Cortex-R4 and Cortex-R4F
 Copyright 2009 ARM Limited. All rights reserved
Cortex-R4 and Cortex-R4F
Technical Reference Manual
 Cortex-R4 and Cortex-R4F Technical Reference Manual
Chapter Introduction
 Chapter Processor Initialization, Resets, and Clocking
 Chapter AC Characteristics
 Appendix B ECC Schemes
 List of Tables
 Adfsr and Aifsr bit functions
 Dirty register format, with ECC
 11-12
 Example interlocks 14-11
 Table A-18 FPU signals Table C-1
 List of Figures
 Cache operations C7 format for Set and Way
 Vector Catch Register format 11-20
 Preface
Feedback on
 Product revision status
Using this book
About this book
Identifies the major revision of the product
 Conventions
Typographical
 Timing diagrams
Signals
 ARM publications
Further reading
This section lists publications by ARM and by third parties
Other publications
 Feedback on this product
Feedback
ARM welcomes feedback on this product and its documentation
Feedback on this book
 Introduction
 About the processor
 About the architecture
 Debug on
Components of the processor
This section describes the main components of the processor
System control coprocessor on Interrupt handling on
 Load/store unit
Data Processing Unit
Floating Point Unit
Prefetch unit
 TCM interfaces
Instruction and data caches
Memory Protection Unit
 AXI master interface
Error correction and detection
5 L2 AXI interfaces
AXI slave interface
 ETM interface
Debug
System performance monitoring
Real-time debug facilities
 VIC port
System control coprocessor
Interrupt handling
Low interrupt latency
 Return from exception using data from the stack
Changes
 APB Debug interface ETM interface Test interface
Processor has the following interfaces for external access
External interfaces of the processor
APB Debug interface
 Standby mode
Power management
Run mode
Shutdown mode
 Atcm
Configurable options
Configurable options
 FPU includeda
Btcm
VFP
MPU
 B0TCMPCEN
Configurable options at reset Feature Options Register
Atcmpcen
B1TCMPCEN
 B1TCMECEN
Atcmecen
B0TCMECEN
Atcmrmw
 Instruction decode
Execution pipeline stages
Names of the pipeline stages and their functions are
 Execute stages
First stage of data memory access
Iss
Write-back of data from the execution pipelines
 Redundant core comparison
 Test features
 Design flow
Product documentation, design flow, and architecture
Documentation
 Software configuration
Build configuration
Configuration inputs
Architectural information
 Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture protocol
 Product revision information
Processor identification
 Variant field, Debug ID Register
Variant field, Main ID Register
Revision field, Main ID Register
Revision field, Debug ID Register
 Program status registers on
Programmer’s Model
Registers on
Exceptions on
 About the programmer’s model
 ARM state
Switching state
Instruction set states
Thumb state
 Operating modes
 Data types
 Byte-invariant big-endian format
Memory formats
Byte-invariantbig-endian format Little-endian format
Little-endian format
 Registers
Register set
 Register mode identifiers Mode Mode identifier
 General registers and program counter
 Program status registers
N, Z, C, and V bits
 Q bit
IT bits
 GE bits
J bit
DNM bits
 I and F bits
E bit
A bit
Non-maskable fast interrupts on
 M bits
PSR mode bit values
M40 Mode Visible state registers Thumb
Modification of PSR bits by MSR instructions
 ARM DDI 0363E
 Exception entry and exit summary
Reset on Interrupts on Aborts on
Exceptions
Exception entry and exit summary
 Taking an exception
Leaving an exception
 Interrupt request
Reset
Interrupts
 Non-maskable fast interrupts
Fast interrupt request
Program status registers on Non-maskable fast interrupts
 Interrupt entry flowchart
Interrupt controller
 Interrupt entry sequence
 Data aborts
Aborts
Prefetch aborts
Precise aborts
 Imprecise aborts
Aborts in Strongly Ordered and Device memory
 Abort handler
Supervisor call instruction
 Undefined instruction
Breakpoint instruction
 Exception vectors
 Acceleration of execution environments
 Unaligned and mixed-endian data access support
Architecture Reference Manual
 Big-endian instruction support
 Reset modes on
Processor Initialization, Resets, and Clocking
Resets on
Initialization on
 1 MPU
Initialization
Caches on TCM on
2 CRS
 Preloading TCMs
Caches
5 TCM
 Preloading TCMs with parity or ECC
DMA into TCM
Write to TCM directly from debugger
 Using TCMs from reset
 PRESETDBGn
Resets
NRESET
NSYSPORESET
 Reset modes
Power-on reset
 Halt operation
Processor reset
Normal operation
 AXI interface clocking
Clocking
AXI interface clocking Clock gating
Clock gating
 System Control Coprocessor
 About the system control coprocessor
System control coprocessor functional groups
 Fcse PID
System control coprocessor register functions
Function Register/operation Reference to description
 TCM control TCM Status
System control and configuration
Configuration Region
System performance Performance monitoring
 MPU control and configuration
Cache control and configuration
 TCM control and configuration
System performance monitor
 System validation
System performance monitor registers
 ARM DDI 0363E
 RAZ
System control coprocessor registers
Register allocation
 Control Undefined MPU Memory Region Read/write
Enable Undefined MPU Region Access Read/write
Undefined MPU Region Size Read/write
Number
 ARM DDI 0363E
 Count Undefined
Undefined C3-c11 C12 Performance Monitor Read/write
Event Select Read/write Unpredictable Performance Monitor
 RAZ,ignore
C14 User Enable Read/write
Undefined C1-c15 C12 C0-c15 C13
Writes Context ID Read/write
 2 c0, Main ID Register
7shows the arrangement of bits in the register
 Bits Field Function
3 c0, Cache Type Register
Main ID Register bit functions
 Cache Type Register bit functions Bits Field Function
To access the Cache Type Register, read CP15 with
4 c0, TCM Type Register
TCM Type Register bit functions Bits Field Function
 5 c0, MPU Type Register
To access the TCM Type Register, read CP15 with
To access the MPU Type Register, read CP15 with
TCM Type Register bit functions
 6 c0, Multiprocessor ID Register
Processor Feature Registers
C0, Processor Feature Register 0, PFR0
 Processor Feature Register 0 bit functions
To access the Processor Feature Register 0 read CP15 with
C0, Processor Feature Register 1, PFR1
Processor Feature Register 1 bit functions
 Debug Feature Register 0 bit functions
To access the Processor Feature Register 1 read CP15 with
8 c0, Debug Feature Register
3124 Reserved
 Memory Model Feature Registers
To access the Debug Feature Register 0 read CP15 with
9 c0, Auxiliary Feature Register
C0, Memory Model Feature Register 0, MMFR0
 C0, Memory Model Feature Register 1, MMFR1
10 Memory Model Feature Register 0 bit functions
 16 Memory Model Feature Register 1 format
11 Memory Model Feature Register 1 bit functions
 DMB
C0, Memory Model Feature Register 2, MMFR2
WFI
 3112 Reserved
C0, Memory Model Feature Register 3, MMFR3
13 Memory Model Feature Register 3 bit functions
 14 Instruction Set Attributes Register 0 bit functions
Instruction Set Attributes Registers
C0, Instruction Set Attributes Register 0, ISAR0
 C0, Instruction Set Attributes Register 1, ISAR1
20 Instruction Set Attributes Register 1 format
 Indicates support for if then instructions
C0, Instruction Set Attributes Register 2, ISAR2
ITE
 Indicates support for PSR instructions
16 Instruction Set Attributes Register 2 bit functions
PSR
 Thumb instruction sets
C0, Instruction Set Attributes Register 3, ISAR3
17 Instruction Set Attributes Register 3 bit functions
 C0, Instruction Set Attributes Register 4, ISAR4
23 Instruction Set Attributes Register 4 format
 18 Instruction Set Attributes Register 4 bit functions
C0, Instruction Set Attributes Registers
12 c0, Current Cache Size Identification Register
 4KB
8KB
 13 c0, Current Cache Level ID Register
3130 Reserved
 14 c0, Cache Size Selection Register
15 c1, System Control Register
 TRE
23 System Control Register bit functions
AFE
Nmfi
 = data caching enabled
Enables L1 data cache
= data caching disabled. This is the reset value
= strict alignment fault checking enabled
 24 Auxiliary Control Register bit functions
Auxiliary Control Registers
C1, Auxiliary Control Register
 Dilsm
Axiscen
Axiscuen
Deolp
 Dlfo
Rsdis
Dbwr
Dnch
 C15, Secondary Auxiliary Control Register
 25 Secondary Auxiliary Control Register bit functions
 OFC
Doofmacs
IXC
UFC
 Primary input RMWENRAM0 defines the reset value
17 c1, Coprocessor Access Register
Primary input RMWENRAM1 defines the reset value
Atcmecc
 All other encodings for these FSR bits are Reserved
Fault Status and Address Registers
C5, Data Fault Status Register
 To use the Dfsr read or write CP15 with
C5, Instruction Fault Status Register
28 Data Fault Status Register bit functions
 There are two auxiliary fault status registers
To access the Ifsr read or write CP15 with
C5, Auxiliary Fault Status Registers
29 Instruction Fault Status Register bit functions
 = Atcm
C6, Data Fault Address Register
30 Adfsr and Aifsr bit functions
= Btcm
 C6, Instruction Fault Address Register
19 c6, MPU memory region programming registers
 C6, MPU Region Size and Enable Registers
C6, MPU Region Base Address Registers
 32 Region Size Register bit functions
C6, MPU Region Access Control Registers
158 Sub-region disable
 33 MPU Region Access Control Register bit functions
TEX
 UNP
34 Access data permission bit encoding
C6, MPU Memory Region Number Register
35 MPU Memory Region Number Register bit functions
 Point of Unification PoU
Cache operations
Point of Coherency PoC
 Invalidate and clean operations
Set and Way format
 36 Functional bits of c7 for Set and Way
37shows the cache sizes and the resultant bit range for Set
Address format
37 Widths of the set field for L1 cache sizes Size Set
 21 c9, Btcm Region Register
Data Synchronization Barrier operation
Data Memory Barrier operation
38 Functional bits of c7 for address format Bits Field
 39 Btcm Region Register bit functions
To access the Btcm Region Register, read or write CP15 with
22 c9, Atcm Region Register
 24 c11, Slave Port Control Register
To access the Atcm Region Register, read or write CP15 with
23 c9, TCM Selection Register
40 Atcm Region Register bit functions
 312 Reserved
25 c13, Fcse PID Register
26 c13, Context ID Register
RAZ/UNP
 27 c13, Thread and Process ID Registers
 Ccnt overflow IRQ request
C15, nVAL IRQ Enable Set Register
Validation Registers
 C15, nVAL FIQ Enable Set Register
Ccnt overflow FIQ request
 Ccnt overflow reset request
C15, nVAL Reset Enable Set Register
C15, nVAL Debug Request Enable Set Register
 C15, nVAL IRQ Enable Clear Register
Ccnt overflow debug request
 C15, nVAL FIQ Enable Clear Register
48 nVAL IRQ Enable Clear Register format
 C15, nVAL Reset Enable Clear Register
303 Reserved UNP or Sbzp
 C15, nVAL Debug Request Enable Clear Register
51 nVAL Debug Request Enable Clear Register format
 318 Reserved
C15, nVAL Cache Size Override Register
50 nVAL Cache Size Override Register
B0000 4kB B0001 8kB B0011 16kB B0111 32kB B1111 64kB
 Correctable Fault Location Register
53 Correctable Fault Location Register cache
 52 Correctable Fault Location Register cache
 C15, Build Options 1 Register
To access the Build Options 1 Register, write CP15 with
Build Options Registers
C15, Build Options 2 Register
 Nodcache
55 Build Options 2 Register
Noicache
Atcmes
 Nofpu
Btcmes
Noie
Nompu
 Dcachees
To access the Build Options 2 Register, write CP15 with
Noharderrorcach
Axibusparity
 Prefetch Unit
 About the prefetch unit
 Branch prediction
Disabling program flow prediction
 Incorrect predictions and correction
Configuring the branch predictor
Branch predictor
 Return stack
 Events and Performance Monitor
 Event bus interface bit functions
Bit position Update Value
About the events
Event
 ETMEXTOUT0
ETMEXTOUT1
 But with different attributes Dual issue case a branch
Non-cacheable access on AXI master bus
Instruction cache access
Dual issue case B1, B2, F2 load/store, F2D
 TCM correctable ECC error reported by load/store unit Yes
TCM correctable ECC error reported by prefetch unit Yes
 About the PMU
 1 c9, Performance Monitor Control Register
Performance monitoring registers
Performance monitoring registers are described
2shows how the bit values correspond with the Pmnc Register
 2 c9, Count Enable Set Register
Pmnc Register bit functions
 Cntens Register bit functions Bits Field Function
To access the Cntens Register, read or write CP15 with
3 c9, Count Enable Clear Register
 4 c9, Overflow Flag Status Register
To access the Cntenc Register, read or write CP15 with
Cycle counter enable clear
Cntenc Register bit functions Bits Field Function
 5 c9, Software Increment Register
To access the Flag Register, read or write CP15 with
5shows how the bit values correspond with the Flag Register
 Swincr Register bit functions Bits Field Function
To access the Swincr Register, read or write CP15 with
6 c9, Performance Counter Selection Register
313 Reserved RAZ on reads, Sbzp on writes Increment Counter
 SEL
7 c9, Cycle Count Register
8 c9, Event Selection Register
 To access the EVTSELx Register, read or write CP15 with
EVTSELx Register bit functions
 Useren Register bit functions
10 c9, User Enable Register
9 c9, Performance Monitor Count Registers
 10 Intens Register bit functions Bits Field Function
11 c9, Interrupt Enable Set Register
Ccnt overflow interrupt enable
 11 Intenc Register bit functions Bits Field Function
12 c9, Interrupt Enable Clear Register
Ccnt overflow interrupt enable bit
 To access the Intenc Register, read or write CP15 with
 Event bus interface
Use of the event bus and counters
 Memory Protection Unit
MPU faults on
MPU software-accessible registers on
 True
Default memory map
About the MPU
 Region size
Memory regions
Region base address
Subregions
 Overlapping regions
Region access permissions
Region attributes
Region
 Example of using regions that overlap
Example of using subregions
 Background regions
TCM regions
 Using memory types
Memory types
 ARM DDI 0363E
 Region attributes
TEX20, C, and B encodings Description Memory Type Shareable?
 Cacheable memory policies
1BB
 Following code is an example of disabling the MPU
On page 7-2shows the default memory map
MPU interaction with memory system
 Background fault
MPU faults
Background fault Permission fault Alignment fault
Permission fault
 MPU software-accessible registers
On page 4-5shows the CP15 registers that control the MPU
 Level One Memory System
 About the L1 memory system
 L1 memory system block diagram
 Parity
About the error detection and correction schemes
Parity Bit ECC on
 Bit ECC
Error checking and correction
Hard errors
Read-Modify-Write
 Correct-and-retry
Error correction
Correct inline
 Classes of fault that can occur are
Fault handling
Faults
MPU faults
 TCM external faults
External faults
Cache and TCM parity and ECC errors
 Precise and imprecise aborts
Fault status information
Debug events
Abort exceptions
 Usage models
Precise abort exceptions
Imprecise abort exceptions
 AXI
Correctable errors
Types of aborts Conditions Source Precise Fatal
 ARM DDI 0363E
 About the TCMs
TCM attributes and permissions
 Handling TCM parity errors on Handling TCM ECC errors on
Atcm and Btcm configuration
TCM internal error detection and correction
 TCM arbitration
Handling TCM parity errors
Handling TCM ECC errors
 TCM port protocol
External TCM errors
TCM initialization
 AXI slave interfaces for TCMs
 About the caches
Store buffer
 Store buffer behavior
Cache maintenance operations
Store buffer merging
Store buffer draining
 Cache error detection and correction
Error build options
 Cache parity error behavior Value Behavior
Address decoder faults
Handling cache parity errors
 Handling cache ECC errors
Cache ECC error behavior Value Behavior
 Errors on data cache write
Errors on instruction cache read
Errors on data cache read
Errors on evictions
 Invalidate all instruction cache
 Clean data cache by set/way
 Dirty RAM on Data RAM on
Cache RAM organization
Tag RAM
Tag RAM
 Cache sizes and tag RAM organization Tag RAM organization
Dirty RAM
Data RAM
Organization of a dirty RAM line
 Nonsequential read operation performed with one RAM access
 Data RAM sizes without parity or ECC implemented
 13 Data cache RAM bits, with parity Description
 Following code is an example of enabling caches
Cache interaction with memory system
Disabling or enabling all of the caches
15 Data cache data RAM sizes with ECC Cache size Data RAMs
 Disabling or enabling data cache
Disabling or enabling error checking
Disabling or enabling instruction cache
 MCR p15 R0, c1 Write System Control Register
 Internal exclusive monitor
 Memory types and L1 memory system behavior
 Instruction-cache error events
Error detection events
TCM error events
Data-cache error events
 ARM DDI 0363E
 Level Two Interface
 About the L2 interface
 Attribute Value Comments
AXI master interface
1shows the AXI master interface attributes
 Outstanding write accesses with the same ID
Identifiers for AXI bus accesses
Outstanding write/read access on different IDs
Write response
 Arcachem and Awcachem encodings Encoding a Meaning
Eviction buffer
Memory attributes
Aruserm and Awuserm encodings
 Memory system implications for AXI accesses
 Linefills on
AXI master interface transfers
Strongly Ordered and Device transactions on
 Non-cacheable Ldrb
Restrictions on AXI transfers
Strongly Ordered and Device transactions
Address20
 LDR or LDM that transfers one register
Ldrh from Strongly Ordered or Device memory Address30
 LDM that transfers five registers
LDM5, Strongly Ordered or Device memory Address40
 Strb to Strongly Ordered or Device memory Address40
Strh to Strongly Ordered or Device memory Address20
 First Wstrbm
STR or STM of one register
STM of seven registers
 Non-cacheable reads
Linefills
Cache line write-back eviction
 14 Ldrh from Non-cacheable Normal memory Address20
15 LDR or LDM1 from Non-cacheable Normal memory Address20
 Non-cacheable or write-through writes
 AXI transaction splitting
 Normal write merging
20 AXI transaction splitting, data in two cache lines
 Example 9-1 Write merging
 ARM DDI 0363E
 AXI slave interface
AXI slave interface for cache RAMs
 AXI slave control
TCM parity and ECC support
Cache parity and ECC support
 AXI slave characteristics
25 AXI slave interface attributes
 Enabling or disabling AXI slave accesses
 26 RAM region decode AxUSERS bit One-hot RAM select
Accessing RAMs using the AXI slave interface
TCM RAM access on Cache RAM access on
 27 TCM chip-select decode Btcm ports
TCM RAM access
ARADDRSMSB, see Table
RAM selected
 This section contains the following
Cache RAM access
Memory map when accessing the cache RAMs
 31 Cache data RAM bank/address decode Inputs ARADDRS1815
Data RAM access
0010 Bank 0100 1000
0001 Bank 0010 0100 1000
 34 Data format, instruction cache, with ECC
35 Data format, data cache, with ECC Data bit Description
 Tag RAM access
 ARM DDI 0363E
 Dirty RAM access
43 Dirty register format, with ECC Data bit Description
 Other examples of accessing cache RAMs
ARADDRS1815 = 4b1111
 Power Control
About power control on Power management on
 About power control
 Dormant mode
Run mode
Standby mode
Shutdown mode
 Communication to the Power Management Controller
 Debug
Debug state on Cache debug on
 Debug host
Debug systems
Debug host Protocol converter Debug target
Protocol converter
 Monitor debug-mode debugging
About the debug unit
Halting debug-mode debugging
Programming the debug unit
 All other state information associated with the debug unit
 Coprocessor registers
11.3.2 CP14 access permissions
Debug register interface
Coprocessor registers summary
 Instruction Mnemonic Description
Offset Register Access Mnemonic Description Hex Number
Memory-mapped registers
Debug memory-mapped registers
 Memory addresses for breakpoints and watchpoints
 APB port access permissions
Power domains
Effects of resets on debug registers
Privilege of memory access permission
 Other Debug registers
External debug interface access permissions Registers
Lock
Other registers
 6shows the CP14 debug register map
Accessing debug registers
Debug register descriptions
11.4.2 CP14 c0, Debug ID Register
 BRP
Debug ID Register functions
WRP
 To use the Debug ROM Address Register, read CP14 c0 with
To use the Debug ID Register, read CP14 c0 with
11.4.3 CP14 c0, Debug ROM Address Register
11.4.4 CP14 c0, Debug Self Address Offset Register
 Debug Self Address Offset Register format
Debug Self Address Offset Register functions
 11.4.5 CP14 c1, Debug Status and Control Register
10 Debug Status and Control Register functions
 Flag is set to 1 on entry to debug state
 ARM
Execute ARM instruction enable bit
= disabled, this is the reset value
 DTR access mode
MOE
 Data Transfer Register
 Vector Catch Register
Watchpoint Fault Address Register
12 Watchpoint Fault Address Register functions
Reserved RAZ
 SVC
 Instruction Transfer Register
Bits Field Reset Description Value
Debug State Cache Control Register
14 Debug State Cache Control Register functions
 315 Reserved
Debug Run Control Register
15 Debug Run Control Register functions
 Breakpoint Value Registers
Breakpoint Control Registers
 17 Breakpoint Control Registers functions
 18 Meaning of BVR bits
+0 is accessed
Corresponding instruction address breakpoint
BVR2220 Meaning
 19 Watchpoint Value Registers functions Bits Description
Watchpoint Value Registers
Watchpoint Control Registers
 11 Watchpoint Control Registers format
20 Watchpoint Control Registers functions
 Accessed
Operating System Lock Status Register
 Authentication Status Register
21 OS Lock Status Register functions
 = Dbgnopwrdwn is LOW. This is the reset value
Device Power-down and Reset Control Register
Device Power-down and Reset Status Register
23 Prcr functions
 15 Prsr format
24 Prsr functions
 Management registers
Processor ID Registers
 27 Claim Tag Set Register functions Bits Field Function
Claim Registers
Claim Tag Set Register
 Claim Tag Clear Register
Lock Access Register
318 Reserved RAZ or Sbzp Claim tag clear Reset value is
Lock Status Register
 30 Device Type Register functions
Device Type Register
Debug Identification Registers
 33 Peripheral ID Register 0 functions
32 Fields in the Peripheral Identification Registers
Field Size Description
Bits Value Description
 36 Peripheral ID Register 3 functions
34 Peripheral ID Register 1 functions
35 Peripheral ID Register 2 functions
37 Peripheral ID Register 4 functions
 1021
1020
Component Identification Register
1022
 Debug events
Software debug event
 Debug event priority
Halting debug event
Behavior of the processor on debug events
Watchpoint debug events
 Debug exception
 Effect of debug exceptions on CP15 registers and Wfar
40shows the values in the link register after exceptions
Following sections describe
Four CP15 registers that record abort information are
 Avoiding unrecoverable states
 Entering debug state
Debug state
Privilege on
41 Read PC value after debug state entry
 Behavior of the PC and Cpsr in debug state
41 Read PC value after debug state entry Debug event
 Writing to the Cpsr in debug state
Accessing registers and memory
Executing instructions in debug state
Privilege
 Effects of debug events on processor registers
Coprocessor instructions
Effect of debug state on non-invasive debug
Exceptions in debug state
 Imprecise Data Aborts on entry and exit from debug state
Precise Data abort
Imprecise Data Abort
Leaving debug state
 Sets the DSCR1 core restarted flag to
 Cache pollution in debug state
Cache debug
This section describes cache debug. It consists
Cache coherency in debug state
 This section describes the miscellaneous debug signals
APB signals
Miscellaneous debug signals
External debug interface
 42 Authentication signal restrictions Dbgen a
Authentication signals
Changing the authentication signals
Non-invasive debug permitted
 Issue an Instruction Synchronization Barrier ISB instruction
 Using the debug functionality
Example 11-1 Executing an ARM instruction through the ITR
 Rules for accessing the DCC
Debug communications channel
 Example 11-5shows the code for host-to-target data transfer
Software access to the DCC
Debugger access to the DCC
Example 11-4 Target to host data transfer host end
 Programming simple breakpoints and the byte address select
Programming breakpoints and watchpoints
This section describes the following operations
Example 11-6 Polling the DCC host end
 Setting a simple aligned watchpoint
Example 11-7 Setting a simple breakpoint
 Setting a simple unaligned watchpoint
Example 11-8 Setting a simple aligned watchpoint
 Single-stepping
Example 11-9 Setting a simple unaligned watchpoint
45shows some examples
Not required
 Example 11-11 Entering debug state
Debug state entry
Example 11-10 Single-stepping off an instruction
 Debug state exit
Example 11-12 Leaving debug state
 Reading and writing registers through the DCC
Accessing registers and memory in debug state
This section describes the following
Example 11-13 Reading an ARM register
 Reading the Cpsr in debug state
Reading the PC in debug state
Example 11-15shows the code to read the PC
Example 11-16shows the code for reading the Cpsr
 Example 11-18shows the code for reading a byte of memory
Example 11-19 Checking for an abort after memory access
Reading memory
Example 11-17 Writing the Cpsr
 Example 11-20 Reading a block of bytes of memory
Example 11-21 Reading a word of memory
 Example 11-24 Writing registers in stall mode
Example 11-22 Changing the DTR access mode
Example 11-23 Reading registers in stall mode
Fast register read/write
 Fast memory read/write
Example 11-25 Reading a block of words of memory
 Accessing coprocessor registers
Example 11-27 Reading a coprocessor register
 11-70
 Emulating power down
Debugging systems with energy management capabilities
 11-72
 FPU Programmer’s Model
 About the VFPv3-D16 architecture
About the FPU programmer’s model
FPU functionality
 General-purpose registers
FPU views of the register bank
 1shows the VFP system registers in the Cortex-R4F FPU
System registers
VFPv3 architecture describes the following system registers
 Mvfr registers are privileged access only
All hardware ID information is privileged access only
Fpsid is privileged access only
This is a change in VFPv3 compared to VFPv2
 DNM
Floating-Point Status and Control Register, Fpscr
Fpscr Register bit functions
Rmode
 IDE RAZ
Floating-Point Exception Register, Fpexc
LEN
DNM IXE RAZ UFE OFE DZE IOE IDC
 DEX
Media and VFP Feature Registers, MVFR0 and MVFR1
Floating-Point Exception Register bit functions
MVFR0 Register bit functions
 MVFR1 Register bit functions
Full denormal arithmetic supported for VFP
 Flush-to-zero mode
Full-compliance mode Flush-to-zero mode Default NaN mode
Full-compliance mode
Default NaN mode
 Ieee 754 standard implementation choices
Compliance with the Ieee 754 standard
Complete implementation of the Ieee 754 standard
NaN handling
 QNaN and SNaN handling
Comparisons
Underflow
CDP
 Exceptions
 Integration Test Registers
 About Integration Test Registers
 Software access using APB
Programming and reading Integration Test Registers
 Itmiscout
Register Itctrl
Itetmif
Itmiscin
 1110
Processor integration testing
1312
 Using the Integration Test Registers
Performing integration testing
 Itetmif Register ETM interface
Itetmif Register bit assignments Bits Name Function
 Itmiscout Register bit assignments Bits Name Function
Itmiscout Register Miscellaneous Outputs
Itmiscin Register Miscellaneous Inputs
 Dbgrestart
Integration Mode Control Register Itctrl
Bits Name Function
Etmextout
 RAZ/SBZP
Bits Access Reset value Name Function
7shows the fields of the Itctrl Register
Intmode
 Cycle Timings and Interlock Behavior
Multiplies on Divide on Branches on
 Dual issue on
 About cycle timings and interlock behavior
Instruction execution overview
 Conditional instructions
Following sequence where R1 is a Late Reg takes two cycles
Flag-setting instructions
Definition of terms
 Assembler language syntax
 Takes two cycles because there are no register dependencies
Register interlock examples
Instruction Behavior Sequence
Takes three cycles because of the result latency of R1
 Cycle counts if destination is the PC
Data processing instructions
Cycle counts if destination is not PC
 Register controlled shifts
Example interlocks
Shifter
 QADD, QDADD, QSUB, and Qdsub instructions
 Media data-processing
SEL
 Result of the USAD8 instruction
Sum of Absolute Differences SAD
Instruction sequence Behavior
USAD8 instruction
 Multiplies
Umlals
 14-13
 Divide
 Example instruction Cycles Memory Comments
Branches
10 Branch instruction cycle timing behavior
 All MRS instructions
Mode changing
Processor state updating instructions
All MSR instructions to the Spsr
 Single load and store instructions
13shows the cycle timing behavior for loads to the PC
 Example instruction Cycles Memory Result Comments Latency
Base register update
13 Cycle timing behavior for loads to the PC
 14-19
 Register offset, then 3-issue cycles
Load and Store Double instructions
 Load and Store Multiple instructions
Write-back
 Return stack prediction
Load Multiples, where the PC is in the register list
Correct condition prediction and correct
Correct condition prediction and incorrect
 14-23
 RFE and SRS instructions
 Synchronization instructions
Clrex
 Coprocessor instructions
Some instructions such as cache operations take more cycles
 SVC formerly SWI
Prefetch Abort Undefined Instruction
 Miscellaneous instructions
 Serializing
Floating-point register transfer instructions
Blocking and serializing
 Not aligned
Floating-point load/store instructions
Bit aligned address
2,2
 2,3
4,5
 Floating-point single-precision data processing instructions
 Floating-point double-precision data processing instructions
 Dual issue rules
Dual issue
Dual issue rules Permitted combinations on
 28 Permitted instruction combinations
Dual issue First instruction Second instruction Case
Permitted combinations
 Multiply-accumulate instructionso
Case F2stb
Any single-precision CDPi, excluding
Case F2Db
 AC Characteristics
Processor timing on Processor timing parameters on
 Processor timing
 Clock uncertainty 10%
Processor timing parameters
Input port timing parameters
Clock uncertainty 50%
 Clock uncertainty 60%
3shows the timing parameters for the interrupt input ports
4shows the input timing parameters for the AXI master port
 5shows the input timing parameters for the AXI slave port
Rreadys
 6shows the input timing parameters for the debug input ports
7shows the input timing parameters for the ETM input ports
 Clock uncertainty 40%
8shows the timing parameters for the test input ports
Clock uncertainty 65%
 Output ports timing parameters
11shows the timing parameters for the interrupt output ports
 13shows the timing parameters for the AXI slave output ports
Write response channel Clock uncertainty 60%
 BRESPS10
 16shows the timing parameters for the test output ports
Clock uncertainty 45%
 18shows the timing parameters for the FPU output signals
Fpidc
 15-13
 Processor Signal Descriptions
FPU signals on page A-23
 From any clock
About the processor signal descriptions
Any
 Signal Direction Clocking Description
Global signals
Table A-1 Global signals
 Table A-2 Configuration signals
Configuration signals
Table A-2shows the processor configuration signals
Information
 Tie LOW for even parity
Tie High for odd parity
 RMWENRAM10b
 Interrupt signals, including VIC interface signals
 AXI master port
L2 interface signals
Table A-4 AXI master port signals for the L2 interface
 Identification tag for the read address group of signals
Identification tag for the write data group of signals
Identification tag for the write response signal
Protection signals provide addition information about a bus
 Table A-6 AXI slave port signals for the L2 interface
AXI master port error detection signals
Table A-5 AXI master port error detection signals
AXI slave port
 Protection information, privileged/normal access. ARPROT0
Protection information, privileged/normal access. AWPROT0
AXI specification
One to 16. a four bit binary value minus one determines
 Standard AXI specification
AXI slave port error detection signals
ATCM, one hot. AWUSERS30 signal is not part
Table A-7 AXI slave port error detection signals
 Table A-9shows the B0TCM port signals
TCM interface signals
Table A-8shows the Atcm port signals
 = DMA
Table A-10shows the B1TCM port signals
Table A-10 B1TCM port signals
 Write data for B1TCM data RAM
B1TCM RAM access is sequential
Address for B1TCM data RAM
Write parity or ECC code for B1TCM
 Table A-11 Dual core interface signals
Dual core interface signals
Table A-11shows the dual redundant core interface signals
 Table A-12 Debug interface signals
Debug interface signals
Table A-13shows the debug miscellaneous signals
 Input Tie-off Debug self-address offset
Table A-13 Debug miscellaneous signals
Input Tie-off Debug ROM physical address valid
Input Tie-off Debug self-address offset valid
 Table A-14 ETM interface signals
ETM interface signals
Table A-14shows the ETM interface signals
 Table A-15 Test signals
Test signals
Table A-15shows the test signals
 Mbist signals
Table A-16shows the Mbist signals
 Validation signals
Table A-17shows the validation signals
 FPU signals
Table A-18 FPU signals
 ECC Schemes
ECC scheme selection guidelines on page B-2
 ECC scheme selection guidelines
 Clarified byte-invariant big-endian format
NCPUHALT removed from timing diagram Added sections
Revisions
Clarified little-endian format
 Table C-1 Differences between issue B and issue C
Change Location
 Table C-2 Differences between issue C and issue D
No technical changes
 See also Data Abort, External Abort and Prefetch Abort
Glossary
Abort, and an internal or External Abort
Base register write-back
 That are divisible by four and two respectively
See also Advanced High-performance Bus
See Advanced High-performance Bus
See Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture
 Active write transaction
Active read transaction
Active transfer
Completed transfer
 Write ID capability
Read ID width
Read issuing capability
Write ID width
 See also Burst
See also Beat
 See also Word-invariant
Accesses are expected to be word-aligned
Accessed in parallel during a cache look-up
Bus
 See also Dirty
 See also Clean
 See Embedded Trace Macrocell
 Option chosen does not affect software compatibility
An instruction that is architecturally Undefined
By individual implementations
Precision and the fraction is all zeros
 See Cold reset
Serviced while normal program execution is suspended
See also Halt mode
Result of attempting to access invalid instruction memory
 See Should Be Zero
Or equal to 1 and is not restricted to being a power of two
See Should Be One
See Boundary scan chain
 Destination precision
See Debug test access port
Increment of +2
User trap handler is executed
 Processor-specific. a victim is also known as a cast out
Expected behavior for an unaligned access
Bit for the exception is set
A processor
 Cache terminology diagram