Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP manual Table A-2. Processor Status Word PSW Flags, Mnemonic Description

8XC196NP, 80C196NU USER’S MANUAL

		Table A-2. Processor Status Word (PSW) Flags
Mnemonic				Description
C	The carry flag is set to indicate an arithmetic carry from the MSB of the ALU or the state of
	the last bit shifted out of an operand. If a subtraction operation generates a borrow, the carry
	flag is cleared.
	C		Value of Bits Shifted Off
	0		< ½ LSB
	1		≥ ½ LSB
	Normally, the result is rounded up if the carry flag is set. The sticky bit flag allows a finer
	resolution in the rounding decision.
	C	ST	Value of Bits Shifted Off
	0	0	= 0
	0	1	> 0 and < ½ LSB
	1	0	= ½ LSB
	1	1	> ½ LSB and < 1 LSB
N	The negative flag is set to indicate that the result of an operation is negative. The flag is
	correct even if an overflow occurs. For all shift operations and the NORML instruction, the
	flag is set to equal the most-significant bit of the result, even if the shift count is zero.
ST	The sticky bit flag is set to indicate that, during a right shift, a “1” has been shifted into the
	carry flag and then shifted out. This bit is undefined after a multiply operation. The sticky bit
	flag can be used with the carry flag to allow finer resolution in rounding decisions. See the
	description of the carry (C) flag for details.
V	The overflow flag is set to indicate that the result of an operation is too large to be
	represented correctly in the available space.
	For shift operations, the flag is set if the most-significant bit of the operand changes during
	the shift. For divide operations, the quotient is stored in the low-order half of the destination
	operand and the remainder is stored in the high-order half. The overflow flag is set if the
	quotient is outside the range for the low-order half of the destination operand. (Chapter 4,
	“Programming Considerations,” defines the operands and possible values for each.)
	Instruction		Quotient Stored in:	V Flag Set if Quotient is:
	DIVB		Short-Integer	< –128 or > +127 (< 81H or > 7FH)
	DIV		Integer	< –32768 or > +32767 (< 8001H or > 7FFFH)
	DIVUB		Byte	> 255 (FFH)
	DIVU		Word	> 65535 (FFFFH)
VT	The overflow-trap flag is set when the overflow flag is set, but it is cleared only by the CLRVT,
	JVT, and JNVT instructions. This allows testing for a possible overflow at the end of a
	sequence of related arithmetic operations, which is generally more efficient than testing the
	overflow flag after each operation.
Z	The zero flag is set to indicate that the result of an operation was zero. For multiple-precision
	calculations, the zero flag cannot be set by the instructions that use the carry bit from the
	previous calculation (e.g., ADDC, SUBC). However, these instructions can clear the zero
	flag. This ensures that the zero flag will reflect the result of the entire operation, not just the
	last calculation. For example, if the result of adding together the lower words of two double
	words is zero, the zero flag would be set. When the upper words are added together using
	the ADDC instruction, the flag remains set if the result is zero and is cleared if the result is not
	zero.

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