DoS

Denial of Service. Interruptions to internet service caused by a DoS attack.

DoS attack

An attack against a Web site, a network, a system, or other service provider intended to disrupt

 

its ability to provide services to its users. Software that performs a DoS attack (DoS software )

 

overloads the service provider with requests for service until its capacity to respond to new service

 

requests is exceeded. Legitimate requests for service cannot access to the service until the attack

 

is stopped. See also Distributed DoS attack.

DoS software

Denial of Service software used by attackers to control and initiate DoS attacks against other

 

systems and networks, either within your administrative domain, outside it, or over the Internet.

 

Also called Intrusion software.

Egress filtering

Filtering software that prevents IP packets with randomly generated source addresses from exiting

 

your system or network, when one of your systems has been compromised and when the system

 

is being used to perpetrate an attack against other systems. See also Ingress filtering.

File Transfer

See FTP.

Protocol

 

Firewall

Hardware and software that lies between two networks, such as an internal network and an

 

Internet service provider. The firewall protects your network by blocking unwanted users from

 

gaining access and by disallowing messages to specific recipients outside the network.

FQDN

See fully qualified domain name.

FTP

File Transfer Protocol. A client/server protocol that lets a user on one computer transfer files to

 

and from another computer over a TCP/IP network.

fully qualified

The full name of a system, consisting of its local host name and its domain name. A fully qualified

domain name

domain name is usually precise enough to determine an Internet address for any host on the

 

Internet.

HTTP

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The protocol that is used between a Web browser and a server to

 

request a document and transfer its contents. The specification is maintained and developed by

 

the World Wide Web Consortium. See also HTTPS

HTTPS

Ordinary http exchanged over a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) encrypted session. See also SSL.

IMAP

Internet Message Access Protocol. A method of accessing e-mail or bulletin board messages kept

 

on a (possibly shared) mail server. IMAP permits an e-mail client program to access remote

 

messages as if they were local.

Ingress filtering

Filtering software that removes IP packets with untrusted source addresses before they have a

 

chance to enter and affect your system or network. See also Egress filtering.

Intrusion software

See DoS software.

LDAP

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. An Internet standard protocol that runs over TCP/IP and

 

can be used to provide a standalone directory service or to provide lightweight access to the

 

X.500 directory.

LDAP entry

A collection of attribute and value pairs stored on an LDAP server that describe something of

 

interest; for example, a person, a company, or a printer. LDAP entries can be organized as a

 

hierarchical tree of objects. The full set of attributes for an entry in the tree is defined through

 

object-oriented inheritance of attributes from parent entries.

Lynx Web Browser

A World Wide Web browser developed at the University of Kansas and used on

 

cursor-addressable, character-cell terminals or terminal emulators on UNIX or OpenVMS systems.

Mail Exchange

See MX record.

Record

 

MIME

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. A standard for multipart, multimedia e-mail messages and

 

World Wide Web hypertext documents on the Internet. MIME provides the ability to transfer

 

nontextual data such as graphics, audio, and FAX.

Multipurpose

See MIME.

Internet Mail

 

Extensions

 

MX record

Mail Exchange Record. A Domain Name System (DNS) resource record type, indicating which

 

host can handle electronic mail for a particular domain.

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