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Intel 8XC196NP, 80C196NU, Microcontroller Chapter Architectural Overview, Typical Applications

Models: Microcontroller 80C196NU 8XC196NP

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CHAPTER 2

ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW

The 16-bit 8XC196NP and 80C196NU CHMOS microcontrollers are designed to handle high- speed calculations and fast input/output (I/O) operations. They share a common architecture and instruction set with other members of the MCS® 96 microcontroller family. In addition to their 16-bit address/data buses, both microcontrollers have extended addressing ports consisting of 4 external address pins, for a total of 20 address pins. With 20 address pins, these microcontrollers can access up to 1 Mbyte of linear address space. Both devices also have chip-select units that provide a glueless interface to external memory devices. The extended addressing port and chip- select unit enable these microcontrollers to handle larger, more complex programs and to access more external memory at a faster rate than could earlier MCS 96 microcontrollers.

The 8XC196NP and 80C196NU are pin-compatible and have identical cores. However, the 80C196NU can operate at twice the frequency of the 8XC196NP. The 80C196NU also employs an accumulator and enhanced multiplication instructions to support multiply-accumulate opera- tions. The 80C196NU is the first MCS 96 microcontroller with this capability. This chapter pro- vides a high-level overview of the architecture.

2.1TYPICAL APPLICATIONS

MCS 96 microcontrollers are typically used for high-speed event control systems. Commercial applications include modems, motor-control systems, printers, photocopiers, air conditioner con- trol systems, disk drives, and medical instruments. Automotive customers use MCS 96 microcon- trollers in engine-control systems, airbags, suspension systems, and antilock braking systems (ABS).

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Intel 8XC196NP, 80C196NU, Microcontroller manual Chapter Architectural Overview, Typical Applications
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Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.