Korg Electric Keyboard manual 103, Norm./Level Adj. Normalize/Level Adjust, Volume Ramp

Norm./Level Adj. (Normalize/Level Adjust)

This command uniformly modifies the data values (volume) of the data between the “S (Edit Range Start)” and “E (Edit Range End).” “Normalize” will amplify the level of the sam- ple data as far as possible without allowing it to clip (dis- tort). If the level of the sampled data is too low, you can execute this command to increase the dynamic range. “Level” allows you to raise or lower the level as desired.

Normalize

Level Adjust –6dB

1Use “SMPL” (2.1–1a) to select the sample that you wish to edit, and use “S (Edit Range Start)” and “E (Edit Range End)” (2.1–2b) to specify the editing range.

You can press the [START/STOP] key to hear the por- tion that will be normalized or level-adjusted.

2Select “Norm./Level Adj.” to open the following dialog box.

3The range to be edited is shown by Range “Start” and “End.”

4If you check “Normalize” and execute, the data will be normalized. In this case, the “Level” setting will be ignored.

If you wish to specify “Level” to modify the level of the sample data, do not check “Normalize.”

Each increase of +6 dB will approximately double the height of the waveform shown in the LCD. +12 dB will be an increase of approximately 4X, and +18 dB will be approximately 8X. Conversely, each decrease of –6 dB will halve the level, so that –6 dB will be 1/2X and –12 dB will be approximately 1/4X. Executing the “Level” command with positive (+) settings may cause the sound to clip (i.e., distort at the point that amplification beyond the maximum level is impossible). Once the sample data has been boosted beyond the clipping point, re-executing this command with negative (–) set- tings of “Level” will simply lower the overall level of the clipped signal –the waveform will remain distorted.

Also, if executing “Level” with negative (–) settings causes any portion of the sample data to reach a zero level, the zero data will not return to its original state even if you re-execute “Level” with positive (+) set- tings.

5In “Save to No.,” specify the save destination sample number. By default, an unused sample number will be selected. If you have checked “Overwrite,” this cannot be set.

For a stereo sample, “Save to No.(L)” and “(R)” will be displayed. Specify the save destination sample number for the L channel and R channel respectively.

6If you wish to delete the original sample data and over- write it with the edited sample data, check “Overwrite”. Normally, you will leave “Save to No.” at its default set-

ting, and execute without checking “Overwrite.” (☞ p.99 “*1: About “Overwrite””)

7To execute the Normalize/Level Adjust command, press the [F8] (“OK”) key. To cancel, press the [F7] (“Cancel”) key.

Be aware that if sample data of an extremely low level is normalized, any noise included in the sample will also be amplified.

Volume Ramp

This command modifies the data values (volume) between the “S (Edit Range Start)” and “E (Edit Range End).” You can make the volume gradually increase (Fade In) or decrease (Fade Out) from the “S (Edit Range Start)” to the “E (Edit Range End).”

Fade In

Fade Out

1Use “SMPL” (2.1–1a) to select the sample that you wish to edit, and use “S (Edit Range Start)” and “E (Edit Range End)” (2.1–2b) to specify the editing range.

You can press the [START/STOP] key to hear the por- tion on which “Volume Ramp” will be executed.

2Select “Volume Ramp” to open the following dialog box.

3The range to be edited is shown by Range “Start” and “End.”

4Use “Fade” to select the type of volume ramp.

In: The volume will be zero at Range “Start,” and will gradually increase toward the “End” volume.

Out: The volume will gradually decrease from the Range “Start” volume, and will reach zero at the “End” volume.

5In “Curve,” specify the way in which the volume will change.

Linear: The volume will change linearly. For normal fade-in or fade-out, select Linear.

Power: The volume will change non-linearly. When you use “Mix” (2.1–2e) to combine a faded-in waveform with a different faded-out waveform (i.e., crossfade), using a Linear fade-in/out may produce an impression that the volume has dropped in the middle of the curve. In such cases, use Power to perform the fade-in/out.

6In “Save to No.,” specify the save destination sample number. By default, an unused sample number will be selected. If you have checked “Overwrite,” this cannot be set.

For a stereo sample, “Save to No.(L)” and “(R)” will be displayed. Specify the save destination sample number for the L channel and R channel respectively.

7.1 5.2 5.1 4.1 3.1 2.1 1.1 SMPL

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