Frequently Asked Questions −18 −19 This Chapter… Orientation to Inverter Features Inverter Mounting Installation Orientation to Inverter Features Main Physical FeaturesUnpacking and Inspection Front Housing Cover Logic Connector Introduction DIP Switch Introduction Power Wiring Access First, ensure no power Inverter Basic System Description Step Activity Step-by-Step Basic Installation Choosing a Mounting Location Keep Debris Out of Inverter Vents Ensure Adequate Ventilation Check Inverter Dimensions X200-005SFEF,007SFEF, -007NFU X200-011SFEF~022SFEF, -015NFU~022NFU, -037LFU X200-004HFEF, -004HFU X200-007HFEF, -007HFU X200-015HFEF~040HFEF, -015HFU~040HFU This page is left intentionally blank… Prepare for Wiring Inverter Model Determining Wire and Fuse SizesSignal Lines Applicable Terminal Dimensions and Torque Specs Wire the Inverter Input to a Supply−20 −21 −22 Wire the Inverter Output to Motor Logic Control Wiring−23 Uncover the Inverter Vents Powerup TestGoals for the Powerup Test −24 Pre-test and Operational Precautions Powering the Inverter−25 Using the Front Panel Keypad Key and Indicator Legend−26 Keys, Modes, and Parameters −27 Keypad Navigation Map −28 Selecting Functions and Editing Parameters −29 −30 −31 −32 −33 −34 Monitoring Parameters with the DisplayRunning the Motor −35 Powerup Test Observations and Summary Configuring 3 Drive Parameters Introduction of Inverter Programming Choosing a Programming Device Using the Keypad Devices Monitor Mode Programming Mode Run Mode Edit Operational ModesControl Algorithms OUT-TM Group Monitoring FunctionsStop IN-TM Lhlhl Trip Event and History Monitoring Local Monitoring During Network Operation DIG-RUN FWD Group Main Profile ParametersACC DEC OPE-Mode Group Standard FunctionsCOM 2F-COM Code Run Command Source A001 Frequency Source Setting Method Refer to page…A002 Run Command Setting Method Refer to page… MAX Basic Parameter SettingsBase 2F-BASE Analog Input Settings EX%E EXSEXE EX%S FRS Multi-speed and Jog Frequency Setting Manual Torque Boost The Constant Torque Control Algorithms 2CTRL TRQ Ctrl TRQ Normal DC braking performance⎯ The DC DC Braking DB Settings DCB T OFFDCB F DCB Lim L 0000.0Hz Frequency-related FunctionsLim H 0000.0Hz 2Lim H 0000.0Hz Jump W1 Jump F1Jump F2 Jump F3 PID Control 00230V AVR ModeAutomatic Voltage Regulation AVR Function AVR AC Energy Savings Mode / Optional Accel/Decel RUN Mode NORECO Adj 0050.0% ACC CHG Second Acceleration and Deceleration Functions2ACC2 2DEC2 2DECCHfr 0000.0Hz ACC CHfr 0000.0Hz2ACCCHfr 0000.0Hz DEC CHfr 0000.0Hz Accel/Decel ACC LineDEC Line Additional Analog Input Settings Calc Smbl Calc Slct1POT Calc Slct2 ADD DIR Plus ST-PNT Potentiometer Settings Automatic Restart Mode Group Fine Tuning Functions Cutoff IPS Powr ALMIPS Trip OFF IPS Retry THM Char CRT Electronic Thermal Overload Alarm SettingTHM LVL 2ETHM LVL Frequency Pull-in Restart Overload Restriction Lock Software Lock ModeMode Input −36 LockMD1 −37 −38 Non Stop Operation at Power OFF −39 −40 Miscellaneous Settings TRP −41 FRS −42 −43 RUN FRS ZSTStop DEC FAN-CTRL OFF −44Panel D001 Ladst LVL B130, B131 Over-voltage LAD Stop Enable−45 Ovladstop OFF −46 DC Bus AVR for deceleration Settings −47 Miscellaneous Settings ~continuation~ RDY-FUNC OFF SUP Mode−48 Cr-DEC Input Terminal Configuration −49Group Intelligent Terminal Functions Intelligent Input Terminal Overview −50 −51 Input Function Summary Table OptionFunction Name Description Anlg −52 RDY −53 OUT-TM RY Output Terminal Configuration−54 FA1 Output Function Summary Table Option −55 −56 LOC LVL LOC Mode CRT−57 Low Load Detection Parameters −58 Output Function Adjustment Parameters −59 −60 Network Communications Settings OI-ADJ Analog Signal Calibration Settings−61 ADJ UP/DWN NO-STR −62Miscellaneous Functions DBG Slct LogicOut2 −63Output Logic and Timing LogicOut1 Dlay RY −64Dlay Hold Group Motor Constants Functions −65 This Chapter… Operations Monitoring Operations and Monitoring Operations and Monitoring Connecting to PLCs and Other Devices Optional Example Wiring Diagram AL2 AL1 AL0 Control Logic Signal Specifications Intelligent Outputs Input Function Summary Table Symbol Code Function NameIntelligent Terminal Listing Intelligent Inputs Using Intelligent Input Terminals Sinking Inputs, Internal Supply Sinking Inputs, External Supply A002 = Forward Run/Stop and Reverse Run/Stop CommandsTerminal Function Name State Description Valid for inputs C001~C005 Multi-Speed Select Function Name State DescriptionValid for inputs −13 Option Terminal Function Name State Description Jogging Command External Signal for DC Braking Option Code Terminal Symbol Function Name State DescriptionA053, A054 Set Second Motor, Special Set Option Terminal Function Name StateNone Two Stage Acceleration and Deceleration Option Terminal Function NameA092, A093, A094=00 Free-run Stop Terminal Function NameB003, B088, C011 to C015 External Trip Unattended Start Protection B031 excluded from lock Software Lock A001 = Analog Input Current/Voltage Select Terminal Function Name State Description Code Reset Inverter Valid for inputs C005 only Thermistor Thermal Protection Three-wire Interface Operation PID ON/OFF and PID Clear Remote Control Up and Down Functions Remote Control Data Clears the Up/Down frequency memory Force Operation from Digital Operator A001, A145, A146 Add Frequency Enable Inverter Ready Force Terminal Mode Safe Stop Required settings Sinking Outputs, Open Collector Using Intelligent Output Terminals Relay shown with inverter power ON, Run Signal OFF Output Signals Output Signal ON/OFF Delay Function Option Terminal Function Name State Description Code Run Signal Frequency Arrival Signals FA2 FM terminal see Analog Output Operation Overload Advance Notice Signal Output Deviation for PID Control Or the relay outputs Alarm Signal Power Run Mode AL0-AL1 AL0-AL2 Analog Input Disconnect Detect PID Second Stage Output Terminal FBV configuration table is on the following Transitions to OFF when the PID Feedback Watchdog time-out period with C077 Network Detection Signal Integrated ModBus Logic Output Function Logical 0 result Set P044=00.00 sec Network Detection Signal FieldBus Option C038, C039 Low Load Detection Signal Analog Input Operation Other Analog Input-related topics Analog Output Operation AM output offset adjustment AM output gain adjustment GND PID Loop Operation Other PID-related topics PID Loop Configuration Configuring the Inverter for Multiple Motors Inverter Configuration for Two Motor TypesSimultaneous Connections Manual torque boost frequency adjustment Inverter System Accessories USA Example calculation Component DescriptionsAC Reactors, Input Side AC Reactors, Output Side Zero-phase Reactor RF Noise Filter EMI FilterRF Noise Filter Capacitive Dynamic Braking DC Link ChokeDynamic Braking Usage Troubleshooting Maintenance Inspection Items TroubleshootingSafety Messages General Precautions and Notes Symptom/condition Probable Cause Solution Troubleshooting Tips Reduces output as needed Monitoring Trip Events, History, & Conditions Fault Detection and ClearingError Codes Error Name Causes Code Error Name Causes Trip Conditions Trip History and Inverter Status Action Display Func./Parameter Restoring Factory Default Settings Monthly and Yearly Inspection Chart Maintenance and Inspection X200 Megger test Capacitor Life Curves Spare parts Pf1 = General Inverter Electrical Measurements −13 Inverter Output Voltage Measurement Techniques Igbt Test Method Warranty Terms Warranty This Appendix… Glossary Bibliography Glossary Temperature EMI Insulated Gate Bipolar TransistorIGBT a semiconductor Free-run Stop NEC PWM Squirrel Cage Torque Bibliography ModBus Network Communications Specifications Connecting the Inverter to ModBus SP SN 03… ModBus network input SettingsFunc Name 03…ModBus network input Slave address Transmission procedureMessage Configuration Query Network Protocol Reference Header and trailer silent interval Error checkData Function code Normal response Message Configuration ResponseResponse when an error occurs Transmission time required No response occurs Field Name Explanation of function codesRead Coil Status 01h Data Read Holding Register 03h X200 D081Frequency Write in Coil 05h 10-11Data Coil Status Write in Holding Register 06h Loopback Test 08h Write in Coils 0Fh Write in Holding Registers 10h Code Description Exception ResponseFunction Code Exception Code Submitting an Enter Command Store New Register Data Enter command ModBus Data Listing ModBus Coil ListList of Coil Numbers Name Description …OFF Res ModBus Holding Registers Output frequency Real-time display of output Description Network Data Code Reg List of Holding Registers Func Acceleration 1 time Standard default acceleration Frequency source Five options select codes 4000 A024 Multi-speed 4 setting Code Reg List of Holding Registers Func Name Description PID enable Enables PID function Acceleration 2 time Duration of 2nd segment OI-L input active Ending point offset for Selection of automatic Select inverter restart method Overload restriction Select the operation mode during Deceleration time Range is 0.01 to Restart mode after Selects how the inverter resumes 10D7h B133 DC bus AVR Two option codes See Input Terminal Configuration Communication Settings on See Output Logic and Timing on Motor capacity …0.20kW Drive Parameter Setting Tables Name Parameter Settings for Keypad EntryGroup Parameters Default Setting Main Profile Parameters Standard Functions Func NameCode Name =10 Appendix Fine Tuning Functions Group ParametersFunc Name =10 Group Parameters Default Setting Intelligent Terminal Functions Expansion Card Functions Motor Constants Functions CE-EMC CE-EMC Installation Guidelines Integrated EMC Filter Installation for X200 series example of Sfef models Hitachi EMC Recommendations Index EMI A-3 Index−2 LEDs 2-26,2-27,2-39,3-3 Line reactor A-5 Index−3 Index−4 Non stop operation at power OFF 3-38 AC reactor Safe stop 2-5 Index−5 Index−6