80C186XL/80C188XL Microprocessor User’s Manual
80C186XL/80C188XL Microprocessor User’s Manual
1995
Intel Corporation Literature Sales P.O. Box
INTRODUCTION
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
CONTENTS
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
CHAPTER
CONTENTS
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
CONTENTS
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
CHAPTER
CHAPTER
CONTENTS
MATH COPROCESSING
ONCE MODE
CONTENTS
CHAPTER
APPENDIX A
CONTENTS
FIGURES
Page
Page
CONTENTS
FIGURES
3-15
Page
CONTENTS
FIGURES
6-11
Page
CONTENTS
FIGURES
10-3
CONTENTS
TABLES
Page
Page
CONTENTS
TABLES
D-20
Example
EXAMPLES
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction
Page
CHAPTER INTRODUCTION
1.1HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
1.2RELATED DOCUMENTS
Table 1-2.Related Documents and Software
1.3.1FaxBack Service
1.3ELECTRONIC SUPPORT SYSTEMS
1.3.2Bulletin Board System BBS
1.3.4World Wide Web
1.3.3CompuServe Forums
1.4TECHNICAL SUPPORT
1.5PRODUCT LITERATURE
1.6TRAINING CLASSES
Page
Overview of the 80C186 Family Architecture
Page
ARCHITECTURE
CHAPTER OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY
2.1ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
2.1.1Execution Unit
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.1.2Bus Interface Unit
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.1.3General Registers
Figure 2-3.General Registers
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.1.4Segment Registers
Table 2-1.Implicit Use of General Registers
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.1.5Instruction Pointer
Figure 2-4.Segment Registers
2.1.6Flags
2.1.7Memory Segmentation
Register Function
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
Reset
2.1.8Logical Addresses
FFFFFH A B D E G J K 0H
Data DS Code CS Stack SS Extra ES
B E H J
C F H
Offset 13H
Physical Address Offset 3H Segment Base Logical
Addresses Segment Base
2C4H 2C3H 2C2H 2C1H 2C0H 2BFH 2BEH 2BDH 2BCH 2BBH
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.1.9Dynamically Relocatable Code
Table 2-2.Logical Address Sources
Before
2.1.10 Stack Implementation
2.1.11 Reserved Memory and I/O Space
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Figure 2-10.Stack Operation
2.2SOFTWARE OVERVIEW
2.2.1Instruction Set
Table 2-3.Data Transfer Instructions
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.2.1.1Data Transfer Instructions
General-Purpose
Figure 2-11.Flag Storage Format
I = Interrupt Enable Flag T = Trap Flag
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.2.1.2Arithmetic Instructions
Addition
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Table 2-4.Arithmetic Instructions
Subtraction
Table 2-6.Bit Manipulation Instructions
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.2.1.3Bit Manipulation Instructions
Bit Pattern
2.2.1.4String Instructions
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Table 2-7.String Instructions
SI DI CX AL/AX DF ZF
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.2.1.5Program Transfer Instructions
Scan value Destination for LODS Source for STOS
Unconditional transfer instructions can transfer control either to a target instruction within the current code segment intrasegment transfer or to a different code segment intersegment trans- fer. The assembler terms an intrasegment transfer SHORT or NEAR and an intersegment trans- fer FAR. The transfer is made unconditionally when the instruction is executed. CALL, RET and JMP are all unconditional transfers
Conditional Transfers
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Table 2-9.Program Transfer Instructions
Unconditional Transfers
Condition Tested
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Mnemonic
“Jump if…”
2.2.1.6Processor Control Instructions
2.2.2Addressing Modes
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Table 2-11.Processor Control Instructions
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
2.2.2.2Memory Addressing Modes
Encoded in the Instruction Explicit in the
Mod R/M
Displacement
Opcode
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Mod R/M
Displacement
Opcode
BX or BP
Displacement
Opcode
Mod R/M
Displacement
Opcode
BX or BP
High Address
Opcode Data
Opcode SI DI
Source EA Destination EA
Port Address Direct Port Addressing
Type
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Table 2-12.Supported Data Types
Description
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Interrupt Control Unit
NMI CPU
Maskable Interrupt Request Interrupt Acknowledge
External Interrupt Sources
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Figure 2-25.Interrupt Vector Table
3.The current CS and IP are pushed onto the stack
Stack PSW
OVERVIEW OF THE 80C186 FAMILY ARCHITECTURE
Divide Error — Type
Single Step — Type
2.3.1.2Maskable Interrupts
Interrupt on Overflow — Type
Numerics Coprocessor Fault — Type
Breakpoint Interrupt — Type
Array Bounds Check — Type
2.3.2Software Interrupts
2.3.3Interrupt Latency
Total
2.3.4Interrupt Response Time
Clocks
2.3.5Interrupt and Exception Priority
Service Routine IRET Execute Divide
Divide Error
Push PSW, CS, IP Fetch Divide Error Vector
Service Routine IRET
NMI Instruction
Push PSW, CS, IP Fetch Divide Error Vector
Service Routine IRET Trap Flag = ???
Trap Flag =
Interrupt Enable Bit IE = Trap Flag TF =
Page
Bus Interface Unit
Page
3.2ADDRESS AND DATA BUS CONCEPTS
CHAPTER BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.1MULTIPLEXED ADDRESS AND DATA BUS
3.2.116-BitData Bus
512 KBytes
1 MByte
512 KBytes
Even Byte Transfer
Odd Byte Transfer
D7:0 A0 Low
A19
D15 8 BHE
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
Second Bus Cycle
First Bus Cycle
3.2.28-BitData Bus
3.3MEMORY AND I/O INTERFACES
A19:0
D7:0
First Bus Cycle
3.3.28-BitBus Memory and I/O Requirements
3.3.116-BitBus Memory and I/O Requirements
3.4BUS CYCLE OPERATION
Falling
Phase
CLKOUT
Rising
Bus Ready
3.4.1Address/Status Phase
or TI
Signals From CPU
3.4.2Data Phase
3.4.3Wait States
or TW
T1 T2 T3 TW TW T4 CLKOUT
Clear Clock
CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4 ALE CLKOUT
Wait State Module Input Input
READY
READY
Wait State Module CS1 Enable CS2
Load
CLKOUT
CLKOUT
3.4.4Idle States
ARDY SRDY
•The instruction prefetch queue is full
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.5BUS CYCLES
3.5.1Read Bus Cycles
Table 3-2. Read Bus Cycle Types
CLKOUT
3.5.2Write Bus Cycles
27C256
27C256
CLKOUT
AD7:0 AD15:8
LA15:1 RD LA0 WR BHE
A0:14 OE I/O1:8 WE CS1 A0:14 OE I/O1:8 WE
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.5.3Interrupt Acknowledge Bus Cycle
Table 3-5.Write Cycle Critical Timing Parameters
T1 T2
CLKOUT ALE S2:0 INTA0 INTA1 AD15:0 AD7:0 LOCK
DT/R DEN A19:16 A15:8 BHE RD, WR
T3 T4
Processor
3.5.4HALT Bus Cycle
CLKOUT
CLKOUT HOLD HLDA AD15:0 AD7:0 A15:8 A19:16
3.5.5Temporarily Exiting the HALT Bus State
CONTROL
RFSH
CLKOUT ALE S2:0 AD15:0 AD7:0 A15:8 A19:16 BHE
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.5.6Exiting HALT
NMI/INTx ALE S2:0 AD15:0 AD7:0 A15:8 A19:16 BHE
3.6SYSTEM DESIGN ALTERNATIVES
CLKOUT
RFSH
3.6.1Buffering the Data Bus
A19:16
3.6.2Synchronizing Software and Hardware Events
3.6.3Using a Locked Bus
Table 3-7.Queue Status Signal Decoding
3.6.4Using the Queue Status Signals
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.7MULTI-MASTERBUS SYSTEM DESIGNS
3.7.1Entering Bus HOLD
Figure 3-33.Queue Status Timing
CLKOUT
BUS INTERFACE UNIT
3.7.1.2Refresh Operation During a Bus HOLD
CLKOUT
PRE DQ CLR
3.7.2Exiting HOLD
+5 HLDA RESET HOLD
Latched HLDA
3.8BUS CYCLE PRIORITIES
9.DMA bus cycles
Page
Peripheral Control Block
Page
4.1PERIPHERAL CONTROL REGISTERS
CHAPTER PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK
4.2PCB RELOCATION REGISTER
Relocates the PCB within memory or I/O space
PCB Relocation Register
RELREG
Register Name
Function
PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK
Table 4-1.Peripheral Control Block
Function
4.3RESERVED LOCATIONS
4.4ACCESSING THE PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK
4.4.2READY Signals and Wait States
4.4.1Bus Cycles
address
4.4.3F-BusOperation
Word reads
Byte reads
4.4.3.3Accessing Reserved Locations
4.5SETTING THE PCB BASE LOCATION
4.4.3.2Accessing the Peripheral Control Registers
PERIPHERAL CONTROL BLOCK
Page
Page
Clock Generation and Power Management
Page
5.1CLOCK GENERATION
CHAPTER CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
5.1.1Crystal Oscillator
180˚
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
Z0 = Inverter Output Z
5.1.1.1Oscillator Operation
Fundamental
CLKOUT
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
Figure 5-4.Equations for Crystal Calculations
Third-OvertoneCrystal
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
5.1.1.2Selecting Crystals
5.1.4Reset and Clock Synchronization
5.1.2Using an External Oscillator
5.1.3Output from the Clock Generator
Figure 5-5.Simple RC Circuit for Powerup Reset
RESET IN 1µf typical
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
50 k typical
Figure 5-6.Cold Reset Waveform
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
RESET
X1 Vcc
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
Figure 5-7.Warm Reset Waveform
5.2POWER MANAGEMENT
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
5.2.1Power-SaveMode
5.2.1.1Entering Power-SaveMode
Enables and sets clock division factor 0 F F 1
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
Power Save Register PWRSAV
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
Figure 5-10. Power-SaveClock Transition
CLKOUT WR
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
5.2.1.2Leaving Power-SaveMode
CLOCK GENERATION AND POWER MANAGEMENT
Chip-SelectUnit
Page
CHAPTER CHIP-SELECTUNIT
6.2CHIP-SELECTUNIT FEATURES AND BENEFITS
6.1COMMON METHODS FOR GENERATING CHIP-SELECTS
Chip-SelectsUsing
6.3CHIP-SELECTUNIT FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Chip-SelectsUsing
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Internal
device EPROM or Flash memory types
1.The chip-selectis enabled
6.4PROGRAMMING
6.4.1Initialization Sequence
Register Function
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Register Function
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Register Function
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Register Function
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
MPCS
Register Mnemonic
Figure 6-9.MPCS Register Definition
6.4.2Programming the Active Ranges
6.4.2.3MCS Active Range
Table 6.3 LCS Active Range
CHIP-SELECTUNIT 6.4.2.2LCS Active Range
Table 6-4.MCS Active Range
Starting Address
CHIP-SELECTUNIT 6.4.2.4PCS Active Range
6.4.3Bus Wait State and Ready Control
Table 6-6.PCS Active Range
Wait State Value R1:0 State Counter
6.4.4Overlapping Chip-Selects
BUS READY R2 Control Bit Wait
READY Wait State Ready
6.4.5Memory or I/O Bus Cycle Decoding
6.4.6Programming Considerations
External Master Chip Select
6.6.1Example 1: Typical System Configuration
CSU Chip Select Device select
6.5CHIP-SELECTSAND BUS HOLD
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Figure 6-13.Typical System
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Example 6-1.Initializing the Chip-SelectUnit
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
CHIP-SELECTUNIT
Place memory variables here
Refresh Control Unit
Page
CHAPTER REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
7.2REFRESH CONTROL UNIT CAPABILITIES
7.1THE ROLE OF THE REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
7.3REFRESH CONTROL UNIT OPERATION
Refresh Control Unit Operation Set E Bit
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
7.4REFRESH ADDRESSES
Figure 7-3.Refresh Address Formation
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
7.5REFRESH BUS CYCLES
7.6GUIDELINES FOR DESIGNING DRAM CONTROLLERS
Table 7-1.Identification of Refresh Bus Cycles
T3/TW
7.7.2Refresh Control Unit Registers
7.7PROGRAMMING THE REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
7.7.1Calculating the Refresh Interval
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
Register Name:Refresh Base Address Register
RFBASE
Register Mnemonic
Sets refresh rate
Refresh Clock Interval Register
RFTIME
Register Name
Refresh Control Register RFCON
7.7.3Programming Example
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
Controls Refresh Unit operation
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
Example 7-1.Initializing the Refresh Control Unit
7.8REFRESH OPERATION AND BUS HOLD
REFRESH CONTROL UNIT
CLKOUT
Page
Interrupt Control Unit
Page
CHAPTER INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
8.1FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
8.2MASTER MODE
8.2.1Generic Functions in Master Mode
8.2.1.2Interrupt Priority
Table 8-1.Default Interrupt Priorities
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT 8.2.1.1Interrupt Masking
Interrupt Name
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
8.2.1.3Interrupt Nesting
8.3FUNCTIONAL OPERATION IN MASTER MODE
8.3.2Priority Resolution
8.3.1Typical Interrupt Sequence
•the Interrupt Control Unit has been initialized
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
8.3.3Cascading with External 8259As
8.3.2.2Interrupts That Share a Single Source
INT0
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
8.3.4Interrupt Acknowledge Sequence
8.3.5Polling
Table 8-2.Fixed Interrupt Types
8.3.6Edge and Level Triggering
8.3.7Additional Latency and Response Time
8.4PROGRAMMING THE INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
8.4.1Interrupt Control Registers
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
Register Mnemonic: TCUCON, DMA0CON, DMA1CON
I2CON, I3CON
Register Mnemonic
Register Mnemonic
I0CON, I1CON
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
REQST
8.4.2Interrupt Request Register
Interrupt Request Register
Stores pending interrupt requests
Masks individual interrupt sources
Interrupt Mask Register
IMASK
8.4.4Priority Mask Register
Priority Mask Register
8.4.5In-ServiceRegister
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
Register Name
8.4.6Poll and Poll Status Registers
Figure 8-10. In-ServiceRegister
Register Mnemonic
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
Poll Register POLL
Figure 8-11.Poll Register
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
8.4.7End-of-InterruptEOI Register
Read to check for pending interrupts when polling
Poll Status Register POLLSTS
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
8.4.8Interrupt Status Register
Used to issue an EOI command
End-of-InterruptRegister EOI
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
8.5SLAVE MODE
Interrupt Status Register INTSTS
82C59A
INT0 INTA 80186 Modular Core Select IRQ
8259A
INTA
8.5.1Slave Mode Programming
8.5.1.1Interrupt Vector Register
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
Table 8-5.Slave Mode Fixed Interrupt Type Bits
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
INTVEC
Register Mnemonic
8.5.1.2End-Of-InterruptRegister
End-of-InterruptRegister in Slave Mode
Used to issue the EOI command
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
8.5.2Interrupt Vectoring in Slave Mode
Interrupt presented to Interrupt Control Unit
INTERRUPT CONTROL UNIT
Page
Timer/Counter Unit
Page
CHAPTER TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
9.1FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
T0 In
T0IN
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
T1IN T0OUT T1OUT
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Figure 9-3.Timers 0 and 1 Flow Chart
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Figure 9-3.Timers 0 and 1 Flow Chart Continued
Maxcount B
9.2PROGRAMMING THE TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Maxcount A
Dual Maximum Count Mode
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Timer 0 and 1 Control Registers T0CON, T1CON
Defines Timer 0 and 1 operation
Figure 9-5.Timer 0 and Timer 1 Control Registers
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Register Name Register Mnemonic Register Function
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Timer 2 Control Register T2CON
Defines Timer 2 operation
Figure 9-6.Timer 2 Control Register
T0CNT, T1CNT, T2CNT
Timer Count Register
Contains the current timer count
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
9.2.1Initialization Sequence
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
9.2.2Clock Sources
9.2.3Counting Modes
Table 9-1.Timer 0 and 1 Clock Sources
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
9.2.3.1Retriggering
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
9.2.4Pulsed and Variable Duty Cycle Output
Table 9-2.Timer Retriggering
Internal Count Value
9.2.5Enabling/Disabling Counters
Timer Serviced 1
Maxcount -
9.2.7Programming Considerations
9.2.6Timer Interrupts
9.3.1Input Setup and Hold Timings
9.3TIMING
9.3.4Square-WaveGenerator
9.3.2Synchronization and Maximum Frequency
9.3.3Real-TimeClock
9.3.5Digital One-Shot
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Example 9-1.Configuring a Real-TimeClock
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
enable interrupts
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Example 9-2.Configuring a Square-WaveGenerator
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Example 9-3.Configuring a Digital One-Shot
TIMER/COUNTER UNIT
Page
Direct Memory Access Unit
Page
10.1 FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
CHAPTER DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
10.1.1 The DMA Transfer
Fetch
10.1.2 Source and Destination Pointers
10.1.3 DMA Requests
10.1.4 External Requests
Fetch Cycle
10.1.5.1Timer 2-InitiatedTransfers
10.1.5 Internal Requests
10.1.7.1Termination at Terminal Count
10.1.6 DMA Transfer Counts
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
10.1.7.2Software Termination
10.1.9 DMA Cycles and the BIU
10.1.8 DMA Unit Interrupts
10.1.10 The Two-ChannelDMA Unit
Module
10.2 PROGRAMMING THE DMA UNIT
10.2.1 DMA Channel Parameters
Register Name:DMA Source Address Pointer High
DxSRCH
Register Mnemonic
Register Name:DMA Source Address Pointer Low
DxSRCL
Register Mnemonic
DxDSTH
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Register Mnemonic
Register Function
Register Name:DMA Destination Address Pointer Low
DxDSTL
Register Mnemonic
Controls DMA channel parameters
DMA Control Register
DxCON
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
DMA Control Register
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Register Name
Register Mnemonic
Register Mnemonic
Register Name
DMA Control Register
DxCON
10.2.1.5Selecting Channel Synchronization
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
10.2.1.4Arming the DMA Channel
10.2.1.6Programming the Transfer Count Options
Contains the DMA channel’s transfer count
DMA Transfer Count
DxTC
Register Name
10.3 HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS AND THE DMA UNIT
10.2.2 Suspension of DMA Transfers
10.2.3 Initializing the DMA Unit
10.3.1 DRQ Pin Timing Requirements
10.3.2 DMA Latency
10.3.3 DMA Transfer Rates
10.3.4 Generating a DMA Acknowledge
10.4 DMA UNIT EXAMPLES
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Example 10-1.Initializing the DMA Unit
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Example 10-1.Initializing the DMA Unit Continued
Example 10-1.Initializing the DMA Unit Continued
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
SECTORS
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Example 10-2.Timed DMA Transfers
DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS UNIT
Example 10-2.Timed DMA Transfers Continued
Page
Math Coprocessing
Page
11.1 OVERVIEW OF MATH COPROCESSING
CHAPTER MATH COPROCESSING
11.2 AVAILABILITY OF MATH COPROCESSING
11.3 THE 80C187 MATH COPROCESSOR
11.3.1 80C187 Instruction Set
•the 80C187 uses register or memory operands
Addition
MATH COPROCESSING
Table 11-2.80C187 Arithmetic Instructions
Division
11.3.1.4Transcendental Instructions
MATH COPROCESSING 11.3.1.3Comparison Instructions
Table 11-3.80C187 Comparison Instructions
Table 11-4.80C187 Transcendental Instructions
11.3.1.6Processor Control Instructions
MATH COPROCESSING 11.3.1.5Constant Instructions
Table 11-5.80C187 Constant Instructions
Table 11-6.80C187 Processor Control Instructions
11.3.2 80C187 Data Types
11.4 MICROPROCESSOR AND COPROCESSOR OPERATION
MATH COPROCESSING
Figure 11-1. 80C187-SupportedData Types
Modular
MATH COPROCESSING
80C187
Core
MATH COPROCESSING
11.4.2 Processor Bus Cycles Accessing the 80C187
11.4.1 Clocking the 80C187
Table 11-7.80C187 I/O Port Assignments
11.4.3 System Design Tips
Modular
MATH COPROCESSING
80C187
Core
11.4.4 Exception Trapping
11.5 EXAMPLE MATH COPROCESSOR ROUTINES
Modular Core
MATH COPROCESSING
80C186
80C187
MATH COPROCESSING
MATH COPROCESSING
ONCE Mode
Page
CHAPTER ONCE MODE
12.1 ENTERING/LEAVING ONCE MODE
Figure 12-1.Entering/Leaving ONCE Mode
bidirectional weakly held pins except OSCOUT
ONCE MODE
All output
80C186 Instruction Set Additions and Extensions
Page
A.1.1 Data Transfer Instructions
A.1 80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ADDITIONS
PUSHA/POPA
OUTS port, destination_string
A.1.2 String Instructions
INS source_string, port
A.1.3 High-LevelInstructions
1.Main has variables at fixed locations
80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ADDITIONS AND EXTENSIONS
Figure A-2.Variable Access in Nested Procedures
Figure A-3.Stack Frame for Main at Level
80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ADDITIONS AND EXTENSIONS
BPA = BP Value for Procedure A
Figure A-4.Stack Frame for Procedure A at Level
BP SP
Old BP BPM BPM BPM BPA BPA BPM BPA BPB
80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ADDITIONS AND EXTENSIONS
BP SP
Display B Dynamic Storage B
LEAVE
80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ADDITIONS AND EXTENSIONS
A.2.1 Data Transfer Instructions
BOUND register, address
A.2 80C186 INSTRUCTION SET ENHANCEMENTS
PUSH data
A.2.3 Bit Manipulation Instructions
A.2.2 Arithmetic Instructions
IMUL destination, source, data
SAL destination, count
RCL destination, count
ROL destination, count
ROR destination, count
RCR destination, count
Input Synchronization
Page
B.1 WHY SYNCHRONIZERS ARE REQUIRED
APPENDIX B INPUT SYNCHRONIZATION
B.2 ASYNCHRONOUS PINS
Instruction Set Descriptions
Page
APPENDIX C INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-1.Instruction Format Variables
Operand
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-2.Instruction Operands
Description
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-3.Flag Bit Functions
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
ADC dest, src
Name
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Description
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Call Procedure
CALL procedure-name
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Clear Interrupt-enableFlag
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Name
C-10
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-11
C-12
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
When Source Operand is a Byte
When Source Operand is a Word
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Procedure Entry
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-14
C-15
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
When Source Operand is a Byte
When Source Operand is a Word
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
C-17
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
IN accum, port
C-18
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-19
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-20
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JA disp8
JAE disp8
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JNB disp8
JE disp8
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JZ disp8
JL disp8
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JGE disp8
JNE disp8
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JNZ disp8
JO disp8
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
JP disp8
C-26
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
LDS dest, src
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Load Pointer Using ES
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-27
C-28
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
LODS src-string
C-29
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
MOV dest, src
C-30
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
MOVS dest-string, src-string
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-31
C-32
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-33
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-34
C-35
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-36
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
C-37
C-38
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-39
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
SHL dest, count
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
SAL dest, count
C-41
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
When Source Operand is a Byte
When Source Operand is a Word
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
C-43
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
SHR dest, src
C-44
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
STOS dest-string
C-45
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-46
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
C-47
INSTRUCTION SET DESCRIPTIONS
Table C-4.Instruction Set Continued
Name
Page
Instruction Set Opcodes and Clock Cycles
Page
AND CLOCK CYCLES
APPENDIX D INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES
Table D-1.Operand Variables
Function
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary
Format
DATA TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS Continued
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS Continued
ARITHMETIC INSTRUCTIONS Continued
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
BIT MANIPULATION INSTRUCTIONS
BIT MANIPULATION INSTRUCTIONS Continued
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
Shifts/Rotates
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
PROGRAM TRANSFER INSTRUCTIONS Continued
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
Iteration Control
Table D-3.Machine Instruction Decoding Guide
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-2.Instruction Set Summary Continued
Byte
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
Byte
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Byte
Bytes 3–6
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Table D-4.Mnemonic Encoding Matrix Left Half
Table D-4.Mnemonic Encoding Matrix Right Half
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
D-21
Definition
INSTRUCTION SET OPCODES AND CLOCK CYCLES
Abbr
Abbr
Index
Page
INDEX
ARDY, See READY Arithmetic
Crystal‚ See Oscillator
INDEX
Data bus, See Address and data bus
See also Refresh Control Unit
INDEX
See also Bus cycles
Index-3
Index-4
INDEX
interrupt
INDEX
Index-5
INDEX
Index-6
INDEX
Timers‚ See Timer Counter Unit TCU
Index-7
INDEX
Index-8
