Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP, Microcontroller manual FFH 2FH 1FH 0FH F1H, F0H

Models: Microcontroller 80C196NU 8XC196NP

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8XC196NP, 80C196NU USER’S MANUAL

Because the four most-significant bits (MSBs) of the internal address can take any values without changing the external address, these four bits effectively produce 16 copies of the 1-Mbyte ad- dress space, for a total of 16 Mbytes in 256 pages, 00H–FFH (Figure 5-1). For example, page 01H has 15 duplicates: 11H, 21H, ..., F1H. The shaded areas in Figure 5-1 represent the overlaid areas.

16 Mbyte

3 Mbyte

2 Mbyte

1 Mbyte

FFH

2FH

1FH

0FH

￿

 

 

 

 

• • •

 

F1H

21H

11H

01H

F0H

20H

10H

00H

Externally

Addressable

A2541-02

Figure 5-1. 16-Mbyte Address Space

The memory pages of interest are 00H–0EH and FFH. Pa ges 01H–0EH are external memory with unspecified contents; they can store either code or data. Pages 00H and FFH, shown in Figure 5-2, have special significance. Page 00H contains the register file and the special-function regis- ters (SFRs), while page FFH contains special-purpose memory (chip configuration bytes and in- terrupt vectors) and program memory. The device fetches its first instruction from location FF2080H. Addresses in page FFH exist only in the internal 24-bit address space.

The implementation of page FFH in the 83C196NP differs from that in the 80C196NP and 80C196NU. For the 83C196NP, locations FF2000–FF2FFFH are imple mented by 4 Kbytes of in- ternal ROM and the remainder of page FFH (FF3000–FFFFFFH) is implemented by ext ernal memory in page 0FH. For the 80C196NP and the 80C196NU, which have no internal ROM, all of page FFH is implemented by external memory in page 0FH.

NOTE

Because the device has 24 bits of address internally, all programs must be written as though the device uses all 24 bits. The device resets from page FFH, so all code must originate from this page. (Use the assembler directive, “cseg at 0FFxxxxH.”) This is true even if the code is actually stored in external memory.

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Intel 80C196NU, 8XC196NP, Microcontroller manual FFH 2FH 1FH 0FH F1H, F0H

Microcontroller, 80C196NU, 8XC196NP specifications

The Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers are part of Intel's renowned 16-bit microcontroller series that gained popularity in the 1980s and 1990s for embedded systems applications. Designed for a variety of applications, these microcontrollers are characterized by their robust performance, versatility, and industry-standard architecture.

The 8XC196NP features an enhanced instruction set with over 100 instructions, allowing for efficient code execution. It operates at clock speeds up to 16 MHz, which contributes to improved performance in time-sensitive applications. The microcontroller is equipped with a 16-bit data bus, enabling more efficient data handling compared to its 8-bit predecessors, thus accommodating complex algorithms and large data sets.

In terms of memory architecture, the 8XC196NP supports an addressable memory space of up to 64 KB of program memory and 64 KB of data memory. This configuration provides sufficient space for large applications while ensuring fast data access. The microcontroller includes integrated features such as timers, serial I/O capabilities, and interrupt processing, which enhance its functionality for real-time applications and control mechanisms.

The 80C196NU, on the other hand, is designed for lower power operation, making it suitable for battery-powered devices. This microcontroller maintains similar features to the 8XC196NP while offering advancements that support low-power consumption. The 80C196NU can also function in a range of temperature environments, making it adaptable for industrial applications.

Both the 8XC196NP and 80C196NU support external memory interfacing, allowing designers to expand the system's capability by connecting additional ROM and RAM. This flexibility makes them appealing for developing complex systems, such as motor controls, industrial automation, and consumer electronics.

Another standout feature of these microcontrollers is their built-in debugging capabilities. Intel provided hardware and software tools that enabled developers to test and troubleshoot their applications effectively, reducing the development time and increasing reliability.

Overall, the Intel 8XC196NP and 80C196NU microcontrollers stand out for their dependability, versatility, and performance, contributing significantly to the evolution of embedded system design. Their legacy continues to influence modern microcontroller technology, ensuring their relevance in a wide array of applications today.