8XC196NP, 80C196NU USER’S MANUAL

EST

Extended store word. Stores the value of the source (leftmost) word operand

 

into the destination (rightmost) operand. This instruction allows you to move

 

data from the lower register file to anywhere in the address space. It operates in

 

extended indirect and extended indexed modes.

ESTB

Extended store byte. Stores the value of the source (leftmost) byte operand into

 

the destination (rightmost) operand. This instruction allows you to move data

 

from the lower register file to anywhere in the address space. It operates in

 

extended indirect and extended indexed modes.

4.2ADDRESSING MODES

The instruction set uses four basic addressing modes:

•direct

•immediate

•indirect (with or without autoincrement)

•indexed (short-, long-, or zero-indexed)

The stack pointer can be used with indirect addressing to access the top of the stack, and it can also be used with short-indexed addressing to access data within the stack. The zero register can be used with long-indexed addressing to access any memory location.

Extended variations of the indirect and indexed modes support the extended load and store in- structions. An extended load instruction moves a word (ELD) or a byte (ELDB) from any location in the address space into the lower register file. An extended store instruction moves a word (EST) or a byte (ESTB) from the lower register file into any location in the address space. An instruction can contain only one immediate, indirect, or indexed reference; any remaining oper- ands must be direct references.

This section describes the addressing modes as they are handled by the hardware. An understand- ing of these details will help programmers to take full advantage of the architecture. The assembly language hides some of the details of how these addressing modes work. “Assembly Language Addressing Mode Selections” on page 4-11 describes how the assembly language handles direct and indexed addressing modes.

The examples in this section assume that temporary registers are defined as shown in this segment of assembly code and described in Table 4-3.

 

Oseg

at 1ch

AX

DSW

1

BX

DSW

1

CX

DSW

1

DX

DSW

1

EX

DSL

1

4-6

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Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP, Microcontroller manual Est, Addressing Modes
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Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.
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