Instruction Grouping, Execution | Freescale Semiconductor SC140

Instruction Grouping

5.1.1.4 Execution

During the execution stage, all DALU arithmetic calculations are performed by:

•Reading the data operands from source registers

•Performing arithmetic operations on the data

•Writing the results to destination registers

5.2 Instruction Grouping

The SC140 instruction set architecture is built around a 16-bit instruction set for optimal code density and performance. The core contains two AAUs and four ALUs that enable two instructions to the AAUs and four instructions to the ALUs per clock cycle. The grouping of these instructions is specified explicitly in the assembly source code and encoded by the assembler, subject to the encoding rules described later in this section.

Example 5-1 shows an execution set containing the following four SC140 instructions: a MAC, an AND, a memory read, and an AAU calculation. All four instructions execute independently in a single cycle.

Example 5-1. Four SC140 Instructions in an Execution Set

MACR -D0,D1,D7			AND D4,D5		MOVE.L (R0)+N0,R6				ADDA R2,R3


DALU Instr			DALU Instr			AGU Instr			AGU Instr

In the execution set above, the four SC140 instructions are grouped. When executed, the following occurs:

1.The contents of the D0 and D1 registers are multiplied fractionally. The result is subtracted from the D7 data register. The final result is then rounded and stored in the D7 data register.

2.The contents of the D4 and D5 registers are ANDed together. The result is stored in the D5 data register.

3.The contents of the 32-bit memory location (pointed to by the R0 register) are moved into the R6 register.

4.The address in the R0 register is incremented by the contents of the N0 register.

5.The contents of R2 are added to the R3 register. This result is stored back in the R3 register.

A second case is illustrated in Example 5-2, which shows a six-instruction execution set that executes in one clock cycle.

Example 5-2. Grouping Six SC140 Instructions in an Execution Set

MAC D0,D1,D7

MAC D3,D4,D6

MACR D0,D2,D5

ADR D3,D4 MOVE.W(R0)+N3,D2

MOVE.L D0,R1

DALU

DALU

DALU

DALU

AGU

AGU

Instr

Instr

Instr

Instr

Instr

Instr

SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual

5-5

Image 185

Freescale Semiconductor Instruction Grouping, Example 5-1. Four SC140 Instructions in an Execution Set

Contents

Reference Manual SC140 DSP Core SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual Table of Contents SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual Control Registers SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual Program Control Instruction Set Accelerator Plug-In Programming Rules Appendix a SC140 DSP Core Instruction Set Appendix B StarCore Registry Xii List of Figures Xiv List of Tables Xvi SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual Xvii Xviii List of Examples SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual Xxi Xxii About This Book Abbreviation Description Abbreviations used in this manual are listed belowAbbreviations ISR Revision Date Description Revision History Target Markets Chapter Introduction Architectural Differentiation Core Architecture Features Typical System-On-Chip Configuration SoC DSP expansion area Variable Length Execution Set Vles Software ModelSystem expansion area SC140 platform Core Architecture Features Architecture Overview Chapter Core Architecture Data Arithmetic Logic Unit Dalu Block Diagram of the SC140 Core Data Register File Address Generation Unit AGUMultiply-Accumulate MAC Unit Bit-Field Unit BFU Bit Mask Unit BMU Stack Pointer Registers Enhanced On-Chip Emulator EOnCE Program Sequencer Unit PseqInstruction Set Accelerator Plug-in Isap Interface Memory Interface Dalu Architecture Dalu Limit EXT Dalu Programming Model Data Registers D0-D15 Operand Type Dn.e Dn.h Dn.l Write to Data RegistersRead from Data Registers Dalu Arithmetic Instructions MAC Data Registers Access WidthOperand Type Data Width Bits Instruction Description DIV NEG Dalu Logical Instructions BFU Data Shifter/Limiter Limiting ScalingCalculating the Ln Bit Scaling Example Ln Bit Calculation Scaling Mode Bits Defining the Ln bit CalculationLimiting with the Moves Instructions Selected Special Six Other Dalu Instructions Mode Scaling and Arithmetic Saturation Mode InteractionsLimiting Example 10. Scaling and Limiting Interactions 11. Saturation and Rounding Interactions Dalu Arithmetic and RoundingData Representation Signed Fractional Data Formats Signed Fractional Signed Integer Unsigned Integer Signed Integer12. Two’s Complement Word Representations Division MultiplicationUnsigned Arithmetic Unsigned Multiplication Scaling Mode High Portion Low Portion 13. Rounding Position in Relation to Scaling ModeRounding Modes Unsigned Comparison Convergent Rounding No Scaling 2.6.2 Two’s Complement Rounding Two’s Complement Rounding No Scaling 14. Arithmetic Saturation Example Arithmetic Saturation Mode Fractional Multi-Precision Arithmetic Multi-Precision Arithmetic Support Fractional Double-Precision Multiplication Fractional Mixed-Precision Multiplication Integer Multi-Precision Arithmetic 10. Signed Integer Double-Precision Multiplication 11. Unsigned Integer Double-Precision Multiplication Viterbi Decoding Support AGU Architecture Address Generation Unit Unit AAU AddressArithmetic Address Generation Unit 13. AGU Programming Model AGU Programming Model Stack Pointer Registers NSP, ESP Address Registers R0-R15 Base Address Registers B0-B7 Offset Registers N0-N3Modifier Registers M0-M3 Shadow Stack Pointer Registers Address Modifier Modes Modifier Control Register Mctl17. Address Modifier AM Bits Address Register Indirect Modes Addressing ModesRegister Direct Modes Address Generation Unit PC Relative Mode Special Addressing Modes Memory Access Misalignment Memory Access Width Addressing Modes Summary Access Type Aligned Address19. Memory Address Alignment 20. Addressing Modes Summary Special Address Register IndirectPC Relative Reverse-carry Addressing Mode Linear Addressing ModeModulo Addressing Mode Address Modifier Modes 15. Modulo Addressing Example Modifier Mj Address Calculation Arithmetic Multiple Wrap-Around Modulo Addressing Mode21. Modulo Register Values for Modulo Addressing Mode 23. AGU Arithmetic Instructions Arithmetic Instructions on Address Registers Bit Mask Instructions 24. AGU Bit Mask Instructions BMU Bit Mask Test and Set Semaphore Support Instruction Semaphore Hardware Implementation Move InstructionsExample of Normal Usage of the Semaphoring Mechanism Label BMTSET.W #mask,R0 JT label MOVE.W 25. AGU Move Instructions 16. Integer Move Instructions 17. Fractional Move Instructions 18. Bit Allocation in MOVE.L D0.eD1.e Memory Interface 1.1 SC140 Bus Structure 1 SC140 Endian Support 20. Basic Connection between SC140 Core and Memory Memory Organization Representation Type Value Data Moves26. Data Representation in Memory 22. Data Transfer in Big and Little Endian Modes Address Data Multi-Register Moves Multi-Register Transfer in Big and Little Endian Modes Instruction Word Transfers 25. Instruction Moves in Big and Little Endian Modes Memory Access Behavior in Big/Little Endian Modes Example MOVE.2L D0D1, R0 Example MOVE.L D0.ED1.E, A0Example MOVE.F D0, R0 Example MOVE.2F D0D1, R0 D6 = Example VSL.4W D2D6D1D3, R0 + N0Example VSL.4F D2D6D1D3, R0 + N0 Example VSL.2W D1D3, R0 + N0 Example Push D0 Push D1 Example Push D0Example BMSET.W #$1234, A0 Data = Instruction Register Operands Big Little Endian 31. Control Instructions in Big and Little Endian Modes Status Register SR Core Control Registers Status Register Description Name Description SettingsDescribes the various SR bits Exceptions I2-I0 Interrupt Mask Bits Reflect Disable Interrupts Bit When this bit Overflow Exception Enable BitException Mode Bit Selects Reserved S1-S0 Scaling Mode Bits Specify Equation ModeScaling Mode Bit Rounding Mode Bit Selects the type Name Description Settings Arithmetic Saturation Mode Selects Exception and Mode Register EMR Exception and Mode Register EMR EMR Description Describes the EMR fields Illegal Execution Set Indicates whether an Ilst Clearing EMR Bits PLL and Clock RegistersBmclr #$fffb,EMR.L Example 3-1. Clearing an EMR Bit Debugging System Emulation and Debug EOnCE Signal Name Signal Description Jtag Interface Signal DescriptionsOverview of the Combined Jtag and EOnCE Interface Cascading Multiple SC140 EOnCE Modules in a SoC Jtag Instructions Jtag Scan Paths Loadgpr Select-DR Scan Path Select-IR Scan Path TAP Controller State Machine Jtag Scan Paths Enabling the EOnCE Module Activating the EOnCE Through the Jtag Port Reading/Writing EOnCE Registers Through Jtag Debugrequest and Enableeonce Commands Reading and Writing EOnCE Registers Via Jtag EOnCE register read capture operation through Jtag EOnCE register write operation through Jtag EOnCE Signals Jtag Signals EOnCE SignalsMain Capabilities of the EOnCE Module Core Interface Debug State EOnCE Dedicated Instructions Software Downloading Debug ExceptionExecuting an Instruction while in Debug State Software Downloading Event type Occurs when EOnCE EventsEOnCE Event Types Event and Action Summary EOnCE ActionsEOnCE Event and Action Summary Event type EOnCE Controller EOnCE Enabling and Power ConsiderationsEOnCE Module Internal Architecture Transmit Register Update Signal from the TAP Controller Command RegisterAddress Monitor and Control Register Address Control Decoder Logic Receive Register Event Counter Event Counter Register Set Shows a block diagram of the event counter Event Detection Unit EDU Address Buses EE5..0XDBxx Data Buses EventD Event0 Event1 Event2 Event5 Count event EEi Address Event Detection Channel Edca Edca Register Set Event External Event 6,7 Count Event Data Event Detection Channel EdcdEventD Edcd register set is shown below Optional External Event Detection Address Channels Event Selector ES Trace Unit EE40 ES block diagram is shown in FigureEvent0..Event5 External Event6, Event7 EventD Count event 10. Event Selector Register Set EOnCE Module Internal Architecture Trace Buffer TB Off-Core Change of Flow and Interrupt TracingChange of Flow Trace Unit Programming Model Writing to the Trace BufferReading the Trace Buffer Tbbuff 11. Trace Buffer Register Set EOnCE Register Addressing Offset 12 displays the EOnCE register addressing offsets12. EOnCE Register Addressing Offsets EDCA4REFA Real-Time Jtag Access Reading or Writing EOnCE Registers Using Core Software Real-Time Data Transfer General EOnCE Register Issues EOnCE Register Addressing Read/Write Command Specifies EOnCE Command Register ECREOnCE Controller Registers 13 describes the ECR fields EOnCE Status Register ESR 16 displays the bit configuration of the ESR Name Description 14 describes the ESR fields14. ESR Description Section DREE3 15 describes the Emcr fields EOnCE Monitor and Control Register Emcr15. Emcr Description Name Description Reserved Debugerst EOnCE Transmit Register Etrsmt EOnCE Receive Register Ercv EE Signals as Outputs EE SignalsDetection by the Event Detection Channels Detecting Entry into Debug State EE Signals Control Register Eectrl EE Signals as Inputs Eeddef 16. Eectrl Description EE2DEF Length control bits are described in -17, below Core Command Register Corecmd17. Length Control Bits Length Control Bits Description PC of the Next Execution Set Pcnext PC of the Exception Execution Set PcexcpPC of Last Execution Set Pclast PC Breakpoint Detection Register Pcdetect Event Counter Control Register Ecntctrl Event Counter Registers 18 describes the Ecntctrl fields Extended Mode of Operation Bit18. Ecntctrl Description Reserved for Test Events to be Counted Determines Event Counter Enable Used toEvent Counter Value Register Ecntval Extension Counter Value Register Ecntext EC Signals Address Event Detection Channel Edca Event Detection Unit EDU Channels and RegistersEdca Control Registers EDCAiCTRL 19 describes the EDCAiCTRL fields Comparators Selection Used to Event Detection Channel EDCAi Comparator a Condition Selection Access Type Selection These bitsComparator B Condition Selection Edca Mask Register EDCAiMASK Edca Reference Value Registers a and B EDCAiREFA, EDCAiREFB Edcd Control Register Edcdctrl Data Event Detection Channel Edcd20 describes the Edcdctrl fields 20. Edcdctrl Description AWS Access Width Selection Comparator Condition Selection Access Type Selection The ATS bit Event Selector Control Register Eselctrl Event Selector ES RegistersEdcd Reference Value Register Edcdref Edcd Mask Register Edcdmask 21. Eselctrl Description Eselctrl fields are described in Table Event Selector Mask Debug State Register Eseldm 24 displays the bit configuration of Eseldm Event Selector Mask Debug Exception Register Eseldi Event Selector Mask Enable Trace Register Eseletb Trace Buffer Control Register Tbctrl Event Selector Mask Disable Trace Register EseldtbTrace Unit Registers 22. Allowed tracing mode combinations This mode is usefull only with the Tcount modeTrace mode Upon a trace event, trace the counter value Ecntval Tbctrl fields are described in the following table Trace Buffer Counter Mode23. Tbctrl Description Trace Buffer Extension Counter Trace Buffer Enable Mode Enables Trace Loops Mode Enables tracingTrace Mark Instruction Mode Trace Issue of Execution Sets Enable Trace Buffer Register Tbbuff Trace Buffer Read Pointer Register TbrdTrace Buffer Write Pointer Register Tbwr Trace Unit Registers Pipeline Chapter Program Control Illustrates the five instruction pipeline stages Instruction Pipeline Stages Pipeline Stages Overview Pipeline ExampleInstruction Cycle Operation Pipeline Stage Description Address Generation Instruction Pre-Fetch and FetchInstruction Dispatch Example 5-1. Four SC140 Instructions in an Execution Set Instruction GroupingExecution Instruction Grouping Methods Grouping Types Prefix Grouping Serial Grouping Two-Word Prefix Prefix Types One-Word Low Register Prefix Conditional ExecutionFor example Prefix Instructions Prefix Selection Algorithm Assembly Syntax Meaning Low Register Prefix Selection Algorithm Instruction Reordering Within an Execution Set Example 5-5. Set of 2 Two-word Instructions Requiring a NOP Example 5-4. Conditional Vles Having Two Subgroups Instruction Timing Instruction Categories Timing Summary Sequential Instruction Timing Move Instruction Timing Dalu Instruction TimingBit Mask Instruction Timing Compare Shift Test Non-Loop Change-of-Flow Instructions Example 5-6. Delayed Change-of-Flow and Its Delay SlotChange-Of-Flow Instruction Timing Loop Change-Of-Flow Instructions Direct, PC-Relative, and Conditional COF COF Execution Cycles Delayed COF Highest cycle count of instructions grouped with Call Example 5-7 shows a case when a stall cycle is addedNumber of Cycles Needed by Change-of-Flow Instructions Example 5-7. Subroutine Call Timing Memory Access Timing Memory Access Examples Example 5-8. Parallel Execution of Two Move Instructions MOVE.L Memory Stall Conditions Implicit Push/Pop Memory Timing Loop Start Address Registers SAn Hardware LoopsLoop Programming Model Status Register SR Loop Flag Bits Loop Notation and EncodingLoop Counter Registers LCn Lpmarka and Lpmarkb Bits in Short and Long Loops Loop Initiation and ExecutionLoop Type Location Functionality Loop Iteration and Termination Loop Nesting 10 lists the loop instructions Loop Control Instructions10. Loop Control Instructions Instruction Operation Example 5-14. Short Loop, Two Execution Sets Example 5-13. Long Loop DisassemblyExample 5-12. Long Loop Example 5-16. Nested Loop Following is an example of a nested loopExample 5-15. Short Loop, One Execution Set 1 SC140 Single Stack Memory Use Stack SupportLoop Timing Shows the stack structure 2 SC140 Dual Stack Memory Use 11. Stack Push/Pop Instructions Stack Support Instructions12. Even and Odd Registers Even Register De File Odd Register Do File Shadow Stack Pointer Registers Addressing Mode Description13. Stack Memory Map 14. Stack Move Instructions Fast Return from Subroutines Exception Working Mode Normal Working ModeWorking Mode EXP bit Active SP Working Modes Dual-stack Rtos Typical Working Mode Usage Scenarios From Exception to Normal mode Working Mode TransitionsFrom Normal to Exception mode Single-stack Rtos Working Modes 16. Processing State Change Instructions Processing StatesProcessing State Change Instructions Processing State Transitions 10. Core State Diagram Execution State Reset Processing State17. Processing State Transitions Processing State Transitions Description Wait Processing State 18. Exit Wait Processing State due to an Interrupt or NMI Stop Processing State Exception Processing 11. Core-PIC Interface SC140 Programming Exception Routine Addresses Interrupt Vector AddressVector Base Address Register Exception Address Priority Type Description Offset Highest Return From Exception Instructions19. Exception Vector Address Table Non-Maskable Interrupts NMI Maskable InterruptsInternal Exceptions Interrupt Priority Level Illegal Execution Set Illegal ExceptionIllegal Instruction Dalu Overflow Exception Interface to the PipelineTrap Exception Debug Exception Exception Timing Exception Mode Execution20. Exception Pipeline Example 5-17. Basic Exception Timing Exception Processing 12 provides a flow chart for Example 21. Pipeline Example Introduction Instruction Set Accelerator Plug-In Single Isap Isap SC140 Schematic ConnectionData Memory SC140Core Multiple Isap Core to Multiple Isap Connection Schematic Isap instructions and instruction encoding Isap Memory AccessIsap Encoding Fields Binary Encoding Words Bits To understand this, look at the following lines of code Example 6-1. Isap memory accessISAP-core register transfers Following line of code Immediate Data Transfer to Isap registersExample 6-2. ISAP-Core register transfers Example 6-3. ISAP-Core register transfers Identification of Isap instructions Core Assembly Syntax with an IsapWorking with One Isap Vles that uses an implicit Isap ID string One Isap in a Multi-Line Vles Working with Multiple ISAPsOne Isap in a Single-Line Vles Example 6-5. Multiple Isap coding An Example of the Definition Flexibility of an IsapMultiple ISAPs in a Multi-Line Vles Example 6-7. Conditional Execution Example Example 6-6. Conditional Execution Example Isap Functions that Interact With the Core Programming Rules Rules for implicit AGU instructions Grouping rules for explicit Isap instructions D.2, D.3 Sequencing rules for T bit update Programming Rules Vles Grouping Semantics Vles Sequencing Semantics Vles Grouping Semantics Grouping Rules SC140 Pipeline ExposureProgramming Rule Notation Register Read/Write Sequencing Rules Instruction Words Status Bit UpdatesMOVE-like Instructions Register Aliasing Delay Slot Delayed COF InstructionsAGU Arithmetic Instructions Change-Of-Flow Destinations Static Programming Rules Enabled LoopHardware Loops Hardware Loop Detection Rule G.G.1 General Grouping RulesRule G.G.2 Rule G.G.3 Example 7-5 Duplicate PC Destinations Rule G.G.4Example 7-6 Duplicate Address Pointer Register Destinations Example 7-7 Duplicate Stack Pointer Destinations Example 7-8 Duplicate Register Destinations Rule G.G.4 ExceptionsExample 7-9 Duplicate SR/EMR Register Destinations Example 7-10 Duplicate Status Bit Destinations Rule G.G.5 Prefix Grouping RulesFollowing rules only apply to prefix-grouped Vles Example 7-15. Dalu Register Use Exceeds Four Times Example 7-17 Two-Word Instructions Exceed Two Rule G.P.1Example 7-16 Vles Extension Words Exceed Two Rule G.P.4 Rule G.P.3Rule G.P.5 Example 7-18. Vles Has Mutually Exclusive Instructions Rule G.P.7 Rule G.P.6Example 7-20. Data Source Use of Nn and Mn Registers Example 7-21. IFc Having Two Subgroups Example 7-24. Isap instructions in same IFc group Rule G.P.8Rule G.P.9 Example 7-25. Mctl Write to R0-R7 Use AGU RulesRule A.1 Example 7-26. Rn, Nn, Mn Write to AGU Use Rule A.2Rule A.3 Example 7-28. LCn Write to MOVE-like Use Rule A.4Example 7-27. Rn or Nn Write to MOVE-like Use Example 7-29. Nmid Update to EMR Read Delayed COF RulesExample 7-30. Instructions in a Delay Slot Rule A.7 Example RTE/D with SR Updates Example 7-31. Instructions in a Rted Delay SlotRule D.2 Rule D.3 Rule D.5 Rule D.4Rule D.5a Rule D.6 Rule D.8 Status Bit RulesRule D.9 Rule T.1 Rule T.2.b Rule T.2.aRule T.2.c Rule SR.2 Static Programming Rules Example 7-43. SR Write to SR Status Bit Use Rule SR.4 Example 7-44. SR Write to SR Status Bit UpdateRule SR.3 Rule SR.4a Example 7-45. Dovf Update to SR Read or WriteExample 7-46. Dovf Update grouped with Move-like SR updates Rule SR.7 Loop Nesting RulesRule L.N.1 DI and EI DOENn and DOENSHn Rule L.N.3 Rule L.N.2Example 7-49. Nested Loops with Ordered Index Example 7-50. Nested DOENn/DOENSHn Instructions Example 7-53. Changing a loop type Example 7-52. Loopend between Doen and Loopend Rule L.L.1 Loop LA RulesRule L.L.2 Example 7-54. Instructions at the End of Long Loops Rule L.L.4 Rule L.L.3LA of a short loop cannot be at LA-1 of a long loop Example 7-56. Instructions in Short Loops Rule L.L.5 Loop Sequencing RulesRule L.L.6 Rule L.D.1 Rule L.D.5 Rule L.D.3Rule L.D.6 Example 7-60. LCn Write at the Start of Short Loop n Rule L.D.9 Rule L.D.7Rule L.D.8 Rule L.C.1 Loop COF RulesRule L.C.2 Rule L.C.3 Example 7-68. Bc/Jc at LA-3 of a Long Loop Rule L.C.5Bc or Jc instruction is not allowed at LA-3 of a long loop Example 7-69. Loop COF Destination in the Same Loop Rule L.C.7 Rule L.C.10 Rule L.C.9Example 7-70. Loop COF at End of Nested Long Loops Example 7-71. Subroutine Call to End of Loops Rule L.C.11 General Looping RulesRule L.C.12 Rule L.G.3 AGU Dynamic Rules Dynamic Programming RulesRule L.G.5 Rule A.2a Rule A.5 Memory Access RulesRule A.6 Rule D.7 Loop Rules RAS RulesRule J.4 Rule L.N.6 Rule Detection Across COF Boundaries Example 7-83. A.2 from a Delay Slot to a COF DestinationCycle-Based COF Rules Example 7-82. SR.2 Across a COF Boundary VLES-Based COF Rules Rule Detection Across Exception Boundaries Example 7-85. EMR access at the start of an exceptionRule SR.2a Rule SR.4b Example 7-86. Mctl Write to R0-R7 Use Rule A.1a Programming Guidelines COF destination cannot be a delay slotRule J.1 Rule J.2 Good Programming Practices Rules Not Detected Across COF BoundariesSource Code Practices Rule J.5 Binary Code Practices Software Development Practices Lpmark RulesLpmark Instruction Type Dynamic Programming Rules Static Programming RulesGeneral Grouping Rules Prefix Grouping Rules Loop LA Rules Loop Nesting Rules Lpmark Rule L.L.3 Lpmark Rule L.L.2Lpmark Rule L.L.5 Example 7-93. Active LCn Write at the End of Long Loops Lpmark Rule L.L.6 Loop Sequencing RulesLpmark Rule L.D.2 + L.D.3 Lpmark Rule L.D.6 Lpmark Rule L.C.2 Loop COF RulesCOF instructions are not allowed at LPB of a long loop Example 7-97. Active LCn Read at the Start of a Loop Example 7-99. Bc/Jc at the Start of a Loop Lpmark Rule L.C.3 + L.C.5Example 7-98. COF Instructions at LPB of a Long Loop Lpmark Rule L.C.10 Lpmark Rule L.C.9Example 7-100. Loop COF at End of Nested Long Loops Example 7-101. Subroutine Call to End of Loops Rule Detection Across Exception Boundaries Lpmark Programming GuidelinesGeneral Looping Rules Lpmark Rule L.C.1 Example 7-104. COF Destination to Loop Delay SlotsNOP Definition Is encoded as Grouping Examples Is assembler mapped to the IFF prefix and encoded as Is assembler mapped to the IFT prefix and encoded as Is encoded ignoring the NOP subgroup as NOP Definition Appendix a SC140 DSP Core Instruction Set Convention Definition ConventionsTable A-1. Instruction Conventions Table A-3. Register Abbreviations Table A-2. Operations SyntaxOperator Description Abbreviation Register Name Table A-4. Assembler Syntax Brackets as Isap indicatorsBrackets as address indicators Table A-5. Addressing Mode Notation for the EA Operand Addressing Mode NotationTable A-6. Addressing Mode Notation for the ea Operand Addressing Mode Definition Notation in Instruction Field Definition for the field is Data Representation in Memory for the ExamplesEncoding Notation Prefix Word Encoding Instruction Fields Instruction Formats and OpcodesAaa Ccc If true D0, D2, A0, if false D1, D3, A1 Example, 2-w prefix + 2 grouped instruction words, aaa =If true, all the set Prefix Words Cycles Type First execution set of the loop Last, or to last-1 ExampleHigh data register is used for the op3 field E3 is set High data register is used for the op1 field E2 is set DSP Core Instruction Set Instruction Sub-types Instruction Types Table A-7. Dalu Arithmetic Instructions MAC Table A-8. Dalu Logical Instructions BFU Table A-9. AGU Arithmetic Instructions Table A-11. AGU Stack Support Instructions Table A-10. AGU Move Instructions Table A-13. AGU Non-Loop Change-of-Flow Instructions Table A-12. AGU Bit-Mask Instructions BMU Table A-16. Prefix Instructions Table A-15. AGU Program Control Instructions Instruction Definition Layout InstInstructions ABS Instruction Single Source/Destination Data Register Add Long With Carry Dalu ADCDc + Dd + C → Dd ADC Dc,Dd Register/Memory Address Before Dc,Dd Data Register Pairs Add Dalu ADDOperation Assembler Syntax Add d0,d1,d2 Add d1,d0,d2 #u5 Da,DbDa,Da Data Register Pairs Add2 d0,d1 ADD2Add Two 16-Bit Values Dalu Single Source Data Register JJJ Add AGU AddaAdda #u5,Rx Adda #s16,rx,Rn Address Register Adda r0,r1 #s16 Rrrr AGU Source RegisterAGU Source/Destination Register Source Operand AGU ADDL1A Add With One-Bit Arithmetic Shift Left ADDL1AAddl1a r0,r1 Rx1 + Rx → Rx ADDL1A rx,Rx Addl2a r0,r1 ADDL2A Add With Two-Bit Arithmetic Shift Left ADDL2ARx2 + Rx → Rx ADDL2A rx,Rx ADDL2A rx,Rx Add Without Changing ADDNC.W ADDNC.WCarry Bit Dalu Addnc.w #$ca3e,d1,d2 Instruction Words Cycles Type Add and Round Dalu ADRAdr d3,d4 RndDa + Dn → Dn ADR Da,Dn #0u16,Da,Dn Bitwise and Dalu#u16$0000,Da,Dn Da,Dn #$ff2e0000,d2,d1 D2,d1#$0ff2e,d2,d1 #u16 #0u16#u16$0000 #u16 DR.L → DR.L #$a70e,d1.h#u16 DR.H → DR.H #u16,DR.L Cycles Type Opcode Data/Address Register AND.W #u16,SP-u5 AND.W #u16,RnAND.W #u16,a16 AND.W #u16,SP+s16 And.w #$54a1,r7 S16 A16 Asl d0,d1 ASLDa 1→ Dn ASL Da,Dn ASL Da,Dn Asl2a r0 ASL2ARx2 → Rx ASL2A Rx Asla r0 AslaRx1 → Rx Asla Rx Multiple-Bit Arithmetic Shift Left Dalu AsllAsll #u5,Dn Asll Da,Dn Asll d0,d1 Asll Word Arithmetic Shift Left 16 Bits Dalu Aslw AslwAslw d0,d1 Da16 → Dn Aslw Da,Dn Asr d5,d3 ASRDa1 → Dn ASR Da,Dn Register/Memory Address Before After Asra Rx AsraAsra r2 Multiple-Bit Arithmetic Shift Right Dalu Asrr Asrr d3,d5 Asrr #$3,d5 #u5 Asrw Da,Dn Asrw d5,d0 Asrw Da,Dn Branch If False AGU If T==0, then PC + displacement → PCBF lbl BF label Instruction Words Cycles1 Type Opcode Displacement label BFD BFD Branch If False Using a Delay Slot AGU OperationBFD lbl BFD label Label Displacement ~C1.Hi → C1.Hi i denotes bits=1 in #u16 Bmchg~C1.Li → C1.Li ~DR.Hi → DR.Hi Control Registers Bmchg #$f0f0,d1.hClears the Ln bit in the destination data register Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii 16-bit unsigned immediate data Bit-Masked Change a BMCHG.W BMCHG.W #u16,SP-u5 Bmchg.w #$661f,$800c Bit signed SP address offset Bmclr #u16,C1.H Bmclr Bit-Masked Clear a 16-Bit Operand BMU Bmclr OperationBmclr #u16,C1.L Bmclr #u16,DR.H Bmclr #$b646,d7.l #u16 Bit Operand in Memory BMU Operation Assembler Syntax BMCLR.WBit-Masked Clear a BMCLR.W #u16,SP-u5 Bmset #u16,C1.L Bmset #u16,C1.HBmset #u16,DR.H Bmset #u16,DR.L Bmset #$2436,d1.l Bit Operand in Memory BMU BMSET.W $800C Bmset.w #$f111,$800cRegister/Memory Address Before Immediate Bmtset #$111f,d1.l BmtsetBmtset #u16,DR.H Bmtset #u16,DR.L Bmtset #$4238,d4.l Bit-Masked Test and Set a BMTSET.W BMTSET.W Bmtset.w #$4328,$c BMTSET.W #u16,SP-u5 Bmtstc #$8a59,d7.h Bmtstc $0$0024A60000 $00E40000 BMTSTC.W #u16,SP-u5 BMTSTC.WBMTSTC.W #u16,SP+s16 BMTSTC.W #u16,Rn Bmtstc.w #$8A59,r0 BMTSTC.W #u16,SP-u5 Bmtsts #u16,C1.L BmtstsBmtsts #u16,DR.H Bmtsts #u16,DR.L Bmtsts #$24a6,d7.h BMTSTS.W #u16,SP-u5 BMTSTS.WBMTSTS.W #u16,SP+s16 BMTSTS.W #u16,Rn Bmtsts.w #$0428,r0 BMTSTS.W #u16,SP-u5 BRA PC + displacement → PCBranch AGU BRA label AAAAAAAAAA0 Source Code Comments BradBrad label $0000 000A $0000 000E Break PC + displacement → PCBreak label → LFn Encoding is the displacement with bit Branch to Subroutine AGU BSRStatus and Conditions Changed by Instruction None Example Bsr label BSR Bsrd label PC + displacement → PC, next* PC→RASNext* PC → SP SR → SP + 4 SP + 8 → SP Bsrd label Branch If True AGU If T==1, then PC + displacement → PCBT lbl BT label Register/Memory Address Before BT After BTD BTD Branch If True Using a Delay Slot AGU OperationBTD lbl BTD label $0035 $0000 $0006 $002A $001A $0016 Count Leading Bits Dalu CLBClb d3,d7 CLB Da,Dn CLB Da,Dn Clear a Data Register Dalu CLRClr d1 → Dn Source Data Register Destination Data Register Compare for Equal Dalu CmpeqCmpeq d2,d3 If Da == Dn, then 1→ T, else 0 → T 118 CMPEQ.W Compare for Equal Dalu CMPEQ.WCmpeq.w #$5,d3 CMPEQ.W #u5,Dn CMPEQ.W Cmpeqa r1,r2 Cmpeqa Compare for Equal AGU Cmpeqa OperationIf rx == Rx, then 1 → T, else 0 → T Cmpeqa rx,Rx Cmpeqa rx,Rx Compare for Greater Than Dalu CmpgtCmpgt d2,d3 Dn Da → T 124 Cmpgt.w #$8002,d2 CMPGT.WCMPGT.W #u5,Dn CMPGT.W #s16,Dn CMPGT.W #u5,Dn Compare for Greater Than AGU Cmpgta CmpgtaCmpgta r2,r3 Rx rx → T Cmpgta rx,Rx Unsigned Compare for Higher Dalu Cmphi CmphiCmphi d1,d0 Cmphi Da,Dn 130 Unsigned Compare for Higher AGU Cmphia CmphiaCmphia r0,r1 Cmphia rx,Rx Cmphia rx,Rx Continue to the Next Loop Iteration AGU ContLabel Label Cycles1 Type Opcode Contd label Contd Cycles1 Type Debug Enter Debug Mode AGUDebug Debugev Signal a Debug Event AGU Debugev Decrement a Register AGU DecaDeca r0 Rx 1 → Rx Bit unsigned immediate data = 1, set by the assembler Deceq Dn Deceq d7Dn 1 → Dn if Dn==0, then 1→ T, else 0 → T 142 Deceqa r0 Deceqa Decrement and Set T If Equal Zero DeceqaRx 1 → Rx if Rx==0, then 1 → T, else 0 → T Deceqa Rx Deceqa Rx Example decge DecgeDn 1 → Dn Dn≥0 → T Decge Dn SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 145 Decgea r4 DecgeaRx 1 → Rx Rx ≥ 0 → T Decgea Rx Decgea Rx SR19 Set disable interrupt bit Determines execution working mode→ DI SR18Page Divide Iteration Dalu DIVIf Dn39 ⊕ Da39 = Then 2 * Dn + C + Da & $FF Ffff 0000 → Dn Div d2,d1 DIV Da,Dn Dmacss d2,d3,d5 DmacssDn16 + Dc.H * Dd.H → Dn Dc signed, Dd signed Dmacss Dc,Dd,Dn 1 1 Dmacsu d2,d3,d5 Dmacsu Multiply Signed By Unsigned and DmacsuAccumulate With Right Shifted Data Register Dalu 156 Doen2 d0 Do Enable Long Loop AGUDOENn #u6 DOENn #u16 #u6 Loop Identifier Doensh2 d0 Do Enable Short Loop AGU DOENSHnDOENSHn #u6 DOENSHn #u16 $00E4 $A0E4 Dosetup1 label Setup Long Loop DOSETUPnPC + displacement → SAn DOSETUPn label Encoding is the displacement with → DI SR19 Clears disable interrupt bit 164 Bitwise Exclusive or Dalu EOREor d4,d5 Da ⊕ Dn → Dn EOR Da,Dn EOR #u16,DR.H Eor #$5,d5.lEOR #u16,DR.L EOR #u16,DR.L EOR #u16,DR.H Bitwise Exclusive or on EOR.W Eor.w #$aaaa,r0 Extract Extract Signed Bit Field Dalu ExtractExtract #$c,#$e,d2,d4 Extract #U6,#u6,Db,Dn Jjj Single Source/Destination Data Register Extractu Extract Unsigned Bit Field ExtractuExtractu #$c,#$e,d2,d4 Extractu #U6,#u6,Db,Dn Extractu #U6,#u6,Da,Dn IADDNC.W #s16,Dn Iaddnc.w #$a002,d2 If T == Then execute group/subgroup Conditionally Execute a Group or Subgroup Prefix IFcElse treat as NOP If T == Then execute group/subgroup Else treat as NOP Execute group/subgroup unconditionally Ccc Conditional execution of the entire execution set Ift move.w #$ffff,d0 Illegal Illegal Imac d4,d5,d6 ImacDn ± Da.L * Db.L → Dn Imac ±Da,Db,Dn Accumulation Notation Imac -d4,d5,d6 182 Imaclhuu Da,Db,Dn Dn + Da.L * Db.H → Dn Imaclhuu Da,Db,Dn Integer Multiply Accumulate ImacusUnsigned By Signed Dalu Operation Assembler Syntax Imacus d3,d4,d0 $0002 x -64 $FFC0 -128 $FF80 +0 $0000 -128 $FF80 Integer Multiply Dalu ImpyDa.L * Db.L → Dn Impy Da,Db,Dn D1,D1 D3,D3 D5,D5 D7,D7 IMPY.W #s16,Dn Impy.w #$fffe,d3#s16 * Dn.L → Dn +16 Integer Multiply Upper Impyhluu ImpyhluuImpyhluu d4,d3,d0 Da.H * Db.L → Dn Impyhluu Da,Db,Dn Impysu d3,d5,d1 ImpysuImpysu Da,Db,Dn Register Bit Name Description Address Impysu Da,Db,Dn Impyuu Da,Db,Dn ImpyuuImpyuu d5,d3,d1 196 INC Increment a Data Register By One Dalu Operation INCInc d0 INC Dn Inc d15 INC.F Dn Inc.f d15Dn + $0000010000 → Dn INC.F Dn Increment Register AGU IncaInca r0 Rx + 1 → Rx Inca Rx Insert Bit Field Dalu InsertInsert #12,#22,d6,d7 Insert #U6,#u6,Db,Dn Insert #U6,#u6,Db,Dn JF lbl Jump If False AGUJF label JF Rn Bit absolute long address JFD Rn JFDJFD label $00E0 $00 0000 $0000 $00 0000 002A $00 0000 001A Jump AGU JMPJmp label JMP label JMP label Jmpd Jump Using a Delay Slot AGUExample jmpd lbl Jmpd label AaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA Jump to Subroutine AGU JSRJsr r6 JSR label Absolute long address Next* PC → RAS Rn → PC Example jsrd r6Jsrd label Jsrd Rn Jsrd label Jt r0 Jump If True AGUJT label JT Rn JT label JTD Jump If True Using Delay Slot AGUExample jtd r0 JTD label JTD label If LCn Then SAn → PC LPMARKx End-of-Loop Mark Prefix LPMARKx OperationLCn 1 → LCn Else next PC → PC → LFn If LCn Then SAn → PC LCn 1 → LCn Else next PC → PC → LFn → SLF Table A-17. Combinations of LPMARKx Use Status and Conditions that Affect Lpmark ExecutionLFn LCn Description Prefix Formats and Opcodes Status and Conditions Changed by Lpmark ExecutionInsertion of lpmarkb by assembler Instruction Disassembled Instruction Comments Multiple-Bit Bitwise Shift Left Dalu LsllLsll d4,d2 Lsll Da,Dn $00E4 $0$FF 8765 Bitwise Shift Right One Bit Dalu LSRLsr d4 Dn1 → Dn 0 → Dn39 Bitwise Shift Right By One Bit AGU LsraLsra r2 Rx1 → Rx 0 → Rx31 Multiple-Bit Bitwise Shift Right Dalu LsrrLsrr Da,Dn Lsrr #u5,Dn Before After Lsrr d4,d2 Bit unsigned immediate data Word Bitwise Shift Right Dalu LsrwLsrw d4,d2 Lsrw Da,Dn Lsrw Da,Dn Signed Fractional Multiply-Accumulate Dalu MACMac d4,d5,d6 MAC #s16,Da,Dn Mac #$1000,d5,d6 SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 235 Macr d4,d5,d6 MacrRndDn ± Da.H * Db.H → Dn Macr ±Da,Db,Dn 000 0000 0000 1000 $0008 Instruction Formats and Opcodes 238 Macsu d0,d1,d4 MacsuDn + Dc.H * Dd.L → Dn Macsu Dc,Dd,Dn 111 1111 1111 1111 $FFFF Instruction Formats and Opcodes Macus Dc,Dd,Dn MacusDn + Dc.L * Dd.H → Dn Macus Dc,Dd,Dn Fractional Multiply-Accumulate MacuuUnsigned By Unsigned Dalu Operation Assembler Syntax Macuu d2,d3,d1 Macuu Dc,Dd,Dn PC → trace buffer MarkPush the PC into the Trace Buffer AGU Mark Transfer Maximum Signed Value Dalu MAXMax d0,d4 If Dg Dh, then Dg → Dh Max2 d0,d4 MAX2If Dg.H Dh.H, then Dg.H → Dh.H If Dg.L Dh.L, then Dg.L → Dh.L 00 D0,D4 01 D1,D5 10 D2,D6 11 D3,D7 248 If Da.L Db.L, then 0 → VFn, Da.L → Db.L MAX2VITElse 1 → VFn MAX2VIT Da,Db Max2vit d4,d2 Maxm Dg,Dh Maxm Transfer Maximum Absolute Value Dalu Maxm OperationMaxm d2,d6 00 D0,D4 01 D1,D5 10 D2,D6 11 D3,D7 252 Transfer Minimum Signed Value Dalu MINMin d1,d5 MIN Dg,Dh Move Two Fractional Words from MOVE.2F MOVE.2FMemory to a Register Pair AGU Description MOVE.2F EA,DaDb DaDb Data Register Pairs Move.2l d0d1,r0 MOVE.2LDa,Db ↔ EA MOVE.2L DaDb,EA MOVE.2L EA,DaDb Read/Write Notation Move.2w d0d1,r0 MOVE.2WEA ↔ DaDb MOVE.2W EA,DaDb MOVE.2W DaDb,EA $FF Ffff AF44 Move Four Fractional Words from MOVE.4F MOVE.4FMemory to a Register Quad AGU EA → DaDbDcDd DaDbDcDd Data Register Quad Move.4f r0,d0d1d2d3 MOVE.4W EA,DaDbDcDd MOVE.4W DaDbDcDd,EA MOVE.4WEA ↔ DaDbDcDd Move.4w d0d1d2d3,r0 Byte Move AGU MOVE.B MOVE.B DR,ea Move.b d3,r7+$3MOVE.B SP+s15,DR MOVE.B DR,SP+s15 MOVE.B a16,DR S15 A32 To/from Memory AGU Operation Assembler Syntax MOVE.FMove Fractional Word MOVE.F Db,ea Move.f $54,d10MOVE.F SP+s15,Db MOVE.F #s16,Db MOVE.F a16,Db SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 271 Move Long Word AGU MOVE.L General Registers Cccc #u32 #s32 MOVE.L Da.EDb.E,SP+s15 MOVE.L SP+s15,De.E MOVE.L SP+s15,Do.E Move.l d0.ed1.e,$1224MOVE.L a32,De.E MOVE.L Da.EDb.E,a32 Da.EDb.E ff Data Register Extension Pair Data Register 278 Move Long AGU MOVE.L a16,C4 MOVE.L C4,a16 MOVE.L a32,DR MOVE.L DR,a32MOVE.L Rn+u3,DR MOVE.L DR,Rn+u3 MOVE.L Rn+s15,DR MOVE.L DR,Rn+s15 MOVE.L SP+s15,C4 MOVE.L C4,SP+s15 Move.l d0,r0 MOVE.L EA,DR MOVE.L DR,EA Read/Write Notation Rrr Address Register Unsigned 3-bit offset MOVE.W #s16,C4 MOVE.W #s7,DRMOVE.W #s16,a16 MOVE.W #s16,SP-u5 Move.w #$0050,r7 MOVE.W #s7,DR MOVE.W #s16,C4 Sa16 #s7 Move Integer Word AGU MOVE.WMOVE.W a32,DR MOVE.W DR,a32 MOVE.W a16,C4 MOVE.W C4,a16 MOVE.W Rn+s15,DR MOVE.W DR,Rn+s15 MOVE.W Rn+u3,DR MOVE.W DR,Rn+u3MOVE.W Rn+Rr,DR MOVE.W DR,Rn+Rr MOVE.W Rn,C3 MOVE.W C3,Rn Move.w d1,r7+4 MOVE.W a32,DR MOVE.W DR,a32 Write Sss0 Movet r0,r1 MOVEc Conditional Address Register Move AGU MOVEc OperationMovet Rq,Rn Movef Rq,Rn Qqq Address Register MOVES.2F DaDb,EA MOVES.2F Move Two Fractional Words to MOVES.2FDaDb → EA $7FFF $7EAC MOVES.4F DaDbDcDd,EA Moves.4f d0d1d2d3,r0DaDbDcDd → EA $7FFF Move Fractional Word to MOVES.F Moves.f d0,r0 MOVES.F Db,a16 304 Move Long to MOVES.LMemory With Scaling and Saturation AGU Operation Moves.l d0,r0 MOVES.L Db,EA Memory AGU Operation Assembler Syntax MOVEU.BMove Unsigned Byte from Moveu.b $0053,d10 MOVEU.B a16,DR 310 Moveu.l #$fffffff8,d3 MOVEU.L#u32 → Db MOVEU.L #u32,Db 31IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII16 #u16 → Db3116 Moveu.w #$2345,d10.l#u16 → Db150 MOVEU.W #u16,Db.H Iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Bit unsigned immediate data #u16 Memory to a Register AGU Operation MOVEU.WMove Unsigned Word from Moveu.w r7+2,d10 MOVEU.W a16,C4 318 Mpy d4,d5,d6 MPYDa.H * Db.H → Dn MPY Da,Db,Dn Mpy d6,d6,d7 SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 321 Mpyr d4,d5,d6 MpyrRndDa.H * Db.H → Dn Mpyr Da,Db,Dn Register/Memory Address Before After L6D6 $0000 324 Mpysu d4,d5,d6 MpysuDc.H * Dd.L → Dn Mpysu Dc,Dd,Dn 326 Mpyus Dc,Dd,Dn MpyusDc.L * Dd.H → Dn 328 Mpyuu d4,d5,d6 MpyuuDc.L * Dd.L → Dn Mpyuu Dc,Dd,Dn 330 Negate Dalu NEGNeg d3 NEG Dn NEG Dn No Operation Prefix NOPNo operation Nop Bitwise Complement Dalu NotNot d4,d5 ~Da → Dn SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 335 ~DR.L → DR.L Binary Inversion of a 16-Bit Operand BMUNot D0.L Not DR.L Memory BMU Operation Assembler Syntax NOT.WBinary Inversion of a 16-Bit Operand Not.w r1 Example or d3,d0 Bitwise Inclusive or DaluDa Dn → Dn Or Da,Dn SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 341 #u16 DR.L → DR.L Or #$0f0a,d0.l#u16 DR.H → DR.H Or #u16,DR.L Or #u16,DR.L Or #u16,DR.H OR.W #u16,SP-u5 OR.W #u16,RnOR.W #u16,SP+s16 OR.W #u16,a16 OR.W #u16,Rn Or.w #$f01a,r1 346 SP 4 → Do SP 8 → SP SP 8 → De SP 8 → SPPOP De POP Do Pop d3 Extension Pairs, Even Registers, and Loop Start Registers Eeeee NSP 4 → Do NSP 8 → ΝSP NSP 8 → De NSP 8 → ΝSP Popn Do Popn d6.ed7.ePopn De 352 Do → SP + 4 SP + 8 → SP De → SP SP + 8 → SPPush De Push Do Push d0.ed1.e SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 355 Do → NSP + 4 NSP + 8 → ΝSP De → NSP NSP + 8 → ΝSPPushn De Pushn Do Pushn d0.ed1.e Pushn De Pushn Do Round Dalu RNDRndDa → Dn RND Da,Dn Rnd d2,d1 Rnd d1,d5 RND Da,Dn Dn3801 → Dn391 Rol d5Dn39 → C → Dn0 ROL Dn ROL Dn Dn39-11 → Dn38-0 Ror d15→ Dn39 Dn0 → C ROR Dn ROR Dn SP 4 → SR SP 8 → SP → Nmid RTESP 8 → PC Instruction Words Cycles1 Type Rte Rted Trap Example rted Return From Subroutine AGU RTSRts If RAS valid, then RAS → PC RTS Rtsd Rtsd Rtsd Rtstk Restore PC from Stack AGUCleared Register Address Bit Name Description EMR3 Example rtstk SP 8 → SP RtstkdSP 8 → PC Example rtstkd Sat.f d2,d3 SAT.FIf Da $007FFFFFFF then $007FFF0000 → Dn SAT.F Da,Dn SAT.F Da,Dn SAT.L Dn SAT.LSat.l d6 SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 381 Subtract With Borrow Dalu SBCDb Dc C → Dd SBC Dc,Dd SBC Dc,Dd Subtract And Round Dalu SBRSbr d3,d0 RndDn Da → Dn 0010 1010 1110 0111 0000 0000 1000$2AE7 Skipls If LCn ≤ Then PC + displacement → PC Skipls label → LFnSkipls label Skipls label Skipls label Enter the stop processing state StopStop Stop Instruction Processing AGU Operation Subtract Dalu SUBSub d1,d0,d2 SUB #u5,Dn Sub d0,d1,d2 SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 391 Sub2 d0,d1 SUB2Subtract Two 16-Bit Values Dalu SUB2 Da,Dn Subtract AGU SubaSuba r1,r0 Suba #u5,Rx Suba Shift Left and Subtract Dalu SublSubl d0,d1 Dn Da → Dn $0$FF Ffff Fffe Subnc.w #$15,d0 SUBNC.WDn #s16 → Dn SUBNC.W #s16,Dn SUBNC.W #s16,Dn Sxt.w d3,d2 Sign-Extension DaluSxt.b d3,d0 Sxt.l d3 Sxta.w r3 Sign-Extension AGUSxta.b r3,r1 SXTA.B Transfer Data Register to Data Register Dalu TFRTfr d15,d14 Tfr d7,d6 TFR Da,Dn Tfra r0,r1 TfraRx → Rx Tfra rx,Rx SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual 407 If Srexp = Then NSP → Rn To/from a Register AGUElse ESP → Rn If Srexp = Then Rn → NSP Else Rn → ESP Tfra r0,osp If T=1, then Da → Dn Tfrt d14,d15If T=0, then Da → Dn Tfrt Da, Dn Tfrt TRAPn Trap Execute a Software Exception AGU Trap Operation Trap Test for Equal to Zero Dalu TsteqTsteq d1 If Dn == 0, then 1 → T, else 0 → T Tsteqa.w r4 TSTEQA.x Test for Equal to Zero AGU TSTEQA.x OperationTsteqa.l r1 TSTEQA.W Rx TSTEQA.W TSTEQA.L Test for Greater Than Or Equal to Zero Dalu TstgeTstge d4 If Dn = 0, then 1 → T, else 0 → T TESTGEA.L Rx Tstgea.l r7If Rx ≥ 0, then 1 → T, else 0 → T TSTGEA.L Rx Tstgt d6 Tstgt Test for Greater Than Zero Dalu Tstgt OperationIf Dn 0, then 1 → T, else 0 → Τ Tstgt Dn Tstgta r2 Tstgta Test for Greater Than Zero AGU Tstgta OperationIf Rx 0, then 1 → T, else 0 → Τ Tstgta Rx Little Endian Mode Word Big Endian ModeVSL Viterbi Shift Left Move AGU VSL.4F D2D6D1D3,Rn+N0 VSL.4W D2D6D1D3,Rn+N0VSL.2W D1D3,Rn+N0 VSL.2F D1D3,Rn+N0 After Big Endian Vsl.2w d1d3,r0+n0After Little Endian VSL.4W Wait Enters the low-power standby Wait processingState Response Wait Zxt.w d3,d6 Zero Extension DaluZxt.b d2,d5 Zxt.l d0 Zxta.w r4 Zero Extension AGUZxta.b r3,n2 ZXTA.B ZXTA.x 432 Appendix B StarCore Registry Using the StarCore Registry Set Version SoC / platform Table B-1. Scid AssignmentsHex Bits Instruction Cores Example Index Ecnten Eeddef Eselctrl 4-26ESELDI 4-26ESELDM 4-26ESELDTB 4-26 Eseletb MOVES.F A-299 MOVES.L A-301 MOVEU.B A-307 Macsu A-239 Macus A-241 Macuu A-243 Mpysu A-325 Mpyus A-327 Mpyuu A-329 Rtstk A-374 Index Index SC140 DSP Core Reference Manual