8XC196NP, 80C196NU USER’S MANUAL

Table 7-2. Bidirectional Port Pins

Port Pin

Special-function

Special-function

Associated

Signal(s)

Signal Type

Peripheral

 

 

 

 

 

P1.0

EPA0

I/O

EPA

P1.1

EPA1

I/O

EPA

P1.2

EPA2

I/O

EPA

P1.3

EPA3

I/O

EPA

P1.4

T1CLK

I

Timer 1

P1.5

T1DIR

I

Timer 1

P1.6

T2CLK

I

Timer 2

P1.7

T2DIR

I

Timer 2

P2.0

TXD

O

SIO

P2.1

RXD

I/O

SIO

P2.2

EXTINT0

I

Interrupts

P2.3

BREQ#

O

Bus controller

P2.4

EXTINT1

I

Interrupts

P2.5

HOLD#

I

Bus controller

P2.6

HLDA#

O

Bus controller

P2.7

CLKOUT

O

Clock generator

P3.0

CS0#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.1

CS1#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.2

CS2#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.3

CS3#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.4

CS4#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.5

CS5#

O

Chip-select unit

P3.6

EXTINT2

I

Interrupts

P3.7

EXTINT3

I

Interrupts

P4.0

PWM0

O

PWM

P4.1

PWM1

O

PWM

P4.2

PWM2

O

PWM

P4.3

I/O

Table 7-3 lists the registers associated with the bidirectional ports. Each port has three control reg- isters (Px_MODE, Px_DIR, and Px_REG); they can be both read and written. The Px_PIN regis- ter is a status register that returns the logic level present on the pins; it can only be read. The registers are byte-addressable and can be windowed.“Bidirectional Port Considerations” on page 7-9 discusses special considerations for reading P2_REG.7.

7-2

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Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP, Microcontroller manual Bidirectional Port Pins, Port Pin Special-function Associated Signals

Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.