Intel 8XC196NP, 80C196NU, Microcontroller manual CHIP-SELECT Unit, Wrl#, Wrh#

Models: Microcontroller 80C196NU 8XC196NP

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INTERFACING WITH EXTERNAL MEMORY

 

Table 13-2. External Memory Interface Signals (Continued)

 

 

 

 

 

Name

Type

Description

Multiplexed

With

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

WR#

O

Write

WRL#

 

 

This active-low output indicates that an external write is occurring.

 

 

 

This signal is asserted only during external memory writes.

 

 

 

The chip configuration register 0 (CCR0) determines whether this

 

 

 

pin functions as WR# or WRL#. CCR0.2 = 1 selects WR#; CCR0.2 =

 

 

 

0 selects WRL#.

 

 

 

 

 

WRH#

O

Write High

P5.5/BHE#

 

 

During 16-bit bus cycles, this active-low output signal is asserted for

 

 

 

high-byte writes and word writes to external memory. During 8-bit

 

 

 

bus cycles, WRH# is asserted for all write operations.

 

 

 

The chip configuration register 0 (CCR0) determines whether this

 

 

 

pin functions as BHE# or WRH#. CCR0.2 = 1 selects BHE#; CCR0.2

 

 

 

= 0 selects WRH#.

 

 

 

 

 

WRL#

O

Write Low

WR#

 

 

During 16-bit bus cycles, this active-low output signal is asserted for

 

 

 

low-byte writes and word writes. During 8-bit bus cycles, WRL# is

 

 

 

asserted for all write operations.

 

 

 

The chip configuration register 0 (CCR0) determines whether this

 

 

 

pin functions as WR# or WRL#. CCR0.2 = 1 selects WR#; CCR0.2 =

 

 

 

0 selects WRL#.

 

 

 

 

 

13.3 THE CHIP-SELECT UNIT

The chip-select unit provides six outputs, CS5:0#, for selecting an external device during an ex- ternal bus cycle. During an external memory access, a chip-select output CSx# is asserted if the address falls within the address range assigned to that chip-select. The bus width, the number of wait states, and multiplexed or demultiplexed address/data lines are programmed independently for each of the six chip-selects. If the external address is outside the range of the six chip-selects, the chip-select 5 bus control register determines the wait states, bus width, and multiplexing, and no chip-select is asserted. Table 13-3 lists the chip-select registers.

13-5

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Intel 8XC196NP, 80C196NU, Microcontroller manual CHIP-SELECT Unit, Wrl#, Wrh#

Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.