Appendix C Cyanide Waste Treatment | Honeywell UDA2182 instruction

Appendices

15.4 Appendix C - Cyanide Waste Treatment

Introduction

Uses of cyanide solutions

Cyanide solutions are used in plating baths for zinc, cadmium, copper, brass, silver and gold. The toxic rinse waters and dumps from these operations require destruction of the cyanide (typically to a level below 0.1 ppm) before its discharge.

Technique for cyanide destruction

The technique most often used for cyanide destruction is a one or two-stage chemical treatment process. The first stage raises the pH and oxidizes the cyanide to less toxic cyanate. When required, the second stage neutralizes and further oxidizes the cyanide to harmless carbonate and nitrogen. The neutralization also allows the metals to be precipitated and separated from the effluent.

Consistent treatment and stable control in this type of process requires well-mixed reaction tanks with enough volume for adequate retention time. See Figure 15-3. Retention time is calculated by dividing the filled or usable tank volume by the waste flowrate. Typically it is 10 minutes or more.

CAUSTIC

HYPOCHLORITE

ON/OFF

ORP

CYANIDE

WASTE

ON/OFF

pH

PROPORTIONAL RECORDER

ACID

ON/OFF

pH ANALYZER

HYPOCHLORITE CONTROLLER

ORP

NOTE: The separate pH and ORP measurements and control shown in the first stage may be handled with a single UDA2182 Analyzer with combined input.

CYANIDE TO CYANATE	CYANATE TO CARBONATE	SETTLING	SLUDGE
	AND NEUTRALIZATION

Figure 15-3 Cyanide Treatment System

204

UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual

January 2009

Image 216

Honeywell UDA2182 manual Appendix C Cyanide Waste Treatment, Uses of cyanide solutions, Technique for cyanide destruction

Contents

UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual January WARRANTY/REMEDY Copyright 2008 by Honeywell Revision January Abstract ContactsWorld Wide Web Telephone Symbol Definitions Symbol Definition Contents 100 114 136 178 185189 191 239 Tables Figures Resetting ORP Offset Introduction Overview Outputs RelaysInfrared Communications Communications Card Optional Features Password protection Auto Clean/Auto CalDiagnostic/Failsafe Outputs High Noise Immunity Specifications SpecificationsUDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Resistive Load Rating 4A, 120/240 Vac CE Conformity Europe Declaration of Conformity Specifications Unpacking, Preparation, and Mounting IntroductionWhat’s in this section? Procedure Procedure for Unpacking and Preparing the UDA2182 Unpacking and PreparingMounting Step Action Panel Mounting Dimensions Panel Cutout Rear Panel Support Plate Dimensions Pipe Mounting Dimensions not to scale Pipe Mounting Wall Mounting Dimensions Wall Mounting Dimensions not to scale Power Wiring General Wiring Practices Safety precautionWiring for immunity compliance Avoid damage to components Power Wiring Considerations Installing Power Wiring Disengage from the terminal boards Power Wiring Operating the Analyzer Analyzer Overview UDA2182 Operator Interface all display items shown Key Navigation Function of KeysKey Function Displays Overview Online Functions Display Details Functions Process VariableValues Status Messages Input Displays Two Input Display PID Displays OverviewSelecting Control Display To access the PID Parameters. You will see To access the value or selection of eachChanging Parameters on the PID Display Changing PID Parameters on the Display Access to Auto Cycle Displays Auto Cycle Displays How it works Displays Hold Active Probe TransitCycle Start Src Cycle Interval To access the Auto Cycle Operator Panel. You will see Manual Starting/Stopping the Auto CycleManually Starting/Stopping the Auto Cycle Output Hold State Enabled Auto Cycle FailStep AC n Extract Rinse Cal Condition Pharmacopoeia Test Procedure Pharma Display Access to Pharma Display Pharma Display screen example Displays Selecting the Pharma Test on Display To select Test µS/cm After Stage 2 is selectedTo select Test pH After Stage 3 is selected Pharma Warning and Fail Signal Cation Calc Display UDA for Cation and Degassed CO2 How it works PH Calculation from Specific and Cation Conductivity Setup Degassed CO2 Access to Cation Display Calibration5 CO2 by Degassed Conductivity Troubleshooting Check pH Electrode System Access to Status Displays PID Alarm10Status Display Status Display Details Input Status OutputLevels Relay States Output of the Switch and Function Generator blocks Aux ValuesVariables Comm Status Configured Status Parameter Status Definition Display Read OnlyMACaddr Hi and MACaddr Low is the MAC address Auto Cycling Available only if both units of measure between Access to Event History Displays Setup Chg 04.19 Alarm 1 On 03.15 Hold On Power On 03.09Event History Press Until you see Clear Event History Features 12Process Instrument Explorer Software Infrared communications Modbus Communications SummarySerial port provides Ethernet port provides Configuration UDA2182 Block Diagram UDA2182 Block Diagram Main Setup Menu Accessing the Main MenuSetup Group Overview Configuration Basic Configuration Procedure General Rules for Editing Basic Configuration Procedure Enter Exit Analog and Digital Signal Sources Signal SourcesSignal Type Applies Source to Selections Analog Signal Sources Analog Signal Description Definition Digital Signal Sources Digital Signal Description Definition Out 2 Fault DgtlVar Inputs Configuration Accessing Inputs MenuInput Configuration Default = 77ºF Default = 25ºCNone default Default = Sub-menu Parameter Following important differences8550 Ω Therm Default to Cell Const Cell Const 0 NIST-default + ISO-Default +Cond Cond mS/m Selection Range Setting Only PV Type 000default NaCl default H2SO4 Default = None Default 10.000Pharma Timer begins to count down from Configured minutes value set here. When the Timer Input Do Concen Oxygen do concentration or percent saturation5000Ω Therm Manual Default = 20.000 Outputs Configuration Accessing Outputs MenuOutputs Configuration Parameters in engineering units Parameters in % Relays Configuration Overview Accessing Relays Menu Relays Configuration Frequency ON/OFF Pulse Output Alarms Configuration Range Switch using Math, Monitor, and Switch Blocks Accessing Alarms Menu Alarms ConfigurationHigh default 10Monitors Configuration Accessing Monitors MenuMonitors Configuration For Low Monitor 11Math Configuration Accessing Math Menu 10 Math Configuration Linear default Logic Configuration Accessing Logic Menu 11 Logic Configuration Latch Auxiliary Configuration SwitchFunc Gen Function Generator Accessing Auxiliary Menu 12 Auxiliary ConfigurationSub-menu Parameter Selection or Range of Setting 99999 to 999999 Default= PID Control Configuration PID Tracking versus Manual ModeUsing Auto/Manual Switch PID Tracking Configuration Accessing Control Menu PIDn Config TablePIDnAlarms Table 13 PID Configuration Pida default Reverse defaultManualdefault Failsafe default Enable default 9999 to 14 PID Tuning PID 2 Tune Disable default 15 PID Alarms No Alarm defaultPID 2 Alarms Same as Alarm 1 Setpoint 1 Type Setpoint No Alarm default Auto Cycling Configuration Accessing Auto Cycle MenuAuto Cycle 1 or Auto Cycle Input Board Type Auto Cycle Operation Auto Cycling Configuration 16 Auto Cycling Configuration Offdefault To 28 default = Default = Sunday To 31 default =To 59 default = To 100default = PH Auto Cycling Configuration Example 17 Example Auto Cycling Configuration for pHSelection Setting Resume Dly Mins Enable Resume Dly Mins Variables Configuration Accessing Variables Menu18 Variables Configuration Analog 17Communication Configuration Accessing Communication Menu19 Communication Configuration Ethernet Status display Maintenance Configuration Accessing Maintenance Menu20 Maintenance Configuration Loops default No defaultUnit Identification Option ID Number Nist default AWG defaultFeet default ISO/NIST factor Default Honeywell Default UDA2182 Hour default AM defaultOff default Tag Names Output action occurs when the Enter key is Inputs and Outputs Wiring Immunity compliance Recommended maximum wire size Recommended Maximum Wire Size Shielded wiring for locations with interferenceAvoiding interference References Accessing the terminals Inputs and Outputs Wiring terminals and board location Wiring Terminals and board Location Procedure Procedure for installing Input and Output wiring Direct pH/ORP Input Wiring Diagrams Durafet Durafet Glass Meredian Terminal Designations for Meredian II Electrode ORP HPW7000 Terminal Designations for HPW7000 System HB Series pH or ORP Terminal Designations for HB Series pH or ORP Glass Meredian External Preamp1 BlueGreen Black RTH 3rd Wire Durafet II External Preamp+ 10 Volt Supply Durafet II Cap Adapter Durafet III Cap Adapter Conductivity Brown Blue Dissolved Oxygen Ground screw Wire to chassis Cable shield VioletTo chassis ground screw Clear Yellow Communications Card RJ45 Ethernet Connection RS 485 Connection Power Supply/Analog Output/Relay Output Card Outputs Option Card 20 Terminal Designations for Option Board Input Calibration Accessing the Main Calibration Menu and sub-menus Calibration MenuInput PV Cal Input Temp Cal Output Cal Cal History PH/ORP and Conductivity Overview PH/ORP CalibrationConductivity Recommendations for Successful Measurement and Calibration Selection and care of electrode system or cell essential Using the restart screen PH Calibration Calibrating pH Electrodes Using Automatic Buffer recognition Calibration functions Standard pH Buffer Values NIST/USP default Step Action ScreenPress Use To select Input PV Cal Enter Press Enter when stable Step Action Screen Press EnterAuto Buffer Cal Place probe in Buffer Buffering Method of Calibrating pH Electrodes Buffer 2 stability check Procedure for Buffering Method of Calibrating pH Electrodes Step Action Screen PressInput PV Cal Enter Buffer Cal Press Enter when stable Procedure for Sample Method of Calibrating pH Electrodes Sample Method of Calibrating pH Electrodes Sample Cal Place probe in SampleSpecial instructions for high-purity water applications Change to Sample Value Resetting pH Offset and pH Slope ORP Calibration Using Reference Solution ORP Calibration Procedure This will standardize the unit ORP Calibration Using Voltage Input Procedure for Calibrating ORP Analyzer Using Voltage Input Press Viewing and Resetting ORP Offset Reset ORP OffsetSample Cal ORP Offset Conductivity Calibration Entering the Cal Factor for each cell Introduction Determining TDS conversion factor Out-of range-values forced to closest limit Performing Calibration Trim Introduction Conductivity of Potassium Chloride Solutions at 25 C Concentration M Conductivity microSiemens Per cm Error Messages Resetting Calibration Trim Sample Cal Cal Trim1.00 10 Procedure for Sample Method of Calibrating Cation pH Cation pH CalibrationInput PV Cal Enter Press Cation pH Cal Complete To recalibrate, press EnterEnter = recal, Exit = exit Resetting pH Offset Sample Cal PH Offset0.00 Dissolved Oxygen Calibration Do’s and Don’ts for Dissolved Oxygen Calibration Use To select Input 1 or 2 do Cal Enter Air Cal Press Enter when ready Enter Place probe in airEnter Cal stability check Wait for cal complete January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 169 Enter to save when the value Exit to cancelEnter Place probe in sample Calibrating the Integral Pressure Sensor Introduction 13 Calibrating the Integral Pressure SensorPressure Cal Running a Probe Bias Scan Introduction Test initiationPressure Sensor Cal Display Graph 55V 80μA 240 160 ΜA 00 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8Interpretation of figure shown above is as follows Procedure 14 Running a Probe Bias Scan January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 175 176 Resetting Pressure Offset or Bias Volts IN1 do CAL Outputs Calibration Output Calibration Required equipment 180 Procedure Procedure for Calibrating Analyzer Outputs Use To select An Analog Output to be Calibrated Enter Step Action Screen Use To select MA Offset and repeatProcess Case Viewing and resetting 20mA and 4mA Offset Resetting Output 1 Offsets example Temperature Input Calibration 10.1Overview Temperature Input Calibration Procedure Procedure for Calibrating the Temperature InputsInput Temp Cal Enter Limit is ± 5ºC ± 9ºF Viewing and resetting Temperature Offset Resetting temperature offset Calibration History Overview Calibration Records Cal History items Clear Calibration History Diagnostics and Messages 12.1Overview Measurement Errors System Status MessagesStatus Messages = 1 or Calibration Diagnostics Probe Calibration DiagnosticsPH/ORP/DO Auto Cycle Fail Messages Auto Cycle Fail MessagesFail Message Reason 12.5Pharma Fail Messages Pharma Fail MessagesFail Condition Status Condition Ethernet and Communications 13.1Overview Accessories and Replacement Parts List 14.1Overview Part Numbers Part NumbersKit/Part Number Description Quantity Table of Contents Appendices Example of a Conductivity Loop January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 201 Ft of 18 AWG coax January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 203 Uses of cyanide solutions Appendix C Cyanide Waste TreatmentTechnique for cyanide destruction First Stage of Cyanide Destruction Raise pH and oxidize cyanideTitration curve Importance of pH control Reliable measurement with gold electrodeSecond Stage of Cyanide Destruction Neutralize and further oxidize cyanate Batch Treatment ORP Potential a Measure of Status of Reaction 15.5Appendix D Chrome Waste Treatment Use of ChromatesCorrosion inhibition Necessity for removal of chromium ion from wastewater First Stage of Chrome Removal Lower pH and add reducing agent Second Stage of Chrome Removal ORP Potential a Measure of Status January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 211 Appendix E Two-cell Applications Ion ExchangeReverse Osmosis Conductivity/Resistivity/TDS Difference Parts Rinsing Steam Power Measurements Softener Monitor January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 215 Set cal factor and calibration trim for ideal conditions Calculations for conductivity, resistivity, and TDS Concentration values Data for Concentration Range Measurements 15.8Appendix G Noise Testing, Dissolved Oxygen Application Hints for Reducing Noise 15.9Appendix H do Probe and Analyzer Tests Check for probe membrane leakage Check that analyzer is working January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 221 Temperature PressureSalinity Faradaic Currents Residual CurrentsElectrode Conditioning Currents Charging Currents Sulfite Based Zero Testing Faradaic Interferences Dissolved Oxygen Solubility vs. Temperature 15.12Appendix K Percent Saturation Readout 15.13Appendix L Leak Detection in PPB Applications Oxygen Measurement Procedure Equipment Needed To Calculate True Value Example Calculation Typical Probe Installation 230 15.16Appendix O Auto Clean and Auto Cal Examples Automatic Cleaning and Calibration Auto Clean Setup 10 Auto Cal Setup Automatic Calibration of ppb Dissolved Oxygen Probe Appendix P AutoClean and AutoCal Theory and Piping AutoClean Sequence and Piping 11 Automatic Electrode Wash Setup AutoCal Sequence and Piping 12 Rinse and One-Point Calibration Two-Point AutoCal Operation 238 Index Conductivity Conductivity Calibration January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 241 Power Supply/Analog Output/Relay Output Card...132 Y, Z 244 January UDA2182 Universal Dual Analyzer Product Manual 245 Asia Pacific