APPENDIX A

INSTRUCTION SET REFERENCE

This appendix provides reference information for the instruction set of the family of MCS® 96 microcontrollers. It defines the processor status word (PSW) flags, describes each instruction, shows the relationships between instructions and PSW flags, and shows hexadecimal opcodes, instruction lengths, and execution times. It includes the following tables.

•Table A-1 on page A-2 is a map of the opcodes.

•Table A-2 on page A-4 defines the processor status word (PSW) flags.

•Table A-3 on page A-5 shows the effect of the PSW flags or a specified register bit on conditional jump instructions.

•Table A-4 on page A-5 defines the symbols used in Table A-6.

•Table A-5 on page A-6 defines the variables used in Table A-6 to represent instruction operands.

•Table A-6 beginning on page A-7 lists the instructions alphabetically, describes each of them, and shows the effect of each instruction on the PSW flags.

•Table A-7 beginning on page A-47 lists the instruction opcodes, in hexadecimal order, along with the corresponding instruction mnemonics.

•Table A-8 on page A-53 lists instruction lengths and opcodes for each applicable addressing mode.

•Table A-9 on page A-60 lists instruction execution times, expressed in state times.

NOTE

The # symbol prefixes an immediate value in immediate addressing mode. Chapter 4, “Programming Considerations,” describes the operand types and addressing modes.

A-1

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Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP, Microcontroller manual Appendix a Instruction SET Reference
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Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.
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