Chapter 7: MAP

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The output from MAP is an NCD (Native Circuit Description) file—a physical representation of the design mapped to the components in the targeted Xilinx FPGA. The mapped NCD file can then be placed and routed using the PAR program.

The following figure shows the MAP design flow:

NMC

NGD

Macro Definition

Generic Database

 

MAP

PCF

 

Physical Constraints

 

 

NCD

 

Circuit Description

Guide File

(Mapped)

 

Figure 7-1:MAP design flow

MAP Syntax

The following syntax maps your logical design:

map [options] infile[.ngd] [pcf_file[.pcf]]

NGM

MRP

MAP Report

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options can be any number of the MAP command line options listed in the “MAP Options” section of this chapter. They do not need to be listed in any particular order. Separate multiple options with spaces.

infile[.ngd] is the input NGD file. You do not have to enter the .ngd extension, since map looks for an NGD file as input.

pcf_file[.pcf] is the name of the output physical constraints file (PCF). Specifying a physical constraints file name is optional, and you do not have to enter the .pcf extension. If not specified, the physical constraints file name and its location are determined in the following ways:

If you do not specify a physical constraints file name on the command line, the physical constraints file has the same name as the output file, with a .pcf extension. The file is placed in the output file’s directory.

If you specify a physical constraints file with no path specifier (for example, cpu_1.pcf instead of /home/designs/cpu_1.pcf), the .pcf file is placed in the current working directory.

If you specify a physical constraints file name with a full path specifier (for example, /home/designs/cpu_1.pcf), the physical constraints file is placed in the specified directory.

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Xilinx 8.2i manual MAP Syntax, Map options infile.ngd pcffile.pcf

8.2i specifications

Xilinx 8.2i is a significant version of the Xilinx ISE (Integrated Software Environment) that emerged in the early 2000s, marking an important milestone in the world of FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) development. This version introduced a slew of advanced features, technologies, and characteristics that made it an indispensable tool for engineers and developers in designing, simulating, and implementing digital circuits.

One of the standout features of Xilinx 8.2i is its enhanced design entry capabilities. This version supports multiple design entry methods, including schematic entry, VHDL, and Verilog HDL, giving engineers the flexibility to choose their preferred approach. The integrated environment provides user-friendly graphical interfaces, making it accessible for both novice and experienced users.

Xilinx 8.2i's synthesis tools have been improved to enable more efficient design compilation and optimization. The new algorithms used in this version facilitate faster synthesis times while reducing power consumption and improving performance. Furthermore, it features support for advanced FPGA architectures, which allows for the implementation of more complex designs with greater efficiency.

The implementation tools in Xilinx 8.2i include advanced place and route capabilities, utilizing state-of-the-art algorithms for optimized resource usage. These tools enable designers to make better use of FPGA resources, ensuring that designs fit within the constraints of the target device while maximizing performance.

Another key characteristic of Xilinx 8.2i is its extensive support for various Xilinx devices such as the Spartan, Virtex, and CoolRunner series. This compatibility ensures that developers can leverage the powerful features of these FPGA families, including high-speed transceivers and DSP slices.

Xilinx 8.2i also places a strong emphasis on simulation and verification. The version integrates with various simulation tools, allowing for thorough testing of the designs before implementation. This reduces the risk of errors and ensures that the final product meets specifications.

In addition, this version includes support for design constraints, enabling engineers to specify timing, area, and other critical design parameters. By accommodating constraints, Xilinx 8.2i helps in achieving reliable and efficient designs tailored to project needs.

In summary, Xilinx 8.2i is a robust software development tool that enhances the design process for FPGAs. Its comprehensive features, including multiple design entry options, advanced synthesis and implementation tools, extensive device support, and strong simulation capabilities, make it a valuable resource for engineers and developers striving for innovation in digital design.